https://litwiki.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Dreyvun2001&feedformat=atomLitWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T05:23:21ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.0https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18358The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-21T14:24:59Z<p>Dreyvun2001: added publication</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchesi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
The story begins at a drinking festival during the Carnivale in an unspecified year in Italy. To entice his victim into his trap and seek revenge over Fortunato's "thousand injuries" against Montresor and his family, Montresor appropriates a key symbol of Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchesi===<br />
Even though Luchesi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchesi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchesi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado"<br />
<br />
One theme is rivals, Montresor depicts his homicide of Fortunato in a tone of truth.{{sfn|Elhefnawy|2018|p=103}} However, his description of the episode offers very little with regard to what he thought and felt.{{sfn|Elhefnawy|2018|p=104}} Obviously, a significant part of the analysis of the story is committed to working out Montresor's thought process from the slight detail on offer.{{sfn|Elhefnawy|2018|p=105}} Rather than the thought processes that drive individuals to kill.{{sfn|Elhefnawy|2018|p=103}} Montresor even makes directed reference toward his anger regarding Fortunato's action.{{sfn|Elhefnawy|2018|p=103}} This is manner satisfactory to drive Montresor to kill, how Montresor goes with regards to his vengeance—the hero not looking for fulfillment in a duel yet demanding it through a more barefaced and surprising technique for homicide.{{sfn|Elhefnawy|2018|p=104}}<br />
<br />
<br />
The plot revolves around alcohol and inebriation, with both contributing to Fortunato's gullibility and eventual demise in Montresor's wine cellar. Engaging Fortunato in dialogue ripe with irony, Montresor lures his victim deep into the family catacombs, urging him to try other wines along the way. {{sfn|Nesbett|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
One of the themes for the story is unsatisfied. Montresor, at the end of his life, addresses his narrative by saying you should know my soul instead of feeling any guilt he tries to defend and convince you that he is not wrong and does not have any regret.{{sfn|Walter|p=447}}<br />
<br />
<br />
A theme presented in the story is the callousness of ventures. Montresor appraises his murder as a successful act of vengeance and punishment rather than a crime.{{sfn|Baraban|2004|p=3}} Montresor's motto " No one insults me with impunity", interprets that punishing his offender is a matter of fulfilling his duty of honor before his noble ancestry.{{sfn|Baraban|2004|p=6}}<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
The short horror story "The Cask of Amontillado" was first published in a Philadelphia's monthly magazine, the Godey's Lady Book, in November 1846.<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
The Cask of Amontillado is translated to Casket of Wine. Montresor uses the wine to talk Fortunato into following him into his family catacombs. That is how Montresor was able to enact his revenge by entombing Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite journal |last1= Baraban |first1= Elena |date= 2004|title=The Motive for Murder in 'The Cask of Amontillado' by Edgar Allan Poe.|journal=Rocky Mountain Review of Language & Literature |volume= 58 |issue=2 |pages= 16}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Elhefnawy<br />
| first1 = Nader<br />
| date =2018<br />
| title =Edgar Allan Poe's 'The Cask of Amontillado'<br />
| journal = Taylor & Francis, Routledge.<br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 2<br />
| page = 103-105.<br />
}}<br />
* {{cite journal | last= Foy | first= Roslyn Reso | date= October 2015 | title= Freemasonry, the Brethren, and the Twists of Edgar Allen Poe in 'The Cask of Amontillado' | journal = Taylor & Francis, Routledge | volume = 35 | issue = 0014-4940 1939-926X (electronic) | pages = 252-256 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Walter<br />
| first1 = Stepp<br />
| title = The Ironic Double In Poe's "The Cask Of Amontillado"<br />
| volume = 13<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 447<br />
}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18337The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:26:05Z<p>Dreyvun2001: corrected luchesi spelling</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchesi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
The story begins at a drinking festival during the Carnivale in an unspecified year in Italy. To entice his victim into his trap and seek revenge over Fortunato's "thousand injuries" against Montresor and his family, Montresor appropriates a key symbol of Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchesi===<br />
Even though Luchesi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchesi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchesi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18335The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:22:18Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Luchresi */ added to theme</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchresi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchresi===<br />
Even though Luchresi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchresi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchresi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18330The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:12:12Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Major Themes */ added a plot summary</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato. Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him. While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic. Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchresi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
===Luchresi===<br />
Even though Luchresi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchresi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchresi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor seeks revenge on Fortunato because he feels as if he has insulted him but the reason is unidentified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18327The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:02:25Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Bartleby,_the_Scrivener&diff=18319Bartleby, the Scrivener2021-10-19T14:27:21Z<p>Dreyvun2001: attempted to set up page</p>
<hr />
<div>==Plot==<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
<br />
==External Links==</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18318Harrison Bergeron2021-10-19T14:16:33Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
In 2081, nobody is allowed to be smarter than anybody else, and people who are smarter or more beautiful have to wear handicaps, like face masks or radios that buzz in their ears. These laws are strictly enforced by the Handicapper General, Diana Moon Glampers. Harrison Bergeron has exceptional abilities, so was taken away From his parents George and Hazel when he was only 14. Harrison escapes and invades the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emperor and her the empress. As they kiss, Diana Moon Glampers kills them both.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14. He is seven feet tall and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
=== Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She is beautiful and talented, so wears extreme handicaps like weights and an ugly mask. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Vonnegut|2002|p=138}} she rises to her feet and joins him. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly. Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.<br />
<br />
=== Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally. She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
== Major Themes==<br />
From the start, it is evident that equality is a major theme. The equality represented in the satire isn't what most people think of when they say they desire equality. The intelligent have their thoughts disrupted by jolting sounds, musicians have an unstated handicap that limits their abilities, and the beautiful wear horrible masks.{{sfn|Hattenhauer|1998|p=387}} <br />
<br />
A major theme presented in the story is the pessimism of technology. Vonnegut's depiction of science fiction correlating to equality is the absurdity of humanity.{{sfn|Klinkowitz|1973|p=147}} The fusion of technology and humanity in this world hinders the capabilities of human variance, causing the destruction of the universe.{{sfn|Klinkowitz|1973|p=148}}<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
“Harrison Bergeron” was first published in ''The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction'', then later republished in Vonnegut’s ''Welcome to the Monkey House'' collection in 1968. <br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
Vonnegut named the story after the protagonist Harrison Bergeron, a all-American boy who tries to stage a revolt and change the society.{{sfn|Votteler|1991|p=427}} Kurt Vonnegut's brief tale "Harrison Bergeron" has expected to be a noticeable situation on numerous English class' conversation practices due to its serious quest for human correspondence at any expense.{{sfn|Stuckey|2006|p=85}} This is a good way to understand' psyches on the wondrous capability of the person than to show them Vonnegut's universe of terrible covers for the wonderful, loads for the solid, and difficult idea disruptors for the clever.{{sfn|Stuckey|2006|p=85}} Few have contended against this translation of the story, which is a little yet significant piece of Vonnegut's philosophical heritage.{{sfn|Stuckey|2006|p=86}} In any case, "Harrison Bergeron" really fits an elective perusing, that it is adequate to seek after populism through implementing a most minimized shared variable mindset.{{sfn|Stuckey|2006|p=86}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
“Harrison Bergeron” earned Vonnegut the 39th Prometheus award on August 19, 2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin, Ireland.{{sfn|Library|2019}}<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last=Harris-Fain |first=Darren |date={{date|2017}} |chapter=Social and Stylistic Rebellion in Kurt Vonnegut’s 'Harrison Bergeron' and Harlan Ellison’s '"Repent, Harlequin!" Said the Ticktockman' |title=Critical Insights: Rebellion |url= |location= |publisher=Grey House Publishing |pages=206–222 }}<br />
* {{cite journal | last= Hattenhauer | first= Darryl | date= Fall 1998 | title= The Politics of Kurt Vonnegut’s 'Harrison Bergeron' | journal = Studies in Short Fiction | volume = 35 | issue = 4 | pages = 387–392 }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Klinkowitz | first = Jerome | year = 1973 | title = The Vonnegut Statement | publisher = Library of Congress | location = <br />
| pages = 147-148 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Vonnegut |first1=Kurt |date=2002 |chapter=Harrison Bergeron |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=135–139 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stuckey <br />
| first1 = Lexi<br />
| date =2006<br />
| title = Teaching Conformity in Kurt Vonnegut's 'Harrison Bergeron'<br />
| journal = Eureka Printing. <br />
| volume = 7<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| page = 85-90<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book | last =Votteler| first =Thomas | date ={{date|1991}} | chapter = Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. | title = Short Story Criticism | editor-last =Votteler | editor-first = Thomas | publisher = Gale Research Inc. | pages = 423-438 }}<br />
* {{cite web |url=https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/vonnegut-wins-prometheus-award-for-harrison-bergeron/ |title=Vonnegut wins Prometheus Award for ‘Harrison Bergeron’ |author=<!--staff--> |date=August 19, 2019 |website=Kurt Vonnegut Museum Library|access-date=2021-10-13 |ref={{SfnRef|Library|2019}}}}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite web |url=https://www.enotes.com/topics/harrison-bergeron |title=Harrison Bergeron |author=<!--none stated--> |date={{date|n.d.}} |website=eNotes |publisher= |access-date=2021-10-13 }}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18298Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:41:46Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Publication History */ added more into the plot/will be back to edit more</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins in the year of 2081, where the 211th, 212th and the 213th amendments control the lives of individuals. Nobody is allowed to be smarter than anybody else and people with mental disabilities have to wear handicaps. Then people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison Bergeron being taken away by the government at the age of 14 caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them both.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
=== Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
=== Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
== Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
This is a short story that was written in <br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
Vonnegut named the story after the protagonist Harrison Bergeron, a all-American boy who tires to revolt and change the society in which he lives. {{sfn|Votteler|1991|p=427}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland .<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
* {{Refbegin}}{{cite web |url=https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/vonnegut-wins-prometheus-award-for-harrison-bergeron/ |title=Vonnegut wins Prometheus Award for ‘Harrison Bergeron’|date=August 19, 2019 |website=Kurt Vonnegut Museum Library|access-date=13 October 2021}}{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18295Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:33:00Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them both.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
=== Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
=== Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
== Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
Vonnegut named the story after the protagonist Harrison Bergeron, a all-American boy who tires to revolt and change the society in which he lives. {{sfn|Votteler|1991|p=427}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland .<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
* {{Refbegin}}{{cite web |url=https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/vonnegut-wins-prometheus-award-for-harrison-bergeron/ |title=Vonnegut wins Prometheus Award for ‘Harrison Bergeron’|date=August 19, 2019 |website=Kurt Vonnegut Museum Library|access-date=13 October 2021}}{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18293Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:30:16Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ added reference for the awards and nomination</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them both.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
=== Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
=== Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
== Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland .<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
* {{Refbegin}}{{cite web |url=https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/vonnegut-wins-prometheus-award-for-harrison-bergeron/ |title=Vonnegut wins Prometheus Award for ‘Harrison Bergeron’|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=August 19,2019 |website=Kurt Vonnegut Museum Library|access-date=13 October 2021}}{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18288Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:02:27Z<p>Dreyvun2001: I added an award.</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
===Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland.<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
== Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18269Sonny's Blues2021-10-08T23:13:19Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ fix spaces</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin. The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the schoolyard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked. After the narrator's daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny. When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator's wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano. Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.After that he ran off to the navy and came back. When he came back, him and the narrator got into an argument about his suspicion of drug use. After the intense argument,the narrator felt the need to figure out why sonny acts a certain way about jazz.So he goes to where Sonny plays the piano and he actually likes it. Then he sends sonny a drink of alcoholic scotch and milk which showed he was satisfied.<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York. He died when he got hit by a car while walking home from a concert with the narrator’s father.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. She is a kind and understanding person and happy to take sonny into their family, despite his troubles.<br />
<br />
'''Grace''': The narrator's daughter who died of polio at the age of two.<br />
<br />
'''Creole''': Creole is the leader of the band sonny plays with at the jazz club.<br />
<br />
'''The narrator's uncle''': He was killed at a young age when a car of drunken white men ran him over. The death broke the narrator's father's heart.<br />
<br />
'''The narrator's Mother''': She is not alive in the story. She is wise and caring, dies when the narrator is away at war.<br />
<br />
'''The narrator's Father''': He is also not alive and he is a hard man whose brother's death causes him immense grief.<br />
<br />
'''Sonny's Friend''': He is a heroin addict who visits the narrator to tell him what happened to Sonny. He is unnamed whose brief appearance in the short story represents the innumerable young guys in Harlem who are addicted to drugs.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
Suffering is another theme for "Sonny's Blue". Suffering is seen constantly through out the story. Sonny's drug addiction{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80}}, death of narrator's daughter{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}, racism{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}}, and murder of the narrator's uncle{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=86}} shows suffering. Sonny's music came from the same dark experiences and his struggle to become a singer is not that easy.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=88}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
<!--history of the work's development, if available (e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)--><br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
The title of the story "Sonny's Blues” explains more about the story than it puts on even though his brother is the narrator, the character Sonny, still seems to have the story centered around him. As the book begins, we get to know just what Sonny's "blues" or woes are. Going into the second paragraph the narrator describes his concern for his brother as " A great block of ice... settled in my belly ". {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p79}} He further goes on to describe the block of ice to be expanding until it felt like his guts " were going to spill out" he "was going to choke scream". {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p79}} The narrator goes on to talk about how Sonny was arrested in a raid for “peddling and using heroin”. {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p79}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
<!--description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception--><br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!--references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable--><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Baldwin |first1=James |date=2002 |chapter=Sonny's Blues |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |pages=79-99 }}<br />
* {{cite journal | first=Eui Young | last= Kim | date= October 2013 | title= The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's ‘Sonny's Blues’ | journal= The Explicator | volume= 76 | issue= 3 | pages= 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Stone | first1=Caitlin | date= October 2013 | title= Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in ‘Sonny's Blues’ |journal=The Explicator | volume= 71 |issue= 4 | pages= 251-254 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18268Sonny's Blues2021-10-08T23:11:10Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ took out footnotes and added more information</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the schoolyard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.After the narrator's daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator's wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.After that he ran off to the navy and came back. When he came back, him and the narrator got into an argument about his suspicion of drug use.After the intense argument,the narrator felt the need to figure out why sonny acts a certain way about jazz.So he goes to where Sonny plays the piano and he actually likes it, so he sends sonny a drink of alcoholic scotch and milk which showed he was satisfied.<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York. He died when he got hit by a car while walking home from a concert with the narrator’s father.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. She is a kind and understanding person and happy to take sonny into their family, despite his troubles.<br />
<br />
'''Grace''': The narrator's daughter who died of polio at the age of two.<br />
<br />
'''Creole''': Creole is the leader of the band sonny plays with at the jazz club.<br />
<br />
'''The narrator's uncle''': He was killed at a young age when a car of drunken white men ran him over. The death broke the narrator's father's heart.<br />
<br />
'''The narrator's Mother''': She is not alive in the story. She is wise and caring, dies when the narrator is away at war.<br />
<br />
'''The narrator's Father''': He is also not alive and he is a hard man whose brother's death causes him immense grief.<br />
<br />
'''Sonny's Friend''': He is a heroin addict who visits the narrator to tell him what happened to Sonny. He is unnamed whose brief appearance in the short story represents the innumerable young guys in Harlem who are addicted to drugs.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
Suffering is another theme for "Sonny's Blue". Suffering is seen constantly through out the story. Sonny's drug addiction{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80}}, death of narrator's daughter{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}, racism{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}}, and murder of the narrator's uncle{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=86}} shows suffering. Sonny's music came from the same dark experiences and his struggle to become a singer is not that easy.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=88}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
<!--history of the work's development, if available (e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)--><br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
