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What is APA documentation style?: Difference between revisions
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What is APA documentation style | What is APA documentation style? | ||
APA documentation style, also known as APA format, provides a standard system for giving credit to others for their contribution to your work. APA, which stands for American Psychological Association, is used primarily in the social sciences to document sources. | |||
== Basic APA Style == | == Basic APA Style == | ||
The APA style calls for three kinds of information to be included in in-text citations. The author's last name and the work's date of publication must always appear, and these items must match exactly the corresponding entry in the references list. The third kind of information, the page number, appears only in a citation to a direct quotation. | |||
There are three options for placing citations in APA format: idea-focused, researcher-focused, and chronology-focused. | |||
Idea-focused: | |||
Place the author(s) and date(s) in parentheses at an appropriate place in or at the end of a sentence. | |||
Example: | |||
Researchers have studied how children represent mathematical problems (Alibali, Phillips, & | |||
Fischer, 2009; Siegler, 1976). | |||
Researcher-focused: | |||
Place only the date in parentheses. | |||
Alibali, Phillips, and Fischer (2009) asked, “Did the participants adopt the taught strategies?” | |||
(p. 96). | |||
Chronology-focused: | |||
Integrate both the author and date into your sentence. | |||
Example: | |||
In 2009 Alibali, Phillips, and Fischer reported that third- and fourth-grade students improved their problem representation when they were taught the equalize strategy but did not improve their problem representation when they were taught the add-subtract strategy. | |||
Citing Sources: | |||
Within a paragraph, omit the year in citations after the first one if no confusion with other studies will result. | |||
Example: | |||
Fisher (1999) administered a questionnaire . . . Fisher's results indicated . . . | |||
[new paragraph] The questionnaire administered by Fisher (1999) was used by . . . | |||
Sources with 1 or 2 authors: | |||
Cite name(s) in first and all subsequent citations | |||
Example: | |||
(Carter & Dunbar-Odom, 2009) | |||
Carter and Dunbar-Odom (2009) | |||
=== Endnotes === | === Endnotes === | ||