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Technical Writing in the Digital Age

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Technical Writing in the Digital Age represents the dynamic and evolving discipline of creating written materials that convey complex information, instructions, and technical concepts in the context of contemporary digital technologies.[1] Its purview encompasses the creation, dissemination, and management of technical documents and content within an expansive digital landscape.

Major considerations within this domain revolve around adapting traditional principles of rhetoric to digital platforms, ensuring effective communication in an era defined by rapid technological advancements. Key factors include integrating multimedia elements, user-centered design principles, and ethical considerations like accessibility and inclusivity. This discipline also extends to collaborative writing processes and version control systems, acknowledging the necessity of teamwork in producing accurate and up-to-date technical documentation. In essence, technical writing in the digital age encapsulates the art and science of conveying technical information in a manner that is comprehensible and accessible to diverse audiences in our digitally-driven society.

Overview

Types of Technical Communication

Common types of technical communication include instructions, user guides, reports, memos, and procedures. [2]

Historical Context

Technical Writing Profession

The profession of technical writing began to take shape in the 1950s when technical writers began to create formal organizations, including academic programs and conferences. Key writing associations, such as the Association of Technical Writers and Editors, were also formed in the 1950s. Several of these associations eventually merged, forming the Society of Technical Communication in 1960.[3]

Digital Technologies and Technical Writing

With the rise of digital technology, technical writing has had to adapt to the needs of a digital era. However, many aspects of effective technical writing, such as remaining clear, concise, complete, and correct, still need to be applied to technical writing created for digital interfaces. [4]

Rhetorical Strategies in the Digital Age

Rhetoric is a communication strategy whose primary goal is to persuade an audience. Rhetorical analysis involves analyzing the demographics and habits of an intended audience. The information gathered allows writers to craft messages that appeal to the target audience. In the digital age, websites and social media platforms convey rhetorical messages. [5]

Online Documentation and User Experience

Digital Documentation

Digital documentation is the conversion of physical documents into digital files, enabling easier access, retrieval, and sharing of information. It includes features like searchability, version control, and security measures to ensure data integrity and confidentiality.[6]

Accessibility

Website content should be designed in accordance with Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) to ensure that individuals with disabilities are able to access the same information as those without disabilities.[7] It is a legal requirement to include accessibility features in website design.[8]

Forms of technical writing must have readability. Readability is a term used to determine whether the content has clarity, conciseness and courtesy.[9]

Collaboration and Version Control

Ethical Considerations

Technical communicators have ethical standards to which they must abide. The standards are divided into three primary categories. They are the employer, the public, and the environment.[10]

Obligations to one's employer include competence and diligence, honesty and candor, confidentiality, and loyalty.[10] The technical communicator must adhere to these obligations so that he/she does not harm the reputation or operation of the employer.

Organizations are obligated to treat customers fairly. Technical communicators must convey that the products or services an organization sells are safe and effective.[10]

Technical communicators have an obligation to the environment. This obligation includes alerting their supervisors, managers, and executive leadership to products or processes that are detrimental to the environment. Disposal of hazardous waste is far more costly than dumping it. Organizations could be tempted to skirt the legal procedures.[10]

The Society for Technical Communication (STC) is the world's oldest professional association dedicated to advancing the field of technical communication.[11] The STC promotes adherence to a list of ethical principles. They are legality, honesty, confidentiality, quality, fairness, and professionalism.[12]

Disinformation

One major ethical concern in all forms of writing, but especially in digital writing, is the creation and spread of disinformation. Disinformation, often referred to as "fake news," is information that is purposefully spread as false or misleading and is a sub-type of misinformation.[13] Modern communication technologies allow for the spread of information to occur at a fast pace. Social media is one area where the spread of disinformation occurs regularly. Some social media sites, such as Facebook, have begun to flag certain articles posted on the site as being questionable in their representation of facts or occurrences. Despite the widespread understanding and use of disinformation available today, digital writers need to be aware of their intent and the audience's needs and wants from their digital communication.[14] Ethical considerations regarding citing sources, cross-referencing information, and using primary sources are good practices for maintaining ethical standing and credibility as a digital writer.

Pedagogical Approaches

Barriers to teaching technical communications include the speed at which digital tools evolve and the complexity of software. [15]

Informal writing, such as some emailing, instant messaging, and texting, has crept into academic writing. In a study conducted by the Pew Internet & America Life Project, almost half of the respondents admitted to omitting proper punctuation and capitalization. Others even used emoticons. Colleges and universities now must focus on educating students on the different forms of written communication and when best to employ them.[16]

Future Trends and Challenges

Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence programs are capable of producing technical writing. One such program is ChatGPT, which uses machine learning to produce texts with human-like style and tone. [17]

References

  1. ↑ Lucas, Gerald (September 19, 2023) "Combining Disciplinary Approach to Technical Writing with Digital Writing: Enhancing Communication in the Digital Age." Retrieved October 29, 2023.
  2. ↑ Lannon, John; Gurak, Laura (2022). Technical Communication (15th ed.). Essex, United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited. p. 30. ISBN 1-292-36359-2.
  3. ↑ Edward, Malone (November 2011). "The First Wave (1953–1961) of the Professionalization Movement in Technical Communication" (PDF). Technical Communication. 58 (4): 285–306. Retrieved October 11, 2023.
  4. ↑ Carroll, Brian. Writing for Digital Media. Routledge. New York, 2010. p.24.
  5. ↑ Lawrence, Dan (2022). Digital Writing. Peterborough, Ontario, Canada: Broadview Press. p. 6-14. ISBN 9781770488229.
  6. ↑ Lucas, Gerald (September 1, 2023). “Exploring the Dichotomy: A Comparative Analysis of Digital and Paper Documents.” Retrieved Oct 29, 2023. https://grlucas.net/grl/CompFAQ/Digital_Writing/Documents
  7. ↑ "Introduction to Web Accessibility". Web Accessibility Initiative. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  8. ↑ "Accessibility and the Web". WCAG. Retrieved October 26, 2023.
  9. ↑ Zeleznik, J. M., Burnett, R. E., & Benson, P. J. (1999). Technical Writing : What It Is and How to Do It. National Book Network. p. 207.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Markel, Mike. Technical Communication. 9th ed., Bedford/St. Martin’s, Boston, 2009. p.22-25.
  11. ↑ “About STC.” Society for Technical Communication, 19 May 2021, www.stc.org/about-stc/ Retrieved October 27, 2023.
  12. ↑ “Ethical Principles.” Society for Technical Communication, 20 May 2021, www.stc.org/about-stc/ethical-principles/ Retrieved October 27, 2023.
  13. ↑ Lawrence, Dan. (2022). Digital Writing: A Guide to Writing for Social Media and the Web. Broadview Press.
  14. ↑ Lucas, Gerald. (September 13, 2023). "Audience-Centric Style in Digital Writing" in From Reading to Writing: A Composition FAQ Textbook. Retrieved October 22, 2023. https://grlucas.net/grl/CompFAQ/Digital_Writing/Style
  15. ↑ Hovde, Marjorie; Renguette, Corinne (2017). "Technological Literacy: A Framework for Teaching Technical Communication Software Tools". Technical Communication Quarterly. 26: 395–411. doi:10.1080/10572252.2017.1385998.
  16. ↑ Carroll, Brian. Writing for Digital Media. Routledge, New York, 2010. p. 20.
  17. ↑ "Chat GPT: What is it?". University of Central Arkansas. Retrieved October 9, 2023.
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