The title of the story "Sonny's Blues” explains more about the story than it puts on even though his brother is the narrator, the character Sonny, still seems to have the story centered around him. As the book begins, we get to know just what Sonny's "blues" or woes are. Going into the second paragraph the narrator describes his concern for his brother as " A great block of ice... settled in my belly ". {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p79}} He further goes on to describe the block of ice to be expanding until it felt like his guts " were going to spill out" he "was going to choke scream". {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p79}} The narrator goes on to talk about how Sonny was arrested in a raid for “peddling and using heroin”. {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p79}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
<!--description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception--><br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!--references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable--><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Baldwin |first1=James |date=2002 |chapter=Sonny's Blues |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |pages=79-99 }}<br />
* {{cite journal | first=Eui Young | last= Kim | date= October 2013 | title= The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's ‘Sonny's Blues’ | journal= The Explicator | volume= 76 | issue= 3 | pages= 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Stone | first1=Caitlin | date= October 2013 | title= Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in ‘Sonny's Blues’ |journal=The Explicator | volume= 71 |issue= 4 | pages= 251-254 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18267Harrison Bergeron2021-10-08T23:01:39Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ added more information to the plot summary</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story setting begin in the year of 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to over throw the government. He then take off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and call himself the emporer and her the empress.After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicap general walks in and kills them.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
is the father of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
is the mother of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18266Harrison Bergeron2021-10-08T21:14:22Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* George Bergeron */ begin to develop the plot and characters</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story setting begin in the year of 2081<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
is the father of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
is the mother of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18265Harrison Bergeron2021-10-08T21:09:23Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Characters */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
is the father of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
is the mother of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18264Harrison Bergeron2021-10-08T21:08:54Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Characters */ tryed fixing format</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== is the father of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== is the mother of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18263Harrison Bergeron2021-10-08T21:05:48Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Characters */ added characters</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
George Bergeron is the father of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
Harrison Bergeron is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron.<br />
<br />
Hazel Bergeron is the mother of Harrison Bergeron.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18242Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-30T02:17:52Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = 2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2018.1499604<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}} This literary criticism article explains the sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny Blues by carefully accessing the use of the narrator and words and relating them to the environment which creates a image for the reader. Then they use some of the details given in the story about the neighborhood and compared it to the broken windows theory. After that it talks about how the environment could have influenced sonny to do drugs, which sonny thought the same. So that is why sonny wanted to leave. Sonny wanted to leave because he knew that the environment was not a good one.<br />
<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Dempsey <br />
| first1 = Joan<br />
| year = 2011<br />
| title = Waiting for you: Beauford Delaney as James Baldwin's Inspiration for the character creole in "Sonny's Blues<br />
| journal = Obsidian<br />
| volume = 12<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 60-78<br />
}}This article of journal states that how creole inspired and help sonny to overcome heroin. Creole is an artistic mentor and a father figure for sonny. Creole is very clearly the principal person who has taken sonny under his wings. It is because of playing the piano that sonny can stay away from drugs. With the help of creole, sonny takes the risk to become a jazz musician.<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18241Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-30T02:16:50Z<p>Dreyvun2001: added more information</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = 2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2018.1499604<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}} This literary criticism article explains the sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny Blues by carefully accessing the use of the narrator and words and relating them to the environment which creates a image for the reader. Then they use some of the details given in the story about the neighborhood and compared it to the broken windows theory. that would encourage wrongdoing. After that it talks about how the environment could have influenced sonny to do drugs, which sonny thought the same. So that is why sonny wanted to leave. Sonny wanted to leave because he knew that the environment was not a good one.<br />
<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Dempsey <br />
| first1 = Joan<br />
| year = 2011<br />
| title = Waiting for you: Beauford Delaney as James Baldwin's Inspiration for the character creole in "Sonny's Blues<br />
| journal = Obsidian<br />
| volume = 12<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 60-78<br />
}}This article of journal states that how creole inspired and help sonny to overcome heroin. Creole is an artistic mentor and a father figure for sonny. Creole is very clearly the principal person who has taken sonny under his wings. It is because of playing the piano that sonny can stay away from drugs. With the help of creole, sonny takes the risk to become a jazz musician.<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18229Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T19:03:44Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = 2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2018.1499604<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}} This literary criticism article explains the sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny Blues b<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18228Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T18:56:58Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = 2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2018.1499604<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18227Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T18:55:16Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = 2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2018.1499604<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18226Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:53:39Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
{{cite journal <br />
|last1=Baldwin <br />
|first1=James <br />
|date=1987 <br />
|title= Sonny Blues <br />
|journal=Reading and Writing about Literature <br />
|pages= 79-99<br />
|access-date=September 2021<br />
}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
