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| De Hamel, Christopher. "Paper and Parchment Makers." ''Scribes and Illuminators''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992. | | De Hamel, Christopher. "Paper and Parchment Makers." ''Scribes and Illuminators''. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1992. |
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| "Parchment is made from the skin of an animal" (8).
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| "In normal usage, the terms 'parchment' and 'vellum' are interchangeable" (8).
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| Pergamenum (i.e. parchment) "derives its name from the city of Pergamum, whose ancient King Eumenes II is said by Pliny to have invented it in the second century BC during a trade blockade on papyrus" (8).
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| "Old-fashioned books about medieval manuscripts assert that the finest medieval parchment was made from the skin of aborted calves..." (16).
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| "Not all medieval manuscripts were written on parchment. The Middle Ages opened with a long legacy of papyrus book production, and this fragile Egyptian reed material lingered on in occasional use until the seventh or even eighth century" (16).
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| "The smaller the book, the more elaborately it was ruled" (20).
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| "Splendidly illuminated manuscripts have grids of guide lines" (22).
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