https://litwiki.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=BLeberteau&feedformat=atomLitWiki - User contributions [en]2024-03-29T04:47:49ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.39.0https://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18346The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:42:23Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Work's Title */ fixed word</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchesi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
The story begins at a drinking festival during the Carnivale in an unspecified year in Italy. To entice his victim into his trap and seek revenge over Fortunato's "thousand injuries" against Montresor and his family, Montresor appropriates a key symbol of Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchesi===<br />
Even though Luchesi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchesi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchesi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
The plot revolves around alcohol and inebriation, with both contributing to Fortunato's gullibility and eventual demise in Montresor's wine cellar. Engaging Fortunato in dialogue ripe with irony, Montresor lures his victim deep into the family catacombs, urging him to try other wines along the way. {{sfn|Nesbett|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
The Cask of Amontillado is translated to Casket of Wine. Montresor uses the wine to talk Fortunato into following him into his family catacombs. That is how Montresor was able to enact his revenge by entombing Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
<br />
*{{cite journal |last1= Foy |first1= Roslyn Reso |last2= Lambo|first2= William E.|date= 2015 Oct-Dec |title= Freemasonry, the Brethren, and the Twists of Edgar Allen Poe in 'The Cask of Amontillado' |url=https://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=7&sid=c837bcf4-118b-42e7-924e-a77c2fce50b8%40sdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2016380026&db=mlf |journal= Taylor & Francis, Routledge |volume= |issue= 0014-4940 1939-926X (electronic) |pages= 252-256|access-date= 2015 Oct }}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18345The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:41:54Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Plot */ fixed word</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchesi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nesbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
The story begins at a drinking festival during the Carnivale in an unspecified year in Italy. To entice his victim into his trap and seek revenge over Fortunato's "thousand injuries" against Montresor and his family, Montresor appropriates a key symbol of Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchesi===<br />
Even though Luchesi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchesi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchesi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
The plot revolves around alcohol and inebriation, with both contributing to Fortunato's gullibility and eventual demise in Montresor's wine cellar. Engaging Fortunato in dialogue ripe with irony, Montresor lures his victim deep into the family catacombs, urging him to try other wines along the way. {{sfn|Nesbett|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
The Cask of Amontillado is translated to Casket of Wine. Montresor uses the wine to talk Fortunato into following him into his family catacombs. That is how Montresor was able to enact his revenge by entombing Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
<br />
*{{cite journal |last1= Foy |first1= Roslyn Reso |last2= Lambo|first2= William E.|date= 2015 Oct-Dec |title= Freemasonry, the Brethren, and the Twists of Edgar Allen Poe in 'The Cask of Amontillado' |url=https://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=7&sid=c837bcf4-118b-42e7-924e-a77c2fce50b8%40sdc-v-sessmgr01&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#AN=2016380026&db=mlf |journal= Taylor & Francis, Routledge |volume= |issue= 0014-4940 1939-926X (electronic) |pages= 252-256|access-date= 2015 Oct }}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18339The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:35:25Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Work's Title */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchesi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
The story begins at a drinking festival during the Carnivale in an unspecified year in Italy. To entice his victim into his trap and seek revenge over Fortunato's "thousand injuries" against Montresor and his family, Montresor appropriates a key symbol of Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchesi===<br />
Even though Luchesi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchesi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchesi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
The Cask of Amontillado is translated to Casket of Wine. Montresor uses the wine to talk Fortunato into following him into his family catacombs. That is how Montresor was able to enact his revenge by entombing Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18338The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:34:55Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Work's Title */ added explanation of title</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchesi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
The story begins at a drinking festival during the Carnivale in an unspecified year in Italy. To entice his victim into his trap and seek revenge over Fortunato's "thousand injuries" against Montresor and his family, Montresor appropriates a key symbol of Freemasonry.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchesi===<br />
Even though Luchesi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchesi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchesi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor is motivated by hate and seeks revenge on Fortunato. He feels as if he has insulted him and caused a thousand injuries to him but the injuries are not identified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
The Cask of Amontillado is translated to mean Casket of Wine. Montresor uses the wine to talk Fortunato into following him into his family catacombs. That is how Montresor was able to enact his revenge by entombing Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18334The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:21:09Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Plot */ added footnote</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchresi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchresi===<br />
Even though Luchresi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchresi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchresi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor seeks revenge on Fortunato because he feels as if he has insulted him but the reason is unidentified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
Also see the [[/Annotated Bibliography|annotated bibliography]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}} <!--Sources go between {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} in alphabetical order --><br />
* {{cite book |last= Nesbitt |first= Anna |date={{date|2000}} |chapter= Edgar Allan Poe |title=The Cask of Amontillado |url= |location= |publisher= Gale Group |pages=297-354}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1= Poe |first1= Edgar |date=2002 |chapter=The Cask of Amontillado |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |location=Upper Saddle River, NJ |publisher=Prentice Hall |pages=240-244}}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18332The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:18:36Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Plot */ added plot and footnote</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}} Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=240}} While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic. Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchresi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.{{sfn|Nisbitt|2000|p=297}}<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
Fortunato apparently has a brotherhood and Montresor recognizes this fact and utilizes it for his own destruction hatred and his longing to lure Fortunate to his death.<br />
<br />
===Luchresi===<br />
Even though Luchresi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchresi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchresi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
Montresor seeks revenge on Fortunato because he feels as if he has insulted him but the reason is unidentified in the short story "The Cask of the Amontillado.<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18329The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T14:09:06Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Plot */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short horror story wrote by Edgar Allan Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
“The Cast of Amontillado” begins by recounting the last meeting between two aristocratic gentlemen, the narrator Montresor, and the wine connoisseur Fortunato. Montresor is plotting his revenge for the thousand injuries Fortunato did to him. While at the pre-Lenten festival, Montresor tells Fortunato that he has in his possession a cast of amontillado sherry and does not feel as though it is authentic. Montresor leads Fortunato deep underground to his family catacombs in his palazzo. Although Fortunato has a cough from the nitre, he continues so his rival Luchresi does not steal his opportunity to taste the wine. Once they get into the catacombs Montresor chains him to the wall and begins to use a trowel and fresh mortar to entomb Fortunato.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
===Luchresi===<br />
Even though Luchresi isn't a key character in the story, he is still talked about. Luchesi is Fortunato's wine-tasting opponent. Montresor doesn't need to bring up Luchresi in order to entice Fortunato to his doom. The prospect of Amontillado is sufficient enough. For Montresor, Luchresi is a type of insurance.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<br />
==Publication History==<br />
<br />
==Explanation of the Work's Title==<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}<br />
<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
==External Links ==</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Cask_of_Amontillado&diff=18322The Cask of Amontillado2021-10-20T13:38:34Z<p>BLeberteau: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Cask of Amontillado<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Edgar Allen Poe|Edgar Allen Poe]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Horror Fiction<br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = November 1846<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“The Cask of Amontillado”''' is a 1846 short story by Edgar Allen Poe.<br />
==Plot==<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Montresor===<br />
He is the narrator of the story. He's a fascinating and nuanced character whose desire for vengeance drives the plot. His family motto is Nemo me impune lacessit,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=242}} which translates to "no one insults me with impunity," which explains his motivation for murdering his friend.<br />
<br />
===Fortunato===<br />
His name means "fortunate". He is Montresor's Italian friend who is completely oblivious to his friend's revenge motive. It isn't until Montresor locks him in a crypt and begins to brick him in that Fortunato finally realizes he's been tricked. He is the antagonist of the story and loves vintage wines and carnival attire.<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist|15em}}</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18299Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:43:29Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Works Cited */ added cites</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story begins in the year of 2081, where the 211th, 212th and the 213th amendments control the lives of individuals. Nobody is allowed to be smarter than anybody else and people with mental disabilities have to wear handicaps. Then people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison Bergeron being taken away by the government at the age of 14 caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them both.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
=== Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
=== Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
== Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
This is a short story that was written in <br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
Vonnegut named the story after the protagonist Harrison Bergeron, a all-American boy who tires to revolt and change the society in which he lives. {{sfn|Votteler|1991|p=427}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland .<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