}}{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18225Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:51:51Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
{{cite journal <br />
|last1=Baldwin <br />
|first1=James <br />
|date=1924-1987 <br />
|title= Sonny Blues <br />
|journal=Reading and Writing about Literature <br />
|pages= 79-99<br />
|access-date=9 September2021<br />
}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18224Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:51:08Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
{{cite journal <br />
|last1=Baldwin <br />
|first1=James <br />
|date=1924-1987 <br />
|title= Sonny Blues <br />
|journal=Reading and Writing about Literature <br />
|pages= 79-99<br />
|access-date=9 September2021<br />
}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18223Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:50:17Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
{{cite journal <br />
|last1=Baldwin <br />
|first1=James <br />
|date=1924-1987 <br />
|title= Sonny Blues <br />
|journal=Reading and Writing about Literature <br />
|pages= 79-99<br />
|access-date=9 September2021}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18222Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:48:38Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
{{cite journal |last1=Baldwin |first1=James |date=1924-1987 |title= Sonny Blues |journal=Reading and Writing about Literature |pages= 79-99|access-date= September 9,2021}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18221Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:48:21Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
{{cite journal |last1=Baldwin |first1=James |date=1924-1987 |title= Sonny Blues |journal=Reading and Writing about Literature |pages= 79-99|access-date=September 9,2021}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18220Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:47:52Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite journal |last1=Baldwin |first1=James |date=1924-1987 |title= Sonny Blues |journal=Reading and Writing about Literature |pages= 79-99|access-date=September 9,2021}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18219Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:46:46Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Works Cited */ work cited</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite journal |last1=Baldwin |first1=James |date=2002 |title= Sonny Blues |journal=Reading and Writing about Literature |pages= 79-99|access-date=September 9,2021}}<br />
{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18218Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T18:31:59Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = 2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2018.1499604<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18217Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T18:28:42Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = Sep2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = <br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18216Sonny's Blues/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T18:27:48Z<p>Dreyvun2001: journal citing</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}} Stone explains the significance of the death of grace and how it relates to the brothers. Topics addressed include the symbolic associations of the Grace's death and the religious "a fall from grace" in Christian terminology.<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Kim <br />
| first1 = Eui Young<br />
| date = July-Sep2018<br />
| title = The Sociology of the ghetto in James Baldwin's SONNY BLUES<br />
| url = <br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 76<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18215Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:13:46Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ took bulletin out</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18214Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:13:01Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ spaces</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
* The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18213Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:11:57Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ changed spaces</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
* The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin. {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}} After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}} When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}} After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}} So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}} Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18212Sonny's Blues2021-09-29T18:10:19Z<p>Dreyvun2001: changed author</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
* The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin. {{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=80-82}}After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=91}}After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=92}}So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=99}}Sonny really didn't have no remorse for losing his parents at all.{{sfn|Baldwin|2002|p=82}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
'''Isabel''': The wife of the narrator. <br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major themes is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
•A theme presented in the story is brotherly division{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=1}}. The symbology of the death of Grace plays an essential role in both the narrator and Sonny’s relationship. Sonny’s fall from grace depicts his morality and corroded decisions leading to an isolated life.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=2}} A fall from grace always has consequences in Christianity. The family is sorrowed over the death of the narrator’s daughter, leading to disintegration of grace within the brothers, causing them to drift apart and threatens to destroy their relationship.{{sfn|Stone|2013|p=3}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Stone <br />
| first1 = Caitlin<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = Lost and Found: The Fall of Grace in Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=mlf&AN=2015383085&site=eds-live&scope=site&custid=ns235467<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 71<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| pages = 251-254 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Eui Young<br />
|first=Kim,<br />
|date=2018 July-Sept<br />
|title=The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues<br />
|location=Taylor & Francis, Routledge<br />
|publisher=journal article Language of Publicatin: English Update Code: 2011901<br />
|page= 161-165<br />
}}' Due to Baldwin's compelling portrayal of brotherly estrangement and the difficult process of reconciliation, critics have frequently elided the dense description of the physical setting. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Eui Young <br />
| first1 = Kim<br />
| date = Oct 2013<br />
| title = The Sociology of the Ghetto in James Baldwin's Sonny's Blues <br />
| url = https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=2&sid=e33e657f-6128-4232-b32c-0e9cf3727082%40pdc-v-sessmgr02&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2019402391&db=mlf<br />
| journal = The Explicator <br />
| volume = 94890<br />
| issue = 2019402391<br />
| pages = 161-165 <br />
}}<br />
<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18186Sonny's Blues2021-09-27T12:02:35Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Characters */ added narrator information</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
