LitWiki - User contributions [en]

Millennium Approaches 2.1

2006-04-26T01:18:32Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

==Summary==
Louis comes in and finds Prior on the floor.Prior is burning up with fever. Prior is hurting badly. Louis call for ambulance. Prior really does not want to go to the hospital. Prior tries to stand up, to go to the bathroom. Prior, " I had an accident " (54). Prior faints.

==Notes==
==Commentary==
==Study Questions==
#Why did Prior did not want to go to the hospital?

==External Resources==
==Works Cited==

----
[[Angels in America | In Vitro Act 2 Scene 2]]
[[Category:Literature]]
*Kushner, Tony. Angels in America, Part One: Millennium Approaches,1995

Millennium Approaches 2.1

2006-04-26T01:11:54Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

Millennium Approaches 2.1

2006-04-26T01:06:39Z

Jlewis: /* Summary */

==Summary==
Louis comes in and finds Prior on the floor.Prior is burning up with fever. Prior is hurting badly. Louis call for ambulance. Prior really does not want to go to the hospital. Prior tries to stand up, to go to the bathroom. Prior, " I had an accident " (54). Prior faints.

==Notes==
==Commentary==
==Study Questions==
==External Resources==
==Works Cited==

----
[[Angels in America | In Vitro Act 2 Scene 2]]
[[Category:Literature]]

Belize

2006-04-26T00:38:07Z

Jlewis:

A former drag queen and former lover of Prior's. Belize name was originally Norman Arriaga. Belize is a registerd nurse. He is the actor playing Mr. Lies .

[[Image:Belize.jpg]]

Angels in America

2006-04-26T00:12:40Z

Jlewis: /* Characters */

[[Image:Angels-in-america-04.jpg|thumb|Angels in America]]

==Factual Information==
==Biography==

==Study Guide==

===Part One: Millennium Approaches===
====Act One: Bad News====
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.1|Act One, Scene 1]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.2|Act One, Scene 2]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.3|Act One, Scene 3]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.4|Act One, Scene 4]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.5|Act One, Scene 5]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.6|Act One, Scene 6]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.7|Act One, Scene 7]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.8|Act One, Scene 8]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 1.9|Act One, Scene 9]]
====Act Two: In Vitro====
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.1|Act Two, Scene 1]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.2|Act Two, Scene 2]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.3|Act Two, Scene 3]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.4|Act Two, Scene 4]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.5|Act Two, Scene 5]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.6|Act Two, Scene 6]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.7|Act Two, Scene 7]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.8|Act Two, Scene 8]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.9|Act Two, Scene 9]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 2.10|Act Two, Scene 10]]
====Act Three: Not-Yet-Conscious, Foward Dawning====
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.1|Act Three, Scene 1]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.2|Act Three, Scene 2]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.3|Act Three, Scene 3]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.4|Act Three, Scene 4]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.5|Act Three, Scene 5]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.6|Act Three, Scene 6]]
#[[Millennium Approaches 3.7|Act Three, Scene 7]]

===Part Two: Perestroika===
====Act One: Spooj====
#[[Perestroika 1.1|Act One, Scene 1]]
#[[Perestroika 1.2|Act One, Scene 2]]
#[[Perestroika 1.3|Act One, Scene 3]]
#[[Perestroika 1.4|Act One, Scene 4]]
#[[Perestroika 1.5|Act One, Scene 5]]
#[[Perestroika 1.6|Act One, Scene 6]]
====Act Two: The Epistle====
#[[Perestroika 2.1|Act Two, Scene 1]]