* {{Refbegin}}{{cite web |url=https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/vonnegut-wins-prometheus-award-for-harrison-bergeron/ |title=Vonnegut wins Prometheus Award for ‘Harrison Bergeron’|date=August 19, 2019 |website=Kurt Vonnegut Museum Library|access-date=13 October 2021}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Votteler |first=Thomas | date=1991 |chapter=Kurt Vonnegut, Jr |title=Short Story Criticism |editor-last=Votteler |editor-first=Thomas |publisher=Gale Research Inc. |pages=423–438 }}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18294Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:30:18Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Work's Title */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them both.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
=== Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
=== Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
== Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
Vonnegut named the story after the protagonist Harrison Bergeron, a all-American boy who tires to revolt and change the society in which he lives. {{sfn|Votteler|1991|p=427}}<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland .<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
== Works Cited==<br />
<br />
* {{Refbegin}}{{cite web |url=https://www.vonnegutlibrary.org/vonnegut-wins-prometheus-award-for-harrison-bergeron/ |title=Vonnegut wins Prometheus Award for ‘Harrison Bergeron’|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=August 19,2019 |website=Kurt Vonnegut Museum Library|access-date=13 October 2021}}{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18292Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:24:38Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Works Cited */ added cites for two books</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
===Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland.<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
== Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* {{Cite book |last=Vonnegut |first=Kurt | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter= Harrison Bergeron |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=135-139 }}<br />
<br />
* {{Cite book | last =Votteler| first =Thomas | date ={{date|1991}} | chapter = Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. | title = Short Story Criticism | editor-last =Votteler | editor-first = Thomas | publisher = Gale Research Inc. | pages = 423-438 }}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite web |url=https://www.enotes.com/topics/harrison-bergeron |title=Harrison Bergeron |author=<!--none stated--> |date={{date|n.d.}} |website=eNotes |publisher= |access-date=2021-10-13 }}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18291Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T14:19:32Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Works Cited */ added cites for two books</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
===Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
Vonnegut received the 39th Prometheus award for the short story "Harrison Bergeron" on August 19,2019 during the 77th World Science Fiction Convention in Dublin,Ireland.<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
== Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
*<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=Vonnegut |first=Kurt | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter= Harrison Bergeron |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=135-139 }}<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{Cite book | last =Votteler| first =Thomas | date ={{date|1991}} | chapter = Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. | title = Short Story Criticism | editor-last =Votteler | editor-first = Thomas | publisher = Gale Research Inc. | pages = 423-438 }}<br />
<br />
==External Links ==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
* {{cite web |url=https://www.enotes.com/topics/harrison-bergeron |title=Harrison Bergeron |author=<!--none stated--> |date={{date|n.d.}} |website=eNotes |publisher= |access-date=2021-10-13 }}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Harrison_Bergeron&diff=18287Harrison Bergeron2021-10-13T13:58:58Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Work's Title */ added title meaning</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]] or [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Books]] --><br />
| name = Harrison Bergeron<br />
| author = [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]]<br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| genre = [[Dystopia]], [[Science fiction]], political fiction<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction|The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction]]''<br />
| publisher =<br />
| media_type = Print (magazine)<br />
| pub_date = 1961<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''Harrison Bergeron'''” is a 1961 short story by Kurt Vonnegut.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
The story set begins in the year 2081. Nobody is able to be smarter than anybody else. So people with mental disabilities wear handicaps and people who are better looking than others have to wear a face mask. Harrison being taken away by the government caused him to escape and invade the television studio in an attempt to overthrow the government. He then takes off his handicaps along with a ballerina's handicap and calls himself the Emporer and her the empress. After they dance, Diana Moon Glampers, the handicapped general walks in and kills them.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===George Bergeron=== <br />
George Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's father and Hazel Bergeron's husband. Despite his strength and "far above normal" IQ, George's abilities are limited by state-imposed mental and physical handicaps{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, making him equal to everyone else.<br />
<br />
===Harrison Bergeron=== <br />
He is the son of George and Hazel Bergeron, he was taken away by the government at age 14.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} He is seven feet tall{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=137}} and appears to be the most advanced model the human species has to offer. Harrison is imprisoned for refusing to accept the government's regulations on himself and society, but he escapes, removes his handicaps, and in an act of disobedience against the government.<br />
<br />
===Hazel Bergeron=== <br />
Hazel Bergeron is Harrison Bergeron's mother and George Bergeron's wife. Unlike her husband and son, Hazel is described as having "perfectly average" strength and intelligence, she can't think about anything except in brief spurts{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}}, hence she has neither mental or physical handicaps. <br />
<br />
===Ballerina/Empress===<br />
The Ballerina is one of the dancers in George and Hazel Bergeron's televised dance performance, which they watch for the duration of the story. She has serious mental and physical problems, as well as an ugly disguise, at first. When Harrison Bergeron storms onto the stage and orders, "Let the first woman who dares rise to her feet claim her mate and her throne,"{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} this dancer rises to her feet and becomes Harrison's Empress. Harrison takes away all of her handicaps, revealing her "blindingly attractive" beauty, and the two of them dance together brilliantly.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=138}} Diana Moon Glampers shoots and kills Harrison and the Empress after the dance.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=139}}<br />
<br />
===Diana Moon Glampers (Handicapper General)===<br />
She is the United States' Handicapper General. She is in charge of controlling the minds and bodies of all Americans in order to ensure that everyone is treated equally.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=135}} She is the one who shot and killed both Harrison and the Ballerina on live television{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=1139}} in order to silence their opposition and convey a message to all residents that individualism and skill will not be allowed. <br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
Vonnegut named the story after the 14 year old protagonist Harrison Bergeron, who is a all-American boy.<br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
{{Refbegin}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* . . .<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Contemporary]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Build_a_Fire&diff=18240To Build a Fire2021-09-30T01:28:01Z<p>BLeberteau: added cite for journal</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!--See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]]--><br />
| name = To Build a Fire <br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]<br />
| country =<br />
<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Adventure, short story <br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type = <br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1902, 1908<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===The Man===<br />
The man travels in the Yukon Territories with a husky. He is a “''chechaquo''," or a newcomer,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} making him overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the “facts.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}} <br />
<br />
===The Dog===<br />
The dog is a “big native husky”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} that accompanies the man along on his journey; the dog operates based on instinct.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}<br />
<br />
===The Old-Timer===<br />
Though he only appears in flashbacks, the Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek warns the man about the cold and traveling alone. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=154}}<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically, that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} The Klondike is an area that is a grasping story of the battle of the frozen Yukon trail.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=157}} It is an account of man versus nature, yet inside that story is one more story about a man's pride and unreadiness to acknowledge nature for what it is. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} At the point when the man dismisses the law of nature, the discipline managed out naturally is serious. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=156}} The punishment of death comes to about because of attempting to stay away from it. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=158}} There is a big contrast between the information and that man has and the information he ought to have had.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}}<br />
<br />
<br />
The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}<br />
<br />
Critic Donald Pizer explains how the limit of individualism is a key theme in this story. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=219}} The protagonist of the novel frequently claims his ability to travel alone and feels he can survive the harsh winter conditions. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=220}} Despite the cautions of the old man at Sulphur Creek, he refuses to travel with a companion, which ultimately leads to his death. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=221}}The man is unaware of the value of receiving assistance from others and believes that his own abilities will assure his survival. Apart from declining to go with a companion, the man demonstrates independence by dismissing the old man's wisdom and ignoring experience and guidance. The fact that the old man is an American in unfamiliar terrain is one piece of information that we are provided with. Individual freedoms and liberties are prized in American culture, and London's experience exemplifies the risks that these beliefs can engender.<br />
<br />
A theme of "To Build A Fire" by London, is self destruction. The protagonist not only ignores the old-timers warning to travel with a partner, lacks imagination but he is incapable of companionability. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} He traveled alone except for a wolf dog, in which he treated with contempt and hostility. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} Not only by trying to use him to check for faults in the ice, at the end he thought about killing him to warm his hands. The protagonist also contuses to chew tobacco causing a amber beard to form, which later obstructs his his mouth when tries to eat. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=175}} Then we are presented by the repetition of him trying to build a fire and failing again and again at his own despise. first by having the fire blotted out by an avalanche of snow, second, by having his book of Sulphur matches extinguished in one fell, and third by having fire snuffed out by a large piece of moss. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} These failed attempts show that his arrogance and unwillingness to listen to others will lead to his own down fall.<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
