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A movement in literature and visual art that started in France in the second decade of the twentieth century and thrived in the inter-war period. It originated from [[Dadaism]], a movement created during the First World War that created anti-art and negated reasoning, but took a different path from its precursor because surrealism created new, positive form of art. | A movement in literature and visual art that started in France in the second decade of the twentieth century and thrived in the inter-war period. It originated from [[Dadaism]], a movement created during the First World War that created anti-art and negated reasoning, but took a different path from its precursor because surrealism created new, positive form of art. | ||
The term ‘super-realism’ was first used by [[Guillaume Apollinaire]] in 1918, but ‘surrealism’ has been introduced by [[André Breton]], a former Dadaist, in his | The term ‘super-realism’ was first used by [[Guillaume Apollinaire]] in 1918, but ‘surrealism’ has been introduced by [[André Breton]], a former Dadaist, in his ''[http://www.tcf.ua.edu/courses/Jbutler/T340/SurManifesto/ManifestoOfSurrealism.htm Manifesto of Surrealism]'' in 1924. He defined this new movement as: “Psychic automatism in its pure state, by which one proposes to express -- verbally, by means of the written word, or in any other manner -- the actual functioning of thought. Dictated by the thought, in the absence of any control exercised by reason, exempt from any aesthetic or moral concern” (Breton). | ||
Surrealism was based on a belief that the world of the unconscious mind, where dreams and fantasies resided, is much better than the world of the conscious mind dictated by logic and reason. | Surrealism was based on a belief that the world of the unconscious mind, where dreams and fantasies resided, is much better than the world of the conscious mind dictated by logic and reason. | ||