====Act Three: Borborygmi====
#[[Perestroika 3.1|Act Three, Scene 1]]
#[[Perestroika 3.2|Act Three, Scene 2]]
#[[Perestroika 3.3|Act Three, Scene 3]]
#[[Perestroika 3.4|Act Three, Scene 4]]
#[[Perestroika 3.5|Act Three, Scene 5]]
====Act Four: John Brown's Body====
#[[Perestroika 4.1|Act Four, Scene 1]]
#[[Perestroika 4.2|Act Four, Scene 2]]
#[[Perestroika 4.3|Act Four, Scene 3]]
#[[Perestroika 4.4|Act Four, Scene 4]]
#[[Perestroika 4.5|Act Four, Scene 5]]
#[[Perestroika 4.6|Act Four, Scene 6]]
#[[Perestroika 4.7|Act Four, Scene 7]]
#[[Perestroika 4.8|Act Four, Scene 8]]
#[[Perestroika 4.9|Act Four, Scene 9]]
====Act Five: Heaven, I'm in Heaven====
#[[Perestroika 5.1|Act Five, Scene 1]]
#[[Perestroika 5.2|Act Five, Scene 2]]
#[[Perestroika 5.3|Act Five, Scene 3]]
#[[Perestroika 5.4|Act Five, Scene 4]]
#[[Perestroika 5.5|Act Five, Scene 5]]
#[[Perestroika 5.6|Act Five, Scene 6]]
#[[Perestroika 5.7|Act Five, Scene 7]]
#[[Perestroika 5.8|Act Five, Scene 8]]
#[[Perestroika 5.9|Act Five, Scene 9]]
#[[Perestroika 5.10|Act Five, Scene 10]]
====Epilogue: Bethesda====
#[[Perestroika Epilogue]]

==Characters==

[[The Angel]]

[[Emily]]

[[The Eskimo]]

[[Ethel Rosenberg]]

[[Hannah Porter Pitt]]

[[Harper Amaty Pitt]]

[[Henry]]

[[Joseph Porter Pitt]]

[[Louis Ironson]]

[[The Man in the Park]]

[[Martin Heller]]

[[Mr. Lies]]

[[Norman Arriaga]] AKA: Belize

[[Prior I]]

[[Prior II]]

[[Prior Walter]]

[[Rabbi Isidor Chemelwitz]]

[[Roy Cohn]]

[[Sister Ella Chapter]]

[[The Voice]]

[[The Woman in the South Bronx]]

[[Belize]]

==Major Themes==
''Angels in America'' is in many ways a play about conversion.The experience of HIV illness is often conceived as involving a conversion of the self, and Prior's discovery that he has AIDS is depicted in part as making him a new person: I'm a lessionnaire". The Angel's visitation to Prior takes the form of a mission of conversion:given a new identity, Prior is like Joseph Smith, to become Prophet of a new dispensation. Indeed, in the course of the play all its characters undergo startling shifts in identity. Hannah is not only physically transplanted to New York but becomes ''"noticeably different--she looks like a New Yorker''. Roy , who clings tenaciously to his professional status a a lawyer,is disbarred just before his death. Harper moves through a period of dysfunction to strike out on her own, choosing "the real San Francisco, on earth," with its "unspeakable beauty" (Kruger 4).

Kushner uses split scenes to make more explicit the contrapuntal relationship between these seemingly disconnected narrative worlds. Roy's meeting with Joe, to discuss the junior attorney's future as a "Roy-Boy" in Washington, occurs alongside the scene in which Louis is sodomized in the Central Park Rambles by a leather clad mama's boy.Louis's mini-symposium at the coffee shop is simultaneous with Prior's medical checkup at an outpatient clinic. Dreams,ghosts, and a flock of dithering, hermaphroditic angels are also used to break through the play's realistic structure, to conjoin seemingly disparate characters, and to reveal the poetic resonances and interconnectedness of everyday life (McNulty 4).