"To Build A Fire" was adapted into a multi-award-winning short film in 2016. The making of the film was to celebrate the 100th year anniversary of Jack London. It was directed and written by Fx Goby.{{sfn|Gatrell|2018}}<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Hillier<br />
| first1 = Russell<br />
| date = 2010 <br />
| title = Crystal Beards and Dantean Influence in Jack London's 'To Build a Fire (II)'<br />
| journal = American Literature <br />
| volume = 23<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 172-178<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Pizer<br />
| first1 = Donald<br />
| date = April 2010 <br />
| title = Jack London's "To Build a Fire": How Not To Read Naturalist Fiction<br />
| journal = Philosophy & Literature <br />
| volume = 34<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 218-227<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
* {{cite web |last=Gatrell |first=Henry |title= Short of the Week - To Build a Fire |url=https://oneroomwithaview.com/2018/01/22/short-week-build-fire/ |date=2018 |website= oneroomwithaview.com |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Naturalism]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Build_a_Fire&diff=18239To Build a Fire2021-09-30T01:24:48Z<p>BLeberteau: cited journal</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!--See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]]--><br />
| name = To Build a Fire <br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]<br />
| country =<br />
<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Adventure, short story <br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type = <br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1902, 1908<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===The Man===<br />
The man travels in the Yukon Territories with a husky. He is a “''chechaquo''," or a newcomer,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} making him overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the “facts.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}} <br />
<br />
===The Dog===<br />
The dog is a “big native husky”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} that accompanies the man along on his journey; the dog operates based on instinct.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}<br />
<br />
===The Old-Timer===<br />
Though he only appears in flashbacks, the Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek warns the man about the cold and traveling alone. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=154}}<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically, that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} The Klondike is an area that is a grasping story of the battle of the frozen Yukon trail.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=157}} It is an account of man versus nature, yet inside that story is one more story about a man's pride and unreadiness to acknowledge nature for what it is. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} At the point when the man dismisses the law of nature, the discipline managed out naturally is serious. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=156}} The punishment of death comes to about because of attempting to stay away from it. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=158}} There is a big contrast between the information and that man has and the information he ought to have had.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}}<br />
<br />
<br />
The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}<br />
<br />
Critic Donald Pizer explains how the limit of individualism is a key theme in this story. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=219}} The protagonist of the novel frequently claims his ability to travel alone and feels he can survive the harsh winter conditions. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=220}} Despite the cautions of the old man at Sulphur Creek, he refuses to travel with a companion, which ultimately leads to his death. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=221}}The man is unaware of the value of receiving assistance from others and believes that his own abilities will assure his survival. Apart from declining to go with a companion, the man demonstrates independence by dismissing the old man's wisdom and ignoring experience and guidance. The fact that the old man is an American in unfamiliar terrain is one piece of information that we are provided with. Individual freedoms and liberties are prized in American culture, and London's experience exemplifies the risks that these beliefs can engender.<br />
<br />
A theme of "To Build A Fire" by London, is self destruction. The protagonist not only ignores the old-timers warning to travel with a partner, lacks imagination but he is incapable of companionability. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} He traveled alone except for a wolf dog, in which he treated with contempt and hostility. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} Not only by trying to use him to check for faults in the ice, at the end he thought about killing him to warm his hands. The protagonist also contuses to chew tobacco causing a amber beard to form, which later obstructs his his mouth when tries to eat. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=175}} Then we are presented by the repetition of him trying to build a fire and failing again and again at his own despise. first by having the fire blotted out by an avalanche of snow, second, by having his book of Sulphur matches extinguished in one fell, and third by having fire snuffed out by a large piece of moss. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} These failed attempts show that his arrogance and unwillingness to listen to others will lead to his own down fall.<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
"To Build A Fire" was adapted into a multi-award-winning short film in 2016. The making of the film was to celebrate the 100th year anniversary of Jack London. It was directed and written by Fx Goby.{{sfn|Gatrell|2018}}<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Pizer<br />
| first1 = Donald<br />
| date = April 2010 <br />
| title = Jack London's "To Build a Fire": How Not To Read Naturalist Fiction<br />
| journal = Philosophy & Literature <br />
| volume = 34<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 218-227<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
* {{cite web |last=Gatrell |first=Henry |title= Short of the Week - To Build a Fire |url=https://oneroomwithaview.com/2018/01/22/short-week-build-fire/ |date=2018 |website= oneroomwithaview.com |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Naturalism]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Build_a_Fire&diff=18238To Build a Fire2021-09-30T01:24:39Z<p>BLeberteau: cited journal</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!--See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]]--><br />
| name = To Build a Fire <br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]<br />
| country =<br />
<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Adventure, short story <br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type = <br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1902, 1908<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===The Man===<br />
The man travels in the Yukon Territories with a husky. He is a “''chechaquo''," or a newcomer,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} making him overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the “facts.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}} <br />
<br />
===The Dog===<br />
The dog is a “big native husky”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} that accompanies the man along on his journey; the dog operates based on instinct.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}<br />
<br />
===The Old-Timer===<br />
Though he only appears in flashbacks, the Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek warns the man about the cold and traveling alone. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=154}}<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically, that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} The Klondike is an area that is a grasping story of the battle of the frozen Yukon trail.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=157}} It is an account of man versus nature, yet inside that story is one more story about a man's pride and unreadiness to acknowledge nature for what it is. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} At the point when the man dismisses the law of nature, the discipline managed out naturally is serious. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=156}} The punishment of death comes to about because of attempting to stay away from it. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=158}} There is a big contrast between the information and that man has and the information he ought to have had.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}}<br />
<br />
<br />
The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}<br />
<br />
Critic Donald Pizer explains how the limit of individualism is a key theme in this story. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=219}} The protagonist of the novel frequently claims his ability to travel alone and feels he can survive the harsh winter conditions. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=220}} Despite the cautions of the old man at Sulphur Creek, he refuses to travel with a companion, which ultimately leads to his death. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=221}}The man is unaware of the value of receiving assistance from others and believes that his own abilities will assure his survival. Apart from declining to go with a companion, the man demonstrates independence by dismissing the old man's wisdom and ignoring experience and guidance. The fact that the old man is an American in unfamiliar terrain is one piece of information that we are provided with. Individual freedoms and liberties are prized in American culture, and London's experience exemplifies the risks that these beliefs can engender.<br />
<br />
A theme of "To Build A Fire" by London, is self destruction. The protagonist not only ignores the old-timers warning to travel with a partner, lacks imagination but he is incapable of companionability. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} He traveled alone except for a wolf dog, in which he treated with contempt and hostility. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} Not only by trying to use him to check for faults in the ice, at the end he thought about killing him to warm his hands. The protagonist also contuses to chew tobacco causing a amber beard to form, which later obstructs his his mouth when tries to eat. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=175}} Then we are presented by the repetition of him trying to build a fire and failing again and again at his own despise. first by having the fire blotted out by an avalanche of snow, second, by having his book of Sulphur matches extinguished in one fell, and third by having fire snuffed out by a large piece of moss. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} These failed attempts show that his arrogance and unwillingness to listen to others will lead to his own down fall.<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
"To Build A Fire" was adapted into a multi-award-winning short film in 2016. The making of the film was to celebrate the 100th year anniversary of Jack London. It was directed and written by Fx Goby.{{sfn|Gatrell|2018}}<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Hillier<br />
| first1 = Russell<br />
| date = 2010 <br />
| title = Crystal Beards and Dantean Influence in Jack London's 'To Build a Fire (II)'<br />
| journal = American Literature <br />
| volume = 23<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| pages = 172-178<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Pizer<br />
| first1 = Donald<br />
| date = April 2010 <br />
| title = Jack London's "To Build a Fire": How Not To Read Naturalist Fiction<br />
| journal = Philosophy & Literature <br />
| volume = 34<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 218-227<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
* {{cite web |last=Gatrell |first=Henry |title= Short of the Week - To Build a Fire |url=https://oneroomwithaview.com/2018/01/22/short-week-build-fire/ |date=2018 |website= oneroomwithaview.com |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Naturalism]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Build_a_Fire&diff=18237To Build a Fire2021-09-30T01:20:19Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Major Themes */ added theme</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!--See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]]--><br />
| name = To Build a Fire <br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]<br />