* The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=80-82}}After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=82}}When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=91}}After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=92}}So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=99}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': He is a math teacher and he is 7 years older than Sonny. <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major theme is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18185Sonny's Blues2021-09-27T12:01:01Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ added more information and footnotes</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
* The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=79}} The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=80-82}}After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=82}}When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=90}} Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=91}}After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=92}}So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic scotch and milk.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=99}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major theme is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Sonny%27s_Blues&diff=18184Sonny's Blues2021-09-27T11:46:46Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ added a plot summary</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Sonny’s Blues<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1957<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
* The story begins with the unnamed narrator on his way to work as a math teacher and opening up a newspaper finding out his brother, Sonny had been arrested for using and selling heroin. The whole day his mind was set on the disturbing news. When his class was over, a friend of Sonny's came through the school yard to talk to the narrator about the situation and that he felt responsible for getting sonny hooked. After the narrator daughter died of polio, he felt the need to write Sonny. When sonny got out of jail he had to live with the narrator wife Isabel's parents so that he could go to school and have access to a piano. Meanwhile, Sonny did not go to school, he started doing acid. After that he ran off to the navy and came back, him and the narrator got into a argument which made the narrator try to figure out sonny. So he goes to where sonny plays the piano and likes it and he send his brother a drink of a alcoholic beverage with milk.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Narrator''': <br />
<br />
'''Sonny''': He is the narrator's brother, jazz musician, and heroin addict who lived in New York.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
• One of the major theme is power of music, Sonny compares music's affective power to that of heroin. It makes him feel, "warm and cool at the same time" distant, sure and in control.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=94}}<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the work's development, if available <br />
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story’s Title===<br />
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]]<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
*{{cite book<br />
|last=Sipiora<br />
|first=Phillip<br />
|date=2002<br />
|title=Reading and Writing about Literature<br />
|location=Upper Sandal River<br />
|publisher=Prentice Hall<br />
|page= 94<br />
}}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* . . .<br />
<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Contemporary]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18170The Story of an Hour/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-16T13:41:01Z<p>Dreyvun2001: add to annotated bibliography</p>
<hr />
<div>Image waking up one day and everything has changed. For Louise Mallard that was something she had to wetness when she lost the love of her life from an unexpected accident, this caused her beloved Brently Mallard to pass away from a situation that was uncontrollable. When coming across the article "The 'It" and "Joy that Kills", it shows an overlay of how the story took a turn in changing of different setting and scenery. the journal talks about how the story can be seen as experiencing what was denied Louise, when the conclusion of "The Story of an Hour", she walked down the stairs to the front door and was cut short by her husband's surprise return witch through the story for a big lop. author wanted to make sure that the reader's attention was engaged the whole time that's why the ending through such a big change in the setting. It seems like the short story journal had good details covering the setting on "The Story of an Hour". <br />
<br />
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }} ~The paragraph annotation goes here.~<br />
* {{cite magazine<br />
| last = Geriguis<br />
| first = Lora E.<br />
| date = 2019<br />
| title = The "It" and "Joy That Kills:" An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's THE STORY OF AN HOUR<br />
| url =https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2019.1668344<br />
| magazine = Taylor & Francis Group<br />
| publisher = La Sierra University<br />
| access-date =2019<br />
}}This journal breaks down the "it" and the "joy that kills" by describing the nature which would create an image in the reader head. In the beginning of the story, she feels like something was creeping out of the sky through sounds, scents and colors that filled the air. Then it concludes with Louise going downstairs and being surprised by her supposedly dead husband and she dies. That describes the "joy that kills" which was indicated through the actions in the story.</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour&diff=18145The Story of an Hour2021-09-12T14:49:14Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ citation</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Story of an Hour<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Short Story<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1894<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin written on April 19,1894{{cite web |url=https://www.katechopin.org/the-story-of-an-hour/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20Story%20of%20an%20Hour%E2%80%9D%20is%20Kate%20Chopin%E2%80%99s,read%20the%20story%20in%20our%20online%20text%20. |title=Kate Chopin: “The Story of an Hour” |last= |first= |date=09/01/2021 |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}. It first appeared in ''Vogue'' on December 6,1894 under another name known as "The Dream of an Hour". This was one of the nineteen stories of Kate Chopin that Vogue published.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Josephine, Louise Mallard's sister receives news of Brently Mallard's death at his job on the railroad and goes to tell her with assistance from Richard, Brently's friend. Josephine, knowing that her sister has a heart disease caused her to become nervous and talk in broken sentences which gave hints that revealed what happened. After finding out the news, she goes to her room and realizes that she is “free, free, free!”{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}} While she is grieving she feels as if something is reaching from the sky to grasp her but she knew what was trying to possess her but she was trying to fight it. <br />
{{cite journal<br />
| last1 =Geriguis <br />
| first1 =Lora E. <br />
| last2 = <br />
| first2 = <br />
| date =2019 <br />
| title =The "it" and the "Joy that kills". An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's The Story of an Hour <br />
| url =https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00144940.2019.1668344 <br />
| journal =Taylor and Francis Group <br />
| volume =78 <br />
| issue =1 <br />
| pages = 5-8<br />
| doi = <br />
| access-date = September 12, 2021<br />
<br />
}} Then, her sister encourage her to come out of the room so that she would not become ill. When she got down stairs, her husband Brently stepped through the doors. Richard tried covering him to keep Louise from being shocked but it was to late, she died of a heart disease.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease. <br />
<br />
