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What is a sentence?: Difference between revisions
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"A sentence is a unit of language charecterized in most languages by the presence of a finite verb" (wikipedia). Sentences are classified | "A sentence is a unit of language charecterized in most languages by the presence of a finite verb" (wikipedia). Sentences are classified three ways: according to their structure (simple, compuond, complex, and compound-complex) and according to their purpose (declaritive, imperative, interrogative, and exclamatory), and according to grammar types (transitive verb: S-TV-O, S-TV-DO-IO, and S-TV-DO-OC; intransitive verb: S-IV; linking verb: S-BV-N or Adj, S-BV-Adv, S-LV-N or Adj, S-BV-Adj-PP or NC) (Hacker 463), (Rodby 45-49). The basic unit in writing is the sentence. | ||
===Structure=== | ===Structure=== | ||
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*Complex sentence: A complex sentence is composed of one independent clause with one or more subordinate clauses (Hacker 464). | *Complex sentence: A complex sentence is composed of one independent clause with one or more subordinate clauses (Hacker 464). | ||
*Compound-complex sentence:A compound-complex sentence contains at least two independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause (Hacker 464). | *Compound-complex sentence:A compound-complex sentence contains at least two independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause (Hacker 464). | ||
===Purpose=== | ===Purpose=== | ||
There are four major patterns that function in a sentence. | There are four major patterns that function in a sentence. | ||
*Declaritive sentences make statements (Hacker 465)."The weather is nice today." | *Declaritive sentences make statements (Hacker 465)."The weather is nice today." | ||
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*Exclamatory sentences make exclamations (Hacker 465). "What a fun ride"! | *Exclamatory sentences make exclamations (Hacker 465). "What a fun ride"! | ||
===Grammar=== | |||
There are eight basic sentence types or kernals within three verb types (transitive, intransitive, and linking). | |||
*Transitive | |||
**Sentence with a transitive verb and an object: "The girl sees the tree" (Rodby 45). | |||
**Sentence with a transitive verb and a direct object and an indirect object: "The professor gives the students an assignment" (Rodby 45). | |||
**Sentence with a transitive verb and a direct object and either a noun or an adjective as a complement: "Milly calls Jane a fool" (Rodby 46). | |||
*Intransitive | |||
**Sentence with an intransitive verb: "The man sleeps" (Rodby 46). | |||
*Linking | |||
**Sentence with a ''be'' verb and a noun or adjective: "The man is nice" (Rodby 46). | |||
**Sentence with a ''be'' verb and an adverb of time or place or both: "The meeting is here" (Rodby 46). | |||
**Sentence with a linking verb followed by a noun or an adjective: "The dog becomes vicious" (Rodby 46). | |||
**Sentence with a ''be'' verb or a linking verb, an adjective, and either a prepositional phrase or a noun clause: "The dog was aware that he was cold" (Rodby 46). | |||
==How to make a sentence== | ==How to make a sentence== | ||
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*Exclamation points are used after an exclamation of surprise, shock or dismay, which is generally a short sentence or phrase expressing very strong feeling (Darling). | *Exclamation points are used after an exclamation of surprise, shock or dismay, which is generally a short sentence or phrase expressing very strong feeling (Darling). | ||
:The pool | :The pool party was great! | ||
:What a ride! | :What a ride! | ||
===Complete thought=== | ===Complete thought=== | ||
A group of words must be capable of standing on its own to be considered a sentence. | A group of words must be capable of standing on its own to be considered a sentence. | ||
:She | :She going (incomplete) | ||
:She is going to work at four. (complete) | :She is going to work at four. (complete) | ||
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==Works Cited== | ==Works Cited== | ||
*Darling, Roger. "How to use punctuation." 22 Mar 2006. Online. 12 Jul 2006 | *Darling, Roger. "How to use punctuation." 22 Mar 2006. Online. 12 Jul 2006 | ||
<http://115170032534.webcitehome.co.uk/punctuation.html> | |||
*Peck, Frances. "Subject and Predicate." 1994. Online. 12 Jul 2006. | *Peck, Frances. "Subject and Predicate." 1994. Online. 12 Jul 2006. | ||
<http://www.arts.uottawa.ca/writcent/hypergrammer/subjpred.html#subject> | <http://www.arts.uottawa.ca/writcent/hypergrammer/subjpred.html#subject> | ||
*Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference.'' 5th Ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2003. | *Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference.'' 5th Ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's, 2003. | ||
*Rodby, Judith. "The Uses of Grammar." 2nd ed. Anderson, South Carolina: Parlor Press, 2012. | |||
*Wikipedia. "Sentence Linguistics." 27 Jun 2006. Online. 12 Jul 2006. | *Wikipedia. "Sentence Linguistics." 27 Jun 2006. Online. 12 Jul 2006. | ||
<http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=sentence_%28linguistics%29&oldid=60811791> | <http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=sentence_%28linguistics%29&oldid=60811791> | ||