| country =<br />
<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Adventure, short story <br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type = <br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1902, 1908<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===The Man===<br />
The man travels in the Yukon Territories with a husky. He is a “''chechaquo''," or a newcomer,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} making him overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the “facts.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}} <br />
<br />
===The Dog===<br />
The dog is a “big native husky”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} that accompanies the man along on his journey; the dog operates based on instinct.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}<br />
<br />
===The Old-Timer===<br />
Though he only appears in flashbacks, the Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek warns the man about the cold and traveling alone. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=154}}<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically, that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} The Klondike is an area that is a grasping story of the battle of the frozen Yukon trail.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=157}} It is an account of man versus nature, yet inside that story is one more story about a man's pride and unreadiness to acknowledge nature for what it is. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}} At the point when the man dismisses the law of nature, the discipline managed out naturally is serious. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=156}} The punishment of death comes to about because of attempting to stay away from it. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=158}} There is a big contrast between the information and that man has and the information he ought to have had.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}}<br />
<br />
<br />
The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}<br />
<br />
Critic Donald Pizer explains how the limit of individualism is a key theme in this story. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=219}} The protagonist of the novel frequently claims his ability to travel alone and feels he can survive the harsh winter conditions. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=220}} Despite the cautions of the old man at Sulphur Creek, he refuses to travel with a companion, which ultimately leads to his death. {{sfn|Pizer|2010|p=221}}The man is unaware of the value of receiving assistance from others and believes that his own abilities will assure his survival. Apart from declining to go with a companion, the man demonstrates independence by dismissing the old man's wisdom and ignoring experience and guidance. The fact that the old man is an American in unfamiliar terrain is one piece of information that we are provided with. Individual freedoms and liberties are prized in American culture, and London's experience exemplifies the risks that these beliefs can engender.<br />
<br />
A theme of "To Build A Fire" by London, is self destruction. The protagonist not only ignores the old-timers warning to travel with a partner, lacks imagination but he is incapable of companionability. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} He traveled alone except for a wolf dog, in which he treated with contempt and hostility. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} Not only by trying to use him to check for faults in the ice, at the end he thought about killing him to warm his hands. The protagonist also contuses to chew tobacco causing a amber beard to form, which later obstructs his his mouth when tries to eat. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=175}} Then we are presented by the repetition of him trying to build a fire and failing again and again at his own despise. first by having the fire blotted out by an avalanche of snow, second, by having his book of Sulphur matches extinguished in one fell, and third by having fire snuffed out by a large piece of moss. {{sfn|Hillier|2010|p=173}} These failed attempts show that his arrogance and unwillingness to listen to others will lead to his own down fall.<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
"To Build A Fire" was adapted into a multi-award-winning short film in 2016. The making of the film was to celebrate the 100th year anniversary of Jack London. It was directed and written by Fx Goby.{{sfn|Gatrell|2018}}<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Pizer<br />
| first1 = Donald<br />
| date = April 2010 <br />
| title = Jack London's "To Build a Fire": How Not To Read Naturalist Fiction<br />
| journal = Philosophy & Literature <br />
| volume = 34<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 218-227<br />
}}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
* {{cite web |last=Gatrell |first=Henry |title= Short of the Week - To Build a Fire |url=https://oneroomwithaview.com/2018/01/22/short-week-build-fire/ |date=2018 |website= oneroomwithaview.com |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Naturalism]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Build_a_Fire/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18232To Build a Fire/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-29T21:54:45Z<p>BLeberteau: added annotated bibliography</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
*{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Bowen<br />
| first1 = James<br />
| date = Winter 1971<br />
| title = Jack London's "To Build a Fire": Epistemology and the White Wilderness<br />
| journal = Western American Literature <br />
| volume = 5<br />
| issue = 4<br />
| page = 287-289<br />
}} The dog's survival in "To Build a Fire," symbolically reflects London's idea that man should, sometimes, rely on his intuition truths rather than his intellectual cognitive processes. He appears to suggest that animals live by instinct, individuals with low mental capacity fail, and human beings who use good judgment, balanced by emotional insights, overcome a harsh environment. He had a problem in that he lacked imagination. In the simple things in life, he was quick and vigilant, but only in these things, not in the significances. Rather than representing the victory of instinct over reason, London offers a third choice as a new perspective on human existence. In this case, it would be the old timer from Sulphur Creek.<br />
*{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Hillier<br />
| first1 = Russell<br />
| date = 2010<br />
| title = Crystal Beards and Dantean Influence in Jack London's 'To Build a Fire (II)'<br />
| journal = American Literature <br />
| volume = 23<br />
| issue = 3<br />
| page = 172-178<br />
}} In the article Hillier explores the idea that the intense cold that defeats the protagonist is a attribute to Hell and the raging fire. Hillier compares the various different times the protagonist tried to build a fire, to the punishments that sinners must suffer in Dante's nine cycles of Hell. The burning of his hand with matches and the numbing cold is his punishment for the man's sins. To conclude, Hillier describes the "ice muzzle" around his mouth as the final cycle of hell. His attitude towards others, nature, and being overly confident is what ultimately destroys him in the end of the story.<br />
*{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Pizer<br />
| first1 = Donald<br />
| date = April 2010<br />
| title = Jack London's 'To Build a Fire': How Not to Read Naturalist Fiction<br />
| journal = Johns Hopkins University Press<br />
| volume = 34<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| page = 218-227<br />
}} Mitchell's travels alone to prove his case that "To Build a Fire" communicates the naturalistic reason that man lives in a world that denies him the possibility to travel alone. It is mid-winter in the Arctic during a cold day, that the man is traveling alone. The storyteller is deciding on this choice because of his record of the setting and the idea of the man. The man didn't stress about the shortfall of the sun, since he realizes that it will return in a couple of days. However, we understand very quickly, the man has just a piece of shallow information on the Arctic. As he remains on the bank of the Yukon. He has almost not seen the outrageous danger presented by the cold. This is his first winter. Afterward, the man likewise knows the reality that the sun will return, that it is fifty degrees under nothing, yet he doesn't have the smartest idea about the significance of this reality that it predicts passing for any individual who makes himself defenseless against its capacity to kill.</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=To_Build_a_Fire&diff=18162To Build a Fire2021-09-13T15:59:13Z<p>BLeberteau: Added characters</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story <!--See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Novels]]--><br />
| name = To Build a Fire <br />
| image = <br />
| caption = <br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]<br />
| country =<br />
<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Adventure, short story <br />
| published_in = <br />
| publication_type = <br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1902, 1908<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly describe distinctive characteristics of the work, major themes, awards, and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]] (WP:LEAD) for guidelines. --><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
<!-- Brief summary of the plot --><br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===The Man===<br />
The man is the protagonist of the story. He is described as a "Chechaqo" meaning he is a newcomer to the land. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} He is overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the "facts".{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}<br />
<br />
===The Dog===<br />
The dog is described as a "big native Huskey", meaning he was accustomed to the land and weather. {{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} He follows the man along on his journey. We learn he is instinctive and knows it is too cold for traveling.<br />
<br />
===The Old-Timer===<br />
The Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek who warns the man about the cold and traveling alone.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
<!-- thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars) --><br />
A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}<br />
<br />
The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}<br />
<br />
==Development History==<br />
<!-- history of the work's development, if available (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]'') --><br />
<br />
===Publication History===<br />
<!--*year, country, publisher, Pub date DD Month Year, binding; major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Work's Title===<br />
<!-- Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious (e.g., ''[[Things Fall Apart]]''); be sure to support with sources --><br />
<br />
==Literary Significance and Reception==<br />
<!-- description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception --><br />
<br />
==Awards and Nominations==<br />
<!-- lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief --><br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
<!-- references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable --><br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
<!-- in-text citations should use shortened footnotes; see [[Help:Contents]] --><br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
<!-- use citation templates and begin each with a bullet; in alphabetical order by author's last name; each should go between the {{Refbegin}} and {{Refend}} tags --><br />
* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
==External Links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the work and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about the work--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]] <!-- Literary | Composition | New Media | etc. --><br />
[[Category:20th Century]] <!-- 19th Century | BCE | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Naturalism]] <!-- Romanticism | World War I | Contemporary | etc. --><br />
[[Category:Short Stories]] <!-- Drama | Poetry | Prose | Songs | etc. --></div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Indian_Camp/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18161Indian Camp/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-13T15:34:45Z<p>BLeberteau: edited "you", typos, added sentences and removed first two sentences</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| first = Donald A<br />
| last = Daiker<br />
| year = Spring 2016<br />
| title = In Defence of Hemingway's Doctor Adams: The Case for 'Indian Camp'<br />
| journal = The Hemingway Review <br />
| volume = 35<br />
| issue = 2<br />
| pages = 55-69<br />