'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story. <br />
<br />
'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.<br />
<br />
'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~<br />
<br />
A major theme throughout "The Story Of An Hour," is freedom. Once the hurt and grief of his loss pass over Louise, she realizes that she has the freedom to live her life the way she wants. You can see her moment of realization whenever she says, "free, free, free." She realizes that she is no longer held back by a marriage and has the freedom and independence to do as she pleases.<br />
<br />
Another major theme of the story is death as a release. Louise's reaction to her husband's death is disheartening. However, sadness and grief gracefully turn into happiness and satisfaction. The socially acceptable way to react to death is with grief and only grief {{sfn|Allen|2021}}. Louise doesn't pertain to this situation accordingly, the grief is no longer there.<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the novel's development, if available <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
1894,, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story's Title===<br />
Louise Mallard is told her husband was dead and with that she gained her freedom. Later Louise finds out he is alive and she dies. The character gains her freedom and dies within an hour.{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}<br />
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
<br />
<br />
{{cite web<br />
|url=https://owlcation.com/humanities/Analysis-Story-Hour-Kate-Chopin-Themes-Summary-Symbolism<br />
|title=Analysis, Themes and Summary of 'The Story of an Hour' by Kate Chopin<br />
|last= Allen<br />
|first=Howard<br />
|date= April 2021<br />
|website=owlcation.com<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the novel and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about novel--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:19th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour&diff=18144The Story of an Hour2021-09-12T14:48:02Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ added citation but i still do not know hoe to make it pop up in citations</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Story of an Hour<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Short Story<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1894<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin written on April 19,1894{{cite web |url=https://www.katechopin.org/the-story-of-an-hour/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20Story%20of%20an%20Hour%E2%80%9D%20is%20Kate%20Chopin%E2%80%99s,read%20the%20story%20in%20our%20online%20text%20. |title=Kate Chopin: “The Story of an Hour” |last= |first= |date=09/01/2021 |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}. It first appeared in ''Vogue'' on December 6,1894 under another name known as "The Dream of an Hour". This was one of the nineteen stories of Kate Chopin that Vogue published.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Josephine, Louise Mallard's sister receives news of Brently Mallard's death at his job on the railroad and goes to tell her with assistance from Richard, Brently's friend. Josephine, knowing that her sister has a heart disease caused her to become nervous and talk in broken sentences which gave hints that revealed what happened. After finding out the news, she goes to her room and realizes that she is “free, free, free!”{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}} While she is grieving she feels as if something is reaching from the sky to grasp her but she knew what was trying to possess her but she was trying to fight it.{{cite journal<br />
<br />
| last1 =Geriguis <br />
| first1 =Lora E. <br />
| last2 = <br />
| first2 = <br />
| date =2019 <br />
| title =The "it" and the "Joy that kills". An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's The Story of an Hour <br />
| url =https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00144940.2019.1668344 <br />
| journal =Taylor and Francis Group <br />
| volume =78 <br />
| issue =1 <br />
| pages = <br />
| doi = <br />
| access-date = September 12, 2021<br />
<br />
}} Then, her sister encourage her to come out of the room so that she would not become ill. When she got down stairs, her husband Brently stepped through the doors. Richard tried covering him to keep Louise from being shocked but it was to late, she died of a heart disease.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease. <br />
<br />
'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story. <br />
<br />
'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.<br />
<br />
'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~<br />
<br />
A major theme throughout "The Story Of An Hour," is freedom. Once the hurt and grief of his loss pass over Louise, she realizes that she has the freedom to live her life the way she wants. You can see her moment of realization whenever she says, "free, free, free." She realizes that she is no longer held back by a marriage and has the freedom and independence to do as she pleases.<br />
<br />
Another major theme of the story is death as a release. Louise's reaction to her husband's death is disheartening. However, sadness and grief gracefully turn into happiness and satisfaction. The socially acceptable way to react to death is with grief and only grief {{sfn|Allen|2021}}. Louise doesn't pertain to this situation accordingly, the grief is no longer there.<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the novel's development, if available <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
1894,, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story's Title===<br />
Louise Mallard is told her husband was dead and with that she gained her freedom. Later Louise finds out he is alive and she dies. The character gains her freedom and dies within an hour.{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}<br />
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
<br />
<br />
{{cite web<br />
|url=https://owlcation.com/humanities/Analysis-Story-Hour-Kate-Chopin-Themes-Summary-Symbolism<br />
|title=Analysis, Themes and Summary of 'The Story of an Hour' by Kate Chopin<br />
|last= Allen<br />
|first=Howard<br />
|date= April 2021<br />
|website=owlcation.com<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the novel and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about novel--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:19th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18142The Story of an Hour/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-11T12:36:02Z<p>Dreyvun2001: add to annotated bibliography</p>
<hr />
<div>Image waking up one day and everything has changed. For Louise Mallard that was something she had to wetness when she lost the love of her life from an unexpected accident, this caused her beloved Brently Mallard to pass away from a situation that was uncontrollable. When coming across the article "The 'It" and "Joy that Kills", it shows an overlay of how the story took a turn in changing of different setting and scenery. the journal talks about how the story can be seen as experiencing what was denied Louise, when the conclusion of "The Story of an Hour", she walked down the stairs to the front door and was cut short by her husband's surprise return witch through the story for a big lop. author wanted to make sure that the reader's attention was engaged the whole time that's why the ending through such a big change in the setting. It seems like the short story journal had good details covering the setting on "The Story of an Hour". <br />
<br />
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }} ~The paragraph annotation goes here.~<br />
* {{cite magazine<br />
| last = Geriguis<br />
| first = Lora E.<br />
| date = 2019<br />
| title = The "It" and "Joy That Kills:" An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's THE STORY OF AN HOUR<br />
| url =https://doi.org/10.1080/00144940.2019.1668344<br />
| magazine = Taylor & Francis Group<br />