==Major Symbols==

==Influences==

==Study Questions==
#Many of the gay characters struggle with the question of how their sexuality should be, and several come out in different ways during the course of the play. Discuss the meaning of the ''closet'' — are closeted characters different from uncloseted ones? What implications does coming out have for self and community?
#"It's law not justice," Joe tells Louis during their final breakup. Discuss the themes of law and justice as they appear in the play. Is Joe correct that the two are separate entities? Or does the play encourage a more visionary potential of the law?
#Belize stands out as exceptionally compassionate and good, yet at times seems two-dimensional. Which view is correct? Is Belize a virtuous stereotype or a complex moral authority?
#What does the subtitle "A Gay Fantasia on National Themes" suggest? What national themes are evident in the plays? What is the relationship between "gay" and "national"?
#[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perestroika Perestroika] was the term for Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of political and economic reform in the Soviet Union. In what ways does the play represent the possibility of ''perestroika'' in America? Is this an appropriate title for part two?
#Choosing at least two examples ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethel_Rosenberg The Rosenberg Trial], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1906_earthquake The San Francisco Earthquake], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl Chernobyl], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reagan_administration The Reagan Administration]), analyze the role of history in the plays. Does Kushner more or less depict events as they happened? If not, what dramatic and thematic purposes does he serve by shading the facts?
#As a "fantasia," ''Angels in America'' is a major departure from prevailing theatrical realism, with detours into the religious and the supernatural — angels, ghosts, apparitions, and visions appear over and over. What effect do these fantastical elements have on the play as a whole? Go beyond a simple analysis of plot to consider the implications for characters, messages, and themes.
#Is there any connection between [[the Angel]], and [[Mr. Lies]].

==Additional Resources==
*[http://www.januarymagazine.com/artcult/angelsinam.html Larger Than Life] - A review of'' Angels in America'' by Tony Buchsbaum.
*[http://www.hbo.com/films/angelsinamerica/cast/kushner_interview.html HBO Interview with Tony Kusher]

==Works Cited==

* Garner, Stanton B. ''"Angels in America: The Millennium and Postmodern Memory," in Approaching the Millenium, Essays on Angels in America,'' edited by Deborah R. Geis and Steven F. Kruger, University of Michigan Press, 1987: pp.173-84.

* Glenn, Lane A.. "Angels in America." ''Drama for Students''. Gale, 1999.

* Kruger, Steven F. ''"Identity and Conversion in Angels in America."in Approaching the Millennium: Essays on "Angels in America."'' edited by Deborah R. Geis and Steven F.Kruger, University of Michigan Press, 1997: pp. 151-69.

* Layman, Bruccoli Clark. ''"Tony Kushner,"in Dictionary of Literary Biography,'' Volume 228: Twentienth Century American Dramatists, Second Series. Edited by Christopher J. Wheatley.

* McNutty, Charles. ''"Angels in America: Tony Kushner's Theses on the Philosophy of History."'' Modern Drama 39,no.1 (Spring 1996): 84-96.

* Meisner, Natalie. ''Messing with the Idyllic: The Performance of Femininity in Kushner's Angels in America''. ''The Yale Journal of Criticism'' 16,no.1 (2003): 177-189.

* Quinn, John R. ''"Corpus Juris Tertium: Redemptive Jurisprudence in Angels in America."'' Theatre Journal 48,no.1 (March 1996): 79-90.

* Trilling, Lionel, et. al. ''Bloom’s Period Studies: Modern American Drama''. Chelsea House Publishers, 2005.

* Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

[[Category:Literature]]

File:Belize.jpg

2006-04-26T00:11:54Z

Jlewis:

