What is “redundancy”?: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
== Redundancy ==


" A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires not that the writer make all his sentences short, or that he avoid all detail, but that every word tells.  If a writer fails to do this his paper may suffer from redundancy"(Grammar).
" A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires not that the writer make all his sentences short, or that he avoid all detail, but that every word tells.  If a writer fails to do this his paper may suffer from redundancy"(Grammar).


 
;;Redundancy causes wordiness by:
;;Redundancy
*using unneccessary repetitions,  
 
Redundancy is a common source of wordiness
For Example:  
*unneccessary repetitions,  
*saying the samething twice,
*saying the samething twice,
*wordy sentences,
*using unnecessary words,
and
and
*empty clauses and phrases
*using empty clauses and phrases.


== Avoiding Redundancy ==
== Avoiding Redundancy ==
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'''Example''' 1:
'''Example''' 1:
   ''incorrect''  Our fifth patient, in room six, is a mentally ill patient.
   ''Incorrect:''  Our fifth patient, in room six, is a mentally ill patient.
   ''correct''  Our fifth patient, in room six, is mentally ill.
   ''Correct:''  Our fifth patient, in room six, is mentally ill.


'''Example''' 2:
'''Example''' 2:
   ''incorrect''  The best teachers help each student to become a better student both academically and emotionally.
   ''Incorrect:''  The best teachers help each student to become a better student both academically and emotionally.
   ''correct''  The best teachers help each student grow both academically and emotionally.
   ''Correct:''  The best teachers help each student grow both academically and emotionally.
 
"The above repetitions should be avoided" (Hacker,125).


;;  Saying the Samething Twice
;;  Saying the Same Thing Twice
Restating a key point in different words can help the reader understand it; however, there is no need to rephrase readily understood terms.  It is redundant(Hodge312)..
Restating a key point in different words can help the reader understand it; however, there is no need to rephrase readily understood terms.  It is redundant(Hodge312)..
For example the writer should not use words with the same meaning or connotation:   
For example the writer should not use words with the same meaning or connotation:   
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'''Example'''
'''Example'''
   ''incorrect''  There well always be a person or group who will test the legislature and publish libelous statements as long as they can until they are caught.
   ''Incorrect:''  There well always be a person or group who will test the legislature and publish libelous statements as long as they can until they are caught.


''Eliminating "there" and "be" and putting the subject and verb in their proper place will make the sentence more concise.''
''Eliminating "there" and "be" and putting the subject and verb in their proper place will make the sentence more concise.''


   ''better''  People will always test the legislature and publish libelous statements as long as they can until they are caught.
   ''Better:''  People will always test the legislature and publish libelous statements as long as they can until they are caught.


''Better, but there remains a repetition of the word "they." Get rid of the repetition.''
''Better, but there remains a repetition of the word "they." Get rid of the repetition.''


   ''correct''  People test the legislature by publishing libelous statements as long as they can.(OWL)
   ''Correct:''  People test the legislature by publishing libelous statements as long as they can.(OWL)


;;Empty Clausing and Phrases
;;Empty Clausing and Phrases


"An empty clause is one that can be reduced to a phrase, and an empty phrase is one that can be reduced to a simply phrase or a single word (Grammar)".
"An empty clause is one that can be reduced to a phrase, and an empty phrase is one that can be reduced to a simply phrase or a single word (Grammar)".
''Phrases to Avoid''
''Phrases to Avoid:''
                   in my opinion,
                   in my opinion,
                   in today's society, and etc....
                   in today's society, and etc....
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