| publisher = La Sierra University<br />
| access-date =2019<br />
}}This journal breaks down the "it" and the "joy that kills" by describing the nature. In the beginning it feels as if something wa</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18136The Story of an Hour/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-10T12:39:18Z<p>Dreyvun2001: citation practice</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }} ~The paragraph annotation goes here.~<br />
* Geriguis, Lora(2019). The "it" and the "Joy That Kills": An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's The Story Of an Hour. ''American Literature. 78(1):5-8.''</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18135The Story of an Hour/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-10T12:27:32Z<p>Dreyvun2001: citation practice</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }} ~The paragraph annotation goes here.~<br />
* <nowiki>{{cite journal | last = Geriguis | first = Lora E| date = | title = The "it" and the "Joy That Kills": An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's The Story Of an Hour| url =</nowiki>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00144940.2019.1668344<nowiki> | journal =The Explicator | volume = 78| issue =1 | pages =5-8 | doi =}}</nowiki></div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18134The Story of an Hour/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-10T12:26:37Z<p>Dreyvun2001: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }} ~The paragraph annotation goes here.~<br />
* <nowiki>{{cite journal | last = Geriguis | first = Lora E| date = | title = The "it" and the "Joy That Kills": An Ecocritical Reading of Chopin's The Story Of an Hour| url =</nowiki>https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00144940.2019.1668344 | journal =The Explicator | volume = 78| issue =1 | pages =5-8 | doi =</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour&diff=18086The Story of an Hour2021-09-02T04:19:04Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Plot */ fixing grammar in the plot</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Story of an Hour<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Short Story<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1894<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin written on April 19,1894{{cite web |url=https://www.katechopin.org/the-story-of-an-hour/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20Story%20of%20an%20Hour%E2%80%9D%20is%20Kate%20Chopin%E2%80%99s,read%20the%20story%20in%20our%20online%20text%20. |title=Kate Chopin: “The Story of an Hour” |last= |first= |date=09/01/2021 |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}. It first appeared in ''Vogue'' on December 6,1894 under another name known as "The Dream of an Hour". This was one of the nineteen stories of Kate Chopin that Vogue published.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Josephine, Louise Mallard's sister receives news of Brently Mallard's death at his job on the railroad and goes to tell her with assistance from Richard, Brently's friend. Josephine, knowing that her sister has a heart disease caused her to become nervous and talk in broken sentences which gave hints that revealed what happened. After grieving, she realizes that she is “free, free, free!”{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}} Then, her sister encourage her to come out of the room so that she would not become ill. When she got down stairs, her husband Brently stepped through the doors. Richard tried covering him to keep Louise from being shocked but it was to late, she died of a heart disease.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease. <br />
<br />
'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story. <br />
<br />
'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.<br />
<br />
'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~<br />
<br />
A major theme throughout "The Story Of An Hour," is freedom. Once the hurt and grief of his loss passes over Louise, she realizes that she has the freedom to live her life the way she wants. You can see her moment of realization whenever she says, "free, free, free." She realizes that she is no longer held back by a marriage and has the freedom and independence to do as she pleases.<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the novel's development, if available <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
1894,, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story's Title===<br />
Louise Mallard is told her husband was dead and with that she gained her freedom. Later Louise finds out he is alive and she dies. The character gains her freedom and dies within an hour.{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}<br />
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the novel and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about novel--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:19th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]</div>Dreyvun2001https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour&diff=18085The Story of an Hour2021-09-02T03:49:45Z<p>Dreyvun2001: /* Publication history */ praticing citing</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Story of an Hour<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Short Story<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1894<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin written on April 19,1894{{cite web |url=https://www.katechopin.org/the-story-of-an-hour/#:~:text=%E2%80%9CThe%20Story%20of%20an%20Hour%E2%80%9D%20is%20Kate%20Chopin%E2%80%99s,read%20the%20story%20in%20our%20online%20text%20. |title=Kate Chopin: “The Story of an Hour” |last= |first= |date=09/01/2021 |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}. It first appeared in ''Vogue'' on December 6,1894 under another name known as "The Dream of an Hour". This was one of the nineteen stories of Kate Chopin that Vogue published.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Josephine, Louise Mallard's sister receives news of Brently Mallard's death at his job on the railroad and goes to tell her with assistance from Richard, the husband's friend. Josephine, knowing that her sister has a heart disease caused her to become nervous and to talk in broken sentences which gave hints that revealed what happened. After grieving, she realizes that she is “free, free, free!”{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}} Then, her sister gets her out of her room so that she would not become ill. When she got down stairs, her husband Brently stepped through the doors. Richard tried to cover him to keep Louise from being shocked but it was to late, she died of a heart disease.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease. <br />
<br />
'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story. <br />
<br />
'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.<br />
<br />
'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~<br />
<br />
A major theme throughout "The Story Of An Hour," is freedom. Once the hurt and grief of his loss passes over Louise, she realizes that she has the freedom to live her life the way she wants. You can see her moment of realization whenever she says, "free, free, free." She realizes that she is no longer held back by a marriage and has the freedom and independence to do as she pleases.<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the novel's development, if available <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
1894,, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story's Title===<br />
Louise Mallard is told her husband was dead and with that she gained her freedom. Later Louise finds out he is alive and she dies. The character gains her freedom and dies within an hour.{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}<br />
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the novel and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about novel--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:19th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]</div>Dreyvun2001