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Augustine comes across the Manichee[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Manicheans.jpg] sect in Carthage, when he goes there for his studies. He ends up believing strongly in Manichee doctrine for nearly ten years, until rational philosophy and astronomy persuade him that the colorful Manichee cosmology is false. The self-declared prophet Mani claimed that God was not omnipotent and struggled against the opposing substance of evil. The Manicheans also believed that the human soul was of the same substance of God. The opposition of these views is one of the main themes of the Confessions. Manichee doctrines depended heavily on visualization of the concepts of God and evil, and this dependence greatly delayed Augustine from coming to know God without imagining him.
According to Wikipedia, Manicheism was one of the major ancient religions of Iranian origin. Though its organized form is mostly extinct today, a revival has been attempted under the name of Neo-Manichaeism. However, most of the writings of the founding prophet Mani have been lost. Some scholars argue that its influence subtly continues in Western Christian thought via Saint Augustine of Hippo, who converted to Christianity from Manichaeism[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Manicheans.jpg], which he passionately denounced in his writings, and whose writings continue to be enormously influential among Catholic, Protestant, and Orthodox theologians. Manichaeism originated in 3rd Century Babylon.
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