}} The story gives impression of Dr. Adam's as a man who cannot care for the women and just do his job. This journal article proves that Dr. Adam's save the life of Indian women and her baby by performing the operation as there is no other medical help available at that time, if he cannot do the operation the women and her baby die. Some readers blame Dr. Adam's for performing the operation as he didn't have any medical instrument's but at the end both mother and baby is fine and in noon a nurse arrives with all medical supplies. Dr. Adam's said, "her screams are not important" is a form of self-discipline which establish emotional distance between doctor and patient.<br />
<br />
* {{Cite book | last =Hays | first =Peter | date ={{date|2013}} | chapter = Teaching 'Indian Camp' | title = Fifty Years of Hemingway Criticism | editor-last = Hays | editor-first = Peter | publisher = Scarecrow Press| pages = 207-211}} In the book the author has a chapter on "Indian Camp" where he explains that it is a story about lessons being learned and how a character has a growth experience. The character being Nick, a young boy whose father is Dr. Adams. Nick is brought along to witness the birth of a child in a barbaric way. Hays talks about the shock the boy went through and how that led to his growth experience at the end. The author also explores how the Indians were being treated during this time by the Americans and the state in which they were living. Furthermore, Hays brings to our attention the possibility of Uncle George being the father of the child and how he came to that conclusion. Hays walks the reader through the characters' actions and explains the true meaning behind the story, sharing details that can help the reader better understand the text.<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Tyler<br />
| first1 = Lisa<br />
| date = January 1, 2006<br />
| title = Dangerous Families and Intimate Harm in Hemingway's 'Indian Camp'<br />
| journal = Texas Studies in Literature and Language<br />
| volume = 48<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| page = 18<br />
}} “Indian Camp,” described as one of the best in the collection, dramatizes what appears to be Adams' first confrontation with profound personal suffering. In Our Time, Hemingway explores men's responses. Human and animal suffering, and especially women's suffering, affect their characters. The child who cannot separate cannot see another suffering and replaces attentive love with fantasy. Nick never has the chance to learn how to reciprocate, to see his mother’s suffering in a way that would have made her feel compassion for him.<br />
<br />
*{{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Adair<br />
| first1 = William<br />
| date = Winter 1991<br />
| title = A Source for Hemmingway's 'Indian Camp'<br />
| journal = Texas Studies in Literature and Language<br />
| volume = 28<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| page = 93-95<br />
}} Nick Adams was inspired to create Indian Camp by witnessing a lady giving birth during the Greco-Turkish War. Hemmingway had a similar experience, but the only similarities include that the husband was present, the birth was performed in a raw setting, and a terrified child was present. The two men have the same tale structure, but their scenarios are different. Nick wonders at the end of the story if death was difficult, much as Hemmingway contemplated suicide.<br />
{{Refend}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Bibliographies]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Indian_Camp&diff=18160Indian Camp2021-09-13T15:13:14Z<p>BLeberteau: Add footnotes for my cite</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Indian Camp<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Hemingway]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Fiction<br />
| published_in = ''Transatlantic Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1924<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Indian Camp”''' is a 1924 short story by Ernest Hemingway.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Nick===<br />
Nick is a young boy who goes on a trip with his dad to an Indian Camp. He has no idea of what he is going to encounter when he arrives because his father did not tell him where they were going or why. The story is based on Nick's experiences at the Indian Camp.<br />
<br />
===Nick's father===<br />
Nick's father is a doctor who goes to the Indian Camp to help a young Indian woman give birth to her baby. Towards Nick he is very caring and he seems to be a good father.<br />
<br />
===Uncle George===<br />
Uncle George goes along with Nick and his father to the Indian Camp. He doesn't seem to be as nice and caring as Nick's father. The narrator of the story gives the reader the impression that he doesn't have any sort of attachments, and shows up whenever he wants to. Textual evidence suggests that George might be the baby’s father.<br />
<br />
===Young Indian Woman===<br />
The young Indian woman has been in labor for two days. Her baby is not turned correctly and Nick's father, the doctor, must operate on her. The doctor performs a Caesarian with a joack-knife and then sews her up with nine-foot, tapered gut leaders. She is took weak to see her baby after it is born.<br />
<br />
===Indian Woman's Husband===<br />
The story in the textbook presents the husband as a helpless man who is deeply pained by his wife's screaming. He is unable to provide help which she needs. At the end, he cuts his own throat with a razor for some reason which never been known.(40)<br />
<br />
===Native Americans===<br />
They are described by their action of helping the white man when requires. There is no specific names for them in the story.(10,20)<br />
<br />
==Metaphors==<br />
Nick and his father set out for the Indian Camp during the nighttime and come back during the day. This is a [[metaphor]] for Nick not knowing what he is going to encounter and then coming out of the whole situation by learning a few life lessons. "Other metaphoric relationships (father and son, white man and Indian, middle-class and poor) serve important purposes in this compelling story"(34).<br />
<br />
The story starts by covering Nick and different characters in the corner of the night as they plan for their excursion. For Nick, this excursion is into the obscure, at last, to observe birth and death. The story builds up the comparability between birth and passing by portraying both as vicious. The lady in the story is in pain because her child is brought into the world in a breech position, and for quite a long time she has been suffering. While her shouts are agonizing, Nick's dad recommends that this aggravation is a characteristic piece of the birthing process. Besides, since she can't convey the child normally, Nick's dad works on her without the sedative. When she delivers the child, Nick's dad keeps an eye on the man in the top bunk, he tracks down a horrifying scene, the man had cut his throat. It appears to be while watching the woman giving birth made him kill himself, the birth and death is a metaphor.(28-31)(34)<br />
<br />
== Plot Summary ==<br />
“Indian Camp” is a narrative about a child named Nick going on a journey to experience the aspects of life and death. Nick’s father has been requested to help an Indian lady who has been in painful labor for two days. His father takes his son, Nick, and his brother, George, to witness the birth of a child. The woman in labor is located on an island. She’s sheltered in a shanty, laying on a wooden bunk bed. The father delivers the baby in a horrendous way, causing suffering to the lady throughout the process. Afterward, the father discovers that the woman's husband committed suicide by slitting his throat. Nick witnesses the whole situation. During the journey back home, Nick asks his father questions about the incidents, and His father explains to him what happened. After the conversation, Nick begins to have the sensibility of bravery and immortality. He feels, “that he would never die”.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
One major [[theme]] of this story is how Nick matured after he witnessed both life and death.{{cn}} He went into the camp as being a young inexperienced boy and came out being confused about death. The trip started out as just being a doctor with his son going into an Indian camp to deliver a baby. Not only does he learn about new life by watching the woman give birth, he learns that sometimes women go through great pain. Women can sometimes have difficulty having children. One of these reasons could be because the baby is not turned the correct way. His father explains to him that babies should be born head first and that when they are not it can cause trouble for everybody. [29] <br />
<br />
While they were there, the baby's father committed suicide. Nick witnessed birth and death on this trip. He came out with questions about life and death he would have never had before. Although Nick did mature a great deal, he is still young and doesn't fully understand everything he witnessed. ". . .he felt quite sure he would never die"(31). Nick doesn't yet understand that everyone has to die at some point in their life.{{cn}}<br />
<br />
Another theme of the story was how the doctor treated the Indians in the story. He was very caring towards Nick, but when it came to the Indians he acted as if they had no feelings. "But her screams are not important. I don't hear them because they are not important"(29). He didn't seem to care that he was in terrible pain and just continued with the surgery. <br />
<br />
The point of a white doctor being called to aid the Indians helps push the notion that Western medicine had also advanced to the point that it's seemingly leaving Indian practices at the time obsolete.{{cn}}<br />
<br />
There is also the father and son theme. The father have wish to educate his son, his son understood very well and also at the end asking questions instead of just receive his father's information." Do ladies always have such a hard time having babies, why did he kill himself Daddy, is dying hard?"(55,60)<br />
<br />
The story gives Nick two options for reacting to ladies' torment-and the experience in this story is suffering. The primary option is to relate to the lady, as the Indian's better half decides to do. He feels for her so that he can presently don't bear her aggravation and closures his life.' Hemingway makes it her experiencing that inconveniences the man.{{sfn|Tyler|2006|p=38}}<br />
<br />
A theme of “Indian Camp” is growth.{{sfn|Hays|2013|p=207}} Nick and his father Dr. Adams are on vacation, when he is called to have a women deliver a child. Dr. Adams decides to bring his son who we can tell is preadolescent to witness his work. We know this about Nick because, “Nick’s willingness to have his father on the ride across the lake, contact teenagers are more likely to eschew.”{{sfn|Hays|2013|p=208}}<br />
This would be shocking for anyone to watch, especially a young boy. At the beginning before the operation begins Nick is asking questions about what is happening to the Indian women. By the end of it we see Nick’s “Looking away so as not to see what his father was doing,” “indicates his attempt to shut his eyes to what he has already witnessed.”{{sfn|Hays|2013|p=209}}<br />
There is no telling what it would do to a child to see his father operate in those conditions and all while being asked to assist. After doing so, they go to check on the father, to discover he is dead after committing suicide. This provided another “shock to the boy and adding to the quick birth-to-death cycle.”{{sfn|Hays|2013|p=209}} At the end of the story Nick is no longer clinging to his father on the way back to the camp showing he is no longer the scared boy clinging to his father, like he was before.{{sfn|Hays|2013|p=210}}<br />
<br />
== Citations ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{Cite book | last =Hays | first =Peter | date ={{date|2013}} | chapter = Teaching 'Indian Camp' | title = Fifty Years of Hemingway Criticism | editor-last = Hays | editor-first = Peter | publisher = Scarecrow Press| pages = 207-210 }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Hemingway | first = Ernest | date = 2002 | chapter = Indian Camp | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages = 28–31 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Robinson |first=Daniel |title=Cultural Appropriation, Acculturation, and Fatherhood: A Reading of ‘Indian Camp’ |url= |journal=CEAMagazine: A Journal of the College English Association |volume=28 |issue= |date={{date|2020}} |pages=39-50 |access-date= }}<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Tyler<br />
| first1 = Lisa<br />
| date = January 1, 2006<br />
| title = Dangerous Families and Intimate Harm in Hemingway's 'Indian Camp'<br />
| journal = Texas Studies in Literature and Language<br />
| volume = 48<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| pages = 37-53<br />
}}</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Indian_Camp/Annotated_Bibliography&diff=18141Indian Camp/Annotated Bibliography2021-09-11T00:55:04Z<p>BLeberteau: added annotated bibliography</p>
<hr />
<div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last = Donald A<br />
| first = Daiker<br />
| year = Spring 2016<br />