Millennium Approaches 1.5

2006-04-24T20:33:27Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

==Summary==

The relationships between Joe and Harper, as well as Louis and Prior begin to fall apart. Joe and Harper discuss moving to Washington. While Joe wishes to make the move, Harper is scared of change. Joe tells Harper that he is tired of being chief clerk and wants to go where something good is happening. Harper tells Joe that she feels like nothing good happens in Washington. Again in a valium induced mentality, Harper compares their apartment to the one in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary's_Baby Rosemary's Baby] and claims Georgetown was the town of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exorcist The Exorcist]. Meanwhile, Louis is thinking of leaving Prior and questions the Rabbi about the [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/holy+writ Holy Writ] and the consequences of leaving a loved one in time of need. Joe and Harper continue conversation, he is speaking openly about his hopes for the republican government led by Reagan. Harper does not want to hear politics. Harper suggest they have a baby but Joe rejects this idea. Now Harper suggest that the world is coming to an end.
Joe is at home with his wife Harper. Joe dicusses with Harper about going to Washington. Harper did not want to hear of it. Joe was tried of being the lowest paid on the pole, only twenty-nine dollars a year. Joe wants to go to bigger and higher places. Harper still did not agree on the move to Washingtion.

==Notes==

*'''Rosemary's Baby''' (30)- a 1967 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary's_Baby horror novel]by Ira Levin and a 1968 film directed by Roman Polański
*'''The Exorcist''' (30)- a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exorcist novel] written by William Peter Blatty.Published in 1971. Blatty also wrote the screenplay for the horror film in 1973.
*'''Holy Writ''' (31)- [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/holy+writ Sacred writings]: Religious Text: The Christian Bible.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==
#According to Harper what is Washington D.C.?
#Why does Joe want to make some changes?
#What reasons does Harper give for staying in Brooklyn?
#What movie does Harper compare their apartment to in Brooklyn?
#What movie does Harper compare Georgetown to?
# What quote does the Rabbi tell Louis and what is it from?
#According to the Rabbi Catholics believe in _____and Jews believe in_______?
#How long has Joe worked as a chief clerk?
#Why did Joe tell Harper that she should'nt listen to the radio all the time?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
Kushner, Tony. Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 6]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.5

2006-04-24T20:25:01Z

Jlewis: /* Summary */

==Summary==

The relationships between Joe and Harper, as well as Louis and Prior begin to fall apart. Joe and Harper discuss moving to Washington. While Joe wishes to make the move, Harper is scared of change. Joe tells Harper that he is tired of being chief clerk and wants to go where something good is happening. Harper tells Joe that she feels like nothing good happens in Washington. Again in a valium induced mentality, Harper compares their apartment to the one in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary's_Baby Rosemary's Baby] and claims Georgetown was the town of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exorcist The Exorcist]. Meanwhile, Louis is thinking of leaving Prior and questions the Rabbi about the [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/holy+writ Holy Writ] and the consequences of leaving a loved one in time of need. Joe and Harper continue conversation, he is speaking openly about his hopes for the republican government led by Reagan. Harper does not want to hear politics. Harper suggest they have a baby but Joe rejects this idea. Now Harper suggest that the world is coming to an end.
Joe is at home with his wife Harper. Joe dicusses with Harper about going to Washington. Harper did not want to hear of it. Joe was tried of being the lowest paid on the pole, only twenty-nine dollars a year. Joe wants to go to bigger and higher places. Harper still did not agree on the move to Washingtion.

==Notes==

*'''Rosemary's Baby''' (30)- a 1967 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary's_Baby horror novel]by Ira Levin and a 1968 film directed by Roman Polański
*'''The Exorcist''' (30)- a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Exorcist novel] written by William Peter Blatty.Published in 1971. Blatty also wrote the screenplay for the horror film in 1973.
*'''Holy Writ''' (31)- [http://www.thefreedictionary.com/holy+writ Sacred writings]: Religious Text: The Christian Bible.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==
#According to Harper what is Washington D.C.?
#Why does Joe want to make some changes?
#What reasons does Harper give for staying in Brooklyn?
#What movie does Harper compare their apartment to in Brooklyn?
#What movie does Harper compare Georgetown to?
# What quote does the Rabbi tell Louis and what is it from?
#According to the Rabbi Catholics believe in _____and Jews believe in_______?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
Kushner, Tony. Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 6]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.4

2006-04-24T20:01:46Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

==Summary==
Louis and Prior, who have been in a committed relationship for four years, are sitting on a bench after the funeral of Louis's grandmother, which Louis had not