Literary theory: Difference between revisions
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Holland says, the psychoanalytic literary critic's primary job is to foreground that psychological element in what he or she says about books. In other words, the psychoanalytic critics should be interpreting their own, if you will, counter-transference to the text or whatever else they are describing.<ref name=Ref4/> | Holland says, the psychoanalytic literary critic's primary job is to foreground that psychological element in what he or she says about books. In other words, the psychoanalytic critics should be interpreting their own, if you will, counter-transference to the text or whatever else they are describing.<ref name=Ref4/> | ||
For example if the literary critic wants to apply the psychoanalytic approach to a specific | For example if the literary critic wants to apply the psychoanalytic approach to a specific piece of work or literature, the theory is applied directly to that character with the following the concepts:<ref name=Ref5/> | ||
<ol> | <ol> | ||
<li>Consider the author’s personality to explain and interpret a text | <li>Consider the author’s personality to explain and interpret a text | ||
Revision as of 20:17, 21 April 2014
[Team 2 is working on this page for this week's WritDM Assignment!]
Introduction
According to the Collins English Dictionary, literary theory is defined as "the systematic analysis and study of literature using general principles". A common misconception about literary theory is that it is focused on the meaning of a work of literature, whereas the actual study involves the tools by which people attempt to understand literature. [1] With different schools of theory critics of different literary works can focus on those works through different aspects they consider the most important(for example a Marxist theory may focus on how characters in a story react to an economic situation). [2] Critics use more than one school of literary theory when analyzing a work.
Types of Literary Theory
There are different types of literary theories, which can also be defined by literary criticisms. Here are some examples:
Archetypal/Myth Criticism
C.G Jung and Joseph Campbell viewed the genres and plot patterns of literature as archetypes and mythic formulas. Archetypes are "repeated types of experience in lives of ancient ancestors which inherited the collective unconscious of the human race and are expressed in myths, dreams, religion, and private fantasies, also in the work of literature." - C.G. Jung
Examples of Archetypes: the sun, the moon, circles, colors, Wise Old Man, the Great Mother, etc. Another archetype would be the color white, signifies death and is associated with innocence.
Psychoanalytic Criticism
Psychoanalytic criticism, is one of the initial approaches within the school of literary criticism. This concept is used by critics to analyze the unconsciousness of the mind. Originally constructed by Sigmund Freud when he was studying patients in an asylum, Introductory Guide to Critical Theory says, Freud began his researches into the workings of the human mind in 1881, after a century during which Europe and America saw the reform of the insane asylum and an ever-increasing interest in "abnormal" psychological states, especially the issue of "nervous diseases" (which was the first phenomenon that Freud studied, examining the nervous system of fish while gaining his medical degree at the University of Vienna from 1873 to 1881).[3]
Holland says, the psychoanalytic literary critic's primary job is to foreground that psychological element in what he or she says about books. In other words, the psychoanalytic critics should be interpreting their own, if you will, counter-transference to the text or whatever else they are describing.[4]
For example if the literary critic wants to apply the psychoanalytic approach to a specific piece of work or literature, the theory is applied directly to that character with the following the concepts:[5]
- Consider the author’s personality to explain and interpret a text
- What psychological theories are present in the characters (Oedipal complex, obsessive compulsive, sexual repression, denial, guilt)?
- What repressed material is expressed in imagery or symbols?
The literary critic will then be able to exhibit to the reader the images that are needed to properly interpret and grasp the message of the writer.
References
- ↑ “Literary Theory” by Vince Brewton, The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, ISSN 2161-0002, <http://www.iep.utm.edu/literary/>, accessed 16 April 2014
- ↑ "Literary Theory and Schools of Criticism" by Allen Brizee, J. Case Tompkins. Purdue OWL, <https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/owlprint/722/>.
- ↑ "Modules on Freud: On Psychosexual Development." by Felluga. Dino.Introductory Guide to Critical Theory.<http://www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/psychoanalysis/freud.html>. July 12, 2002. accessed 21 April 2014
- ↑ The Mind and the Book: A Long Look at Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism by N Holland, Norman. University of Florida, <http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/nholland/mindbook.htm>.1998. accessed 21 April 2014
- ↑ Literary Theories: A Sampling of Lenses by Daniel Mesick.Como Park Senior High School, <http://comosr.spps.org/lit_theory>, accessed 21 April 2014
External Links
- http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/literary-theory - The Collins English Dictionary's definition page for Literary Theory.