| title = In Defence of Hemingway's Doctor Adams: The Case for 'Indian Camp'<br />
| journal = The Hemingway Review <br />
| volume = 35<br />
| issue = 2<br />
| pages = 55-69<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The story gives impression of Dr. Adam's as a man who cannot care for the women and just do his job. This journal article proves that Dr. Adam's save the life of Indian women and her baby by performing the operation as there is no other medical help available at that time, if he cannot do the operation the women and her baby die. Some readers blame Dr. Adam's for performing the operation as he didn't have any medical instrument's but at the end both mother and baby is fine and in noon a nurse arrives with all medical supplies. Dr. Adam's said, "her screams are not important" is a form of self-discipline which establish emotional distance between doctor and patient.<br />
<br />
* {{cite journal<br />
| last1 = Tyler<br />
| first1 = Lisa<br />
| date = January 1, 2006<br />
| title = Dangerous Families and Intimate Harm in Hemingway's 'Indian Camp'<br />
| journal = Texas Studies in Literature and Language<br />
| volume = 48<br />
| issue = 1<br />
| page = 18;<br />
}}<br />
<br />
“Indian Camp,” described as one of the best in the collection, dramatizes what appears to be Adams' first confrontation with profound personal suffering. In Our Time, Hemingway explores men's responses. Human and animal suffering, and especially women's suffering, affect their characters. The child who cannot separate cannot see another suffering and replaces attentive love with fantasy. Nick never has the chance to learn how to reciprocate, to see his mother’s suffering in a way that would have made her feel compassion for him.<br />
<br />
{{Cite book | last =Hays | first =Peter | date ={{date|2013}} | chapter = Teaching 'Indian Camp' | title = Fifty Years of Hemingway Criticism | editor-last = Hays | editor-first = Peter | publisher = Scarecrow Press| pages = 207-211}}<br />
<br />
The book is composed of a couple of Hemingway's stories. The author uses these stories to give you insight on details you might've missed when reading Hemingway's stories. In the book the author has a chapter on "Indian Camp" were he explains that it is a story about lessons being learned and how a character has a growth experience. The author also explores how the Indians were being treated during this time by the Americans and just the state in which they were living. He walks you through the characters actions and explains the true meaning behind the story, giving you details that can help you better understand the reading.</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Indian_Camp&diff=18128Indian Camp2021-09-08T15:13:07Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Works Cited */ added cite</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Indian Camp<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Hemingway]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Fiction<br />
| published_in = ''Transatlantic Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1924<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Indian Camp”''' is a 1924 short story by Ernest Hemingway.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Nick===<br />
Nick is a young boy who goes on a trip with his dad to an Indian Camp. He has no idea of what he is going to encounter when he arrives because his father did not tell him where they were going or why. The story is based on Nick's experiences at the Indian Camp.<br />
<br />
===Nick's father===<br />
Nick's father is a doctor who goes to the Indian Camp to help a young Indian woman give birth to her baby. Towards Nick he is very caring and he seems to be a good father.<br />
<br />
===Uncle George===<br />
Uncle George goes along with Nick and his father to the Indian Camp. He doesn't seem to be as nice and caring as Nick's father. The narrator of the story gives the reader the impression that he doesn't have any sort of attachments, and shows up whenever he wants to. Textual evidence suggests that George might be the baby’s father.<br />
<br />
===Young Indian Woman===<br />
The young Indian woman has been in labor for two days. Her baby is not turned correctly and Nick's father, the doctor, must operate on her. The doctor performs a Caesarian with a joack-knife and then sews her up with nine-foot, tapered gut leaders. She is took weak to see her baby after it is born.<br />
<br />
===Indian Woman's Husband===<br />
The story in the textbook presents the husband as a helpless man who is deeply pained by his wife's screaming. He is unable to provide help which she needs. At the end, he cuts his own throat with a razor for some reason which never been known.(40)<br />
<br />
===Native Americans===<br />
They are described by their action of helping the white man when requires. There is no specific names for them in the story.(10,20)<br />
<br />
==Metaphors==<br />
Nick and his father set out for the Indian Camp during the nighttime and come back during the day. This is a [[metaphor]] for Nick not knowing what he is going to encounter and then coming out of the whole situation by learning a few life lessons. "Other metaphoric relationships (father and son, white man and Indian, middle-class and poor) serve important purposes in this compelling story"(34).<br />
<br />
The story starts by covering Nick and different characters in the corner of the night as they plan for their excursion. For Nick, this excursion is into the obscure, at last, to observe birth and death. The story builds up the comparability between birth and passing by portraying both as vicious. The lady in the story is in pain because her child is brought into the world in a breech position, and for quite a long time she has been suffering. While her shouts are agonizing, Nick's dad recommends that this aggravation is a characteristic piece of the birthing process. Besides, since she can't convey the child normally, Nick's dad works on her without the sedative. When she delivers the child, Nick's dad keeps an eye on the man in the top bunk, he tracks down a horrifying scene, the man had cut his throat. It appears to be while watching the woman giving birth made him kill himself, the birth and death is a metaphor.(28-31)(34)<br />
<br />
== Plot Summary ==<br />
“Indian Camp” is a narrative about a child named Nick going on a journey to experience the aspects of life and death. Nick’s father has been requested to help an Indian lady who has been in painful labor for two days. His father takes his son, Nick, and his brother, George, to witness the birth of a child. The woman in labor is located on an island. She’s sheltered in a shanty, laying on a wooden bunk bed. The father delivers the baby in a horrendous way, causing suffering to the lady throughout the process. Afterward, the father discovers that the woman's husband committed suicide by slitting his throat. Nick witnesses the whole situation. During the journey back home, Nick asks his father questions about the incidents, and His father explains to him what happened. After the conversation, Nick begins to have the sensibility of bravery and immortality. He feels, “that he would never die”.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
One major [[theme]] of this story is how Nick matured after he witnessed both life and death.{{cn}} He went into the camp as being a young inexperienced boy and came out being confused about death. The trip started out as just being a doctor with his son going into an Indian camp to deliver a baby. Not only does he learn about new life by watching the woman give birth, he learns that sometimes women go through great pain. Women can sometimes have difficulty having children. One of these reasons could be because the baby is not turned the correct way. His father explains to him that babies should be born head first and that when they are not it can cause trouble for everybody. [29] <br />
<br />
While they were there, the baby's father committed suicide. Nick witnessed birth and death on this trip. He came out with questions about life and death he would have never had before. Although Nick did mature a great deal, he is still young and doesn't fully understand everything he witnessed. ". . .he felt quite sure he would never die"(31). Nick doesn't yet understand that everyone has to die at some point in their life.{{cn}}<br />
<br />
Another theme of the story was how the doctor treated the Indians in the story. He was very caring towards Nick, but when it came to the Indians he acted as if they had no feelings. "But her screams are not important. I don't hear them because they are not important"(29). He didn't seem to care that he was in terrible pain and just continued with the surgery. <br />
<br />
The point of a white doctor being called to aid the Indians helps push the notion that Western medicine had also advanced to the point that it's seemingly leaving Indian practices at the time obsolete.{{cn}}<br />
<br />
There is also the father and son theme. The father have wish to educate his son, his son understood very well and also at the end asking questions instead of just receive his father's information." Do ladies always have such a hard time having babies, why did he kill himself Daddy, is dying hard?"(55,60)<br />
<br />
The story gives Nick two options for reacting to ladies' torment-and the experience in this story is suffering. The primary option is to relate to the lady, as the Indian's better half decides to do. He feels for her so that he can presently don't bear her aggravation and closures his life.' Hemingway makes it her experiencing that inconveniences the man.{{sfn|Tyler, Lisa|2006|p=38}}<br />
<br />
A theme of “Indian Camp” is growth. Nick and his father Dr. Adams are on vacation, when he is called to have a women deliver a child. Dr. Adams decides to bring his son who we can tell is preadolescent to witness his work. We know this about Nick because, “Nick’s willingness to have his father on the ride across the lake, contact teenagers are more likely to eschew.” This would be shocking for anyone to watch, especially a young boy. At the beginning before the operation begins Nick is asking questions about what is happing to the Indian women. By the end of it we see Nick’s “Looking away so as not to see what his father was doing,” “indicates his attempt to shut his eyes to what he has already witnessed.” There is no telling what it would do to a child to see his father operate in those conditions and all while being asked to assist. After doing so, they go to check on the father, to discover he is dead after committing suicide. This provided another “shock to the boy and adding to the quick birth-to-death cycle.” At the end of the story nick is no longer clinging to his father on the way back to the camp. This shows that Nick leaving the camp is no longer the scared boy clinging to his father, like he was before.<br />
<br />
== Citations ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Hemingway | first = Ernest | date = 2002 | chapter = Indian Camp | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages = 28–31 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Robinson |first=Daniel |title=Cultural Appropriation, Acculturation, and Fatherhood: A Reading of ‘Indian Camp’ |url= |journal=CEAMagazine: A Journal of the College English Association |volume=28 |issue= |date={{date|2020}} |pages=39-50 |access-date= |ref=harv }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Hays | first = Peter | date = 2013 | chapter = Teaching "Indian Camp" | title = Fifty Years Of Hemingway Criticism | editor-last = Hays | editor-first = Peter | publisher = Scarecrow Press| pages = 207-210 }}</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Indian_Camp&diff=18126Indian Camp2021-09-08T15:02:52Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Major Themes */ added theme explanation</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Indian Camp<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Hemingway]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Fiction<br />
| published_in = ''Transatlantic Review''<br />
| publication_type =<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1924<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''“Indian Camp”''' is a 1924 short story by Ernest Hemingway.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Nick===<br />
Nick is a young boy who goes on a trip with his dad to an Indian Camp. He has no idea of what he is going to encounter when he arrives because his father did not tell him where they were going or why. The story is based on Nick's experiences at the Indian Camp.<br />
<br />
===Nick's father===<br />
Nick's father is a doctor who goes to the Indian Camp to help a young Indian woman give birth to her baby. Towards Nick he is very caring and he seems to be a good father.<br />
<br />
===Uncle George===<br />
Uncle George goes along with Nick and his father to the Indian Camp. He doesn't seem to be as nice and caring as Nick's father. The narrator of the story gives the reader the impression that he doesn't have any sort of attachments, and shows up whenever he wants to. Textual evidence suggests that George might be the baby’s father.<br />
<br />
===Young Indian Woman===<br />
The young Indian woman has been in labor for two days. Her baby is not turned correctly and Nick's father, the doctor, must operate on her. The doctor performs a Caesarian with a joack-knife and then sews her up with nine-foot, tapered gut leaders. She is took weak to see her baby after it is born.<br />
<br />
===Indian Woman's Husband===<br />
The story in the textbook presents the husband as a helpless man who is deeply pained by his wife's screaming. He is unable to provide help which she needs. At the end, he cuts his own throat with a razor for some reason which never been known.(40)<br />
<br />
===Native Americans===<br />
They are described by their action of helping the white man when requires. There is no specific names for them in the story.(10,20)<br />
<br />
==Metaphors==<br />
Nick and his father set out for the Indian Camp during the nighttime and come back during the day. This is a [[metaphor]] for Nick not knowing what he is going to encounter and then coming out of the whole situation by learning a few life lessons. "Other metaphoric relationships (father and son, white man and Indian, middle-class and poor) serve important purposes in this compelling story"(34).<br />
<br />
The story starts by covering Nick and different characters in the corner of the night as they plan for their excursion. For Nick, this excursion is into the obscure, at last, to observe birth and death. The story builds up the comparability between birth and passing by portraying both as vicious. The lady in the story is in pain because her child is brought into the world in a breech position, and for quite a long time she has been suffering. While her shouts are agonizing, Nick's dad recommends that this aggravation is a characteristic piece of the birthing process. Besides, since she can't convey the child normally, Nick's dad works on her without the sedative. When she delivers the child, Nick's dad keeps an eye on the man in the top bunk, he tracks down a horrifying scene, the man had cut his throat. It appears to be while watching the woman giving birth made him kill himself, the birth and death is a metaphor.(28-31)(34)<br />
<br />
== Plot Summary ==<br />
“Indian Camp” is a narrative about a child named Nick going on a journey to experience the aspects of life and death. Nick’s father has been requested to help an Indian lady who has been in painful labor for two days. His father takes his son, Nick, and his brother, George, to witness the birth of a child. The woman in labor is located on an island. She’s sheltered in a shanty, laying on a wooden bunk bed. The father delivers the baby in a horrendous way, causing suffering to the lady throughout the process. Afterward, the father discovers that the woman's husband committed suicide by slitting his throat. Nick witnesses the whole situation. During the journey back home, Nick asks his father questions about the incidents, and His father explains to him what happened. After the conversation, Nick begins to have the sensibility of bravery and immortality. He feels, “that he would never die”.<br />
<br />
==Major Themes==<br />
One major [[theme]] of this story is how Nick matured after he witnessed both life and death.{{cn}} He went into the camp as being a young inexperienced boy and came out being confused about death. The trip started out as just being a doctor with his son going into an Indian camp to deliver a baby. Not only does he learn about new life by watching the woman give birth, he learns that sometimes women go through great pain. Women can sometimes have difficulty having children. One of these reasons could be because the baby is not turned the correct way. His father explains to him that babies should be born head first and that when they are not it can cause trouble for everybody. [29] <br />
<br />
While they were there, the baby's father committed suicide. Nick witnessed birth and death on this trip. He came out with questions about life and death he would have never had before. Although Nick did mature a great deal, he is still young and doesn't fully understand everything he witnessed. ". . .he felt quite sure he would never die"(31). Nick doesn't yet understand that everyone has to die at some point in their life.{{cn}}<br />
<br />
Another theme of the story was how the doctor treated the Indians in the story. He was very caring towards Nick, but when it came to the Indians he acted as if they had no feelings. "But her screams are not important. I don't hear them because they are not important"(29). He didn't seem to care that he was in terrible pain and just continued with the surgery. <br />
<br />
The point of a white doctor being called to aid the Indians helps push the notion that Western medicine had also advanced to the point that it's seemingly leaving Indian practices at the time obsolete.{{cn}}<br />
<br />
There is also the father and son theme. The father have wish to educate his son, his son understood very well and also at the end asking questions instead of just receive his father's information." Do ladies always have such a hard time having babies, why did he kill himself Daddy, is dying hard?"(55,60)<br />
<br />
The story gives Nick two options for reacting to ladies' torment-and the experience in this story is suffering. The primary option is to relate to the lady, as the Indian's better half decides to do. He feels for her so that he can presently don't bear her aggravation and closures his life.' Hemingway makes it her experiencing that inconveniences the man.{{sfn|Tyler, Lisa|2006|p=38}}<br />
<br />
A theme of “Indian Camp” is growth. Nick and his father Dr. Adams are on vacation, when he is called to have a women deliver a child. Dr. Adams decides to bring his son who we can tell is preadolescent to witness his work. We know this about Nick because, “Nick’s willingness to have his father on the ride across the lake, contact teenagers are more likely to eschew.” This would be shocking for anyone to watch, especially a young boy. At the beginning before the operation begins Nick is asking questions about what is happing to the Indian women. By the end of it we see Nick’s “Looking away so as not to see what his father was doing,” “indicates his attempt to shut his eyes to what he has already witnessed.” There is no telling what it would do to a child to see his father operate in those conditions and all while being asked to assist. After doing so, they go to check on the father, to discover he is dead after committing suicide. This provided another “shock to the boy and adding to the quick birth-to-death cycle.” At the end of the story nick is no longer clinging to his father on the way back to the camp. This shows that Nick leaving the camp is no longer the scared boy clinging to his father, like he was before.<br />
<br />
== Citations ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Works Cited==<br />
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Hemingway | first = Ernest | date = 2002 | chapter = Indian Camp | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages = 28–31 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Robinson |first=Daniel |title=Cultural Appropriation, Acculturation, and Fatherhood: A Reading of ‘Indian Camp’ |url= |journal=CEAMagazine: A Journal of the College English Association |volume=28 |issue= |date={{date|2020}} |pages=39-50 |access-date= |ref=harv }}<br />
{{refend}}</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour&diff=18080The Story of an Hour2021-09-01T15:44:51Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Story's Title */ added citation</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Story of an Hour<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Short Story<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1894<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin that first appeared in ''Vogue'' in 1894.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
Josephine, Louise Mallard's sister receives news of Brently Mallard's death at his job on the railroad and goes to tell her with assistance from Richard, the husband's friend. Josephine, knowing that her sister has a heart disease caused her to become nervous and to talk in broken sentences which gave hints that revealed what happened. After grieving, she realizes that she is “free, free, free!”{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}} Then, her sister gets her out of her room so that she would not become ill. When she got down stairs, her husband Brently stepped through the doors. Richard tried to cover him to keep Louise from being shocked but it was to late, she died of a heart disease.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease. <br />
<br />
'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story. <br />
<br />
'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.<br />
<br />
'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~<br />
<br />
A major theme throughout "The Story Of An Hour," is freedom. Once the hurt and grief of his loss passes over Louise, she realizes that she has the freedom to live her life the way she wants. You can see her moment of realization whenever she says, "free, free, free." She realizes that she is no longer held back by a marriage and has the freedom and independence to do as she pleases.<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the novel's development, if available <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story's Title===<br />
Louise Mallard is told her husband was dead and with that she gained her freedom. Later Louise finds out he is alive and she dies. The character gains her freedom and dies within an hour.{{Sfn|Chopin|2002|p=200}}<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Citations==<br />
{{reflist}}<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}<br />
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the novel and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about novel--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:19th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=The_Story_of_an_Hour&diff=18056The Story of an Hour2021-09-01T01:40:02Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Explanation of the Story's Title */ added title meaning</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = The Story of an Hour<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = Short Story<br />
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1894<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin that first appeared in ''Vogue'' in 1894.<br />
<!-- Expand the lead paragraph above to summarize the article. Briefly <br />
describe distinctive characteristics of the novel, major themes, awards, <br />
and notable adaptations. Do not make any statement that is not expanded <br />
later in another section of the article. See [[Wikipedia:Lead section]]<br />
(WP:LEAD) for guidelines.<br />
--><br />
<br />
==Plot==<br />
~Brief summary of the plot~<br />
<br />
The plot of "The story of an hour" is about a woman who receives bad news only for her to realize it's not as bad as she thought. As she is informed that her husband has just died in a train accident, her initial response is too weep. She wept in her sister's arms with a paralyzed inability to accept its significance. Soon after when the grief wore off, she went to her room to isolate herself and truly think about the news she just heard when she felt a feeling of relief. She realized that this meant she was "free, free, free!". Only then, for her husband to step through the doors and her die of a heart disease.<br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease. <br />
<br />
'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story. <br />
<br />
'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.<br />
<br />
'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.<br />
<br />
==Major themes==<br />
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~<br />
<br />
A major theme throughout "The Story Of An Hour," is freedom. Once the hurt and grief passes over Louise, she realizes that she has the freedom to live her life the way she wants.<br />
<br />
==Development history==<br />
~history of the novel's development, if available <br />
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
===Publication history===<br />
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~<br />
<!--major publication history to be included here, not everything if too extensive--><br />
<!--example--><br />
<!--*1999, US, C.S. Black & sons ISBN 8768768760, Pub date 1 April 1999, Hardback --><br />
<br />
===Explanation of the Story's Title===<br />
Louise Mallard is told her husband was dead and with that she gained her freedom. Later Louise finds out he is alive and she dies. The character gains her freedom and dies within an hour. (e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~<br />
<br />
==Literary significance and reception==<br />
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over <br />
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~<br />
<br />
==Awards and nominations==<br />
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~<br />
<br />
==Adaptations==<br />
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~<br />
<br />
==Bibliography==<br />
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}<br />
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}<br />
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}<br />
{{refend}}<br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
<!--Link to, but don't include, reviews of the novel and other sources--><br />
<!--Links to websites about novel--><br />
<br />
[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:19th Century]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=User:BLeberteau&diff=18043User:BLeberteau2021-08-30T15:37:43Z<p>BLeberteau: added project one</p>
<hr />
<div>Hey my name is Brianna, and I am majoring in early childhood education. I've always thought that education is a important step into making us who we are as people. A good school environment can make a big difference into how we think and act in our everyday lives. I am a very bubbly and outgoing person, that's why I cant wait to put that to use and try to be the best teacher I can be. I love animals and have two amazing dogs of my own. In my free time you can find me spending time with my family and friends.<br />
<br />
<br />
'''<u>Project 1</u>'''<br />
<br />
I will being doing a theme explanation of "Indian Camp".<br />
[[Category:Fall 2021]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=Babylon_Revisited&diff=17812Babylon Revisited2021-08-23T21:58:21Z<p>BLeberteau: /* Lincoln Peters */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{Infobox short story<br />
| name = Babylon Revisited<br />
| image = <!-- include the [[file:]] and size --><br />
| caption = <br />
| author = [[w:F. Scott Fitzgerald|F. Scott Fitzgerald]]<br />
| title_orig = <br />
| translator = <br />
| country = United States<br />
| language = English<br />
| series = <br />
| genre = <br />
| published_in = ''[[w:The Saturday Evening Post|The Saturday Evening Post]]''<br />
| publication_type = Magazine<br />
| publisher = <br />
| media_type = <br />
| pub_date = 1931<br />
| english_pub_date = <br />
| preceded_by = <br />
| followed_by = <br />
| preceded_by_italics = <br />
| followed_by_italics = <br />
}}<br />
<br />
"Babylon Revisited" is a short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It first appeared in ''The Saturday Evening Post'' on February 21, 1931 but he wrote it in December of 1930. <br />
<br />
==Characters==<br />
===Charlie Wales===<br />
Charlie Wales, the story’s protagonist, has come to Paris from Prague to regain custody of his daughter, Honoria, from his sister-in-law.<br />
<br />
=== Helen Wales ===<br />
Charlie’s dead wife and mother of Honoria. Helen and Charlie shared a drinking problem during the course of their relationship. She passed away due to heart troubles because of a dreadful situation that happened with Charlie. She suffered with pneumonia when Charlie locked her out in a snowstorm, and inevitably died shortly afterwards.<br />
<br />
===Honoria Wales===<br />
Honoria is the daughter of Charlie Wales and his deceased wife, Helen. <br />
<br />
===Marion Peters===<br />
Marion is a tall woman with worried eyes. She is the sister-in-law to Charlie Wales and sister to the deceased, Helen. She is the antagonist who stands in the way of Charlie getting his daughter back, who she has full custody over. <br />
<br />
===Lincoln Peters===<br />
Lincoln is married to Marion Wales and shares custody of Honoria. He is sympathetic for Charlie wants him to be able to have custody of Honoria. <br />
<br />
===Lorraine Quarrles===<br />
Lorraine, “a lovely, pale blonde of thirty,” is a friend of Charlie’s from his past. She likely had an affair with Charlie.<br />
<br />
"She's a big part of Charlie's "bad habits."<br />
<br />
===Duncan Shaeffer===<br />
Duncan is a friend of Charlie's from college.<br />
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==Plot==<br />
“Babylon Revisited” is about Charlie Wales attempting to correct his past and regain custody of his daughter. He has to overcome his drinking addiction and try to regain his wealth. He returns to Paris from Prague to try and convince his sister-in-law, who has custody of his daughter, that he had changed so that she would sign over custody of his daughter to him. Charlie has to stay from the bar and liquor to prove that he has changed. "The story shows that self motivation can take you a long way where you're on the road to recovery."<br />
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==Themes==<br />
One [[theme]] of this story is Charlie's struggle to prove to everyone that he has overcome his drinking and partying habit. Some passages in the story indicate that he may not be over his drinking because when he comes back to town he goes straight back to the bar. "Charlie's charter seems to have an up and down roller coster effect." <br />
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==Comparisons To The Author's Life==<br />
It is easy to see parallels between a piece of literature and the life of it’s author. This is made evident with F. Scott Fitzgerald and his essay “Babylon Revisited”. The essay is a story of money and family lost to alcoholism and the remnants of life left behind. As compelling a story as this is on it’s own, it becomes even more interesting with the knowledge that Fitzgerald experienced much of the same. <br />
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In “Babylon Revisited” Fitzgerald writes of a man who falls into a great deal of money, then spends without caution while in France with his wife. He becomes an alcoholic, the money is quickly lost, his wife dies, and custody of their young daughter goes to his late wife’s sister. All of this is given almost as an after thought, as the story picks up as the protagonist, Charlie Wales, comes back to America to reclaim custody of his daughter. It is not an easy task, as his sister-in-law, Marion, blames Charlie for the death of his wife. The overall theme of the story is living to regret misusing an extravagant lifestyle. By all indications, this is also the overall theme to Fitzgerald’s life. <br />
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In 1920 Fitzgerald married Zelda Sayre and they began a lifestyle of decadence. While he tried to gain credibility in the literary world, he was seen as too much the party boy. The couple had their first and only child, affectionately known as Scottie, in 1921. His drinking quickly escalated to the point of alcoholism. His wife also drank, but was not seen as an alcoholic. The couple fought quite often, being in a hostile state that was brought on by drinking. During their years together the couple spent their money too extravagantly, putting them in debt. The family went to France in early 1924, where he wrote The Great Gatsby. While there Zelda’s partying ways went too far: she had an affair. Though they stayed together, the marriage was irreparably damaged. She later suffered mental breakdowns and ended up spending her life in and out of asylums. Fitzgerald eventually moved out of his family’s home and rented a house for himself. He was not providing a good enough environment for his 14 year old daughter so she was sent to a boarding school. Another family, the Obers, took over caring for her. Fitzgerald kept up writing to her and kept a hand over her education. Fitzgerald died in a girlfriend’s apartment in 1940. Zelda died in a fire at a sanitarium in 1948. <br />
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The parallels are quite obvious between the protagonist’s life and that of the author -- spending beyond his means, drinking to excess, and losing his child to another family. Though Fitzgerald’s wife died years after his own death, it could be argued that the parallel between his life and the death of Charlie Wales’s wife comes when Zelda had her affair. While the guilt he may have felt over his wife straying is not known, it is known that after that affair the marriage had essentially ended. It suffered a metaphoric death. <br />
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In reading through the life of Charlie Wales, strong parallels are shown to F. Scott Fitzgerald’s life. The high times Charlie experiences are those of Fitzgerald’s. The losses of Charlie are Fitzgerald’s. And it is safe to assume that the guilt and crushing pain Charlie wrestles with throughout the essay is that of a broken man wishing to share his story with sympathizers in a weary world. <br />
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==Works Cited==<br />
{{refbegin}}<br />
* Bruccoli, Matthew J. “A Brief Life of Fitzgerald” F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Life in Letters Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli. New York: Scribners, 1994. University of South Carolina F. Scott Fitzgerald Centenary. 4 Dec. 2003 <http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/biography.html><br />
* Sipiora, Phillip. "Babylon Revisited." Reading and Writing about Literature. New Jersey: Upper Saddle River, 2002.<br />
{{refend}}<br />
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[[Category:Literary]]<br />
[[Category:Short Stories]]<br />
[[Category:Modenist]]<br />
[[Category:20th Century]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=ENGL_1102&diff=17801ENGL 11022021-08-22T17:05:22Z<p>BLeberteau: Added my name</p>
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<div>{{Big|Welcome to the wiki page for ENGL 1102: English Composition II.}}<br />
<br />
The objectives ENGL 1102 concentrate on the interpretation of literature in an attempt to develop critical-thinking, observation, analytical, and comprehension skills. Prerequisite: at least a “C” in ENGL 1101. <br />
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== Course Information ==<br />
* [[grl:ENGL 1102/Fall 2021|Syllabus]]<br />
*[[Talk:ENGL 1102, Fall 2021|Class Discussion]] — use this discussion to ask any questions about the course. <br />
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== Course Members ==<br />
After you get an account, you may add it below. Next, be sure to write a short bio on your user page and set up your [[Writing Journal|writing journal]].<br />
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* {{u|Glucas|Dr. Lucas}}<br />
* {{u|Jhary|Jhary}}<br />
* {{u|Zoria1|Zoria}}<br />
* {{u|Jojo1221|Joy}}<br />
* {{u|Camdino234|Cam}}<br />
* {{u|DPatel|Devanshi}}<br />
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* {{u|SMaeveCruz|Maeve}}<br />
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== Study Guides ==<br />
Resources for the works we have studied this semester.<br />
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* [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] — “[[Sonny's Blues]]”<br />
* [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]] - “[[The Story of an Hour]]”<br />
* [[w:Francis Scott Fitzgerald|F. Scott Fitzgerald]] - “[[Babylon Revisited]]”<br />
* [[w:Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Hemingway]] — “[[Indian Camp]]”<br />
* [[w:James Joyce|James Joyce]] — “[[Araby]]” and ''[[The Dead]]''<br />
* [[w:Jack London|Jack London]] - “[[To Build a Fire]]”<br />
* [[w:Edgar Allan Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]] — “[[The Cask of Amontillado]]”<br />
* [[w:Leslie Marmon Silko|Leslie Marmon Silko]] - “[[Yellow Woman]]”<br />
* [[w:Herman Melville|Herman Melville]] — ''[[Bartleby, the Scrivener]]''<br />
* [[w:The Smiths|The Smiths]] — “[[Girlfriend in a Coma]]”<br />
* [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]] — “[[Harrison Bergeron]]” <br />
* [[w:August Wilson|August Wilson]] — ''[[Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom]]''<br />
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==Literary==<br />
* [[Literary Terms]]<br />
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[[Category:ENGL 1102]]<br />
[[category:Fall 2021]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=User:BLeberteau&diff=17786User:BLeberteau2021-08-17T17:26:05Z<p>BLeberteau: Added category.</p>
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<div>Hey my name is Brianna, and I am majoring in early childhood education. I've always thought that education is a important step into making us who we are as people. A good school environment can make a big difference into how we think and act in our everyday lives. I am a very bubbly and outgoing person, that's why I cant wait to put that to use and try to be the best teacher I can be. I love animals and have two amazing dogs of my own. In my free time you can find me spending time with my family and friends.<br />
[[Category:Fall 2021]]</div>BLeberteauhttps://litwiki.org/index.php?title=User:BLeberteau&diff=17784User:BLeberteau2021-08-17T17:20:24Z<p>BLeberteau: Wrote my bio.</p>
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<div>Hey my name is Brianna, and I am majoring in early childhood education. I've always thought that education is a important step into making us who we are as people. A good school environment can make a big difference into how we think and act in our everyday lives. I am a very bubbly and outgoing person, that's why I cant wait to put that to use and try to be the best teacher I can be. I love animals and have two amazing dogs of my own. In my free time you can find me spending time with my family and friends.</div>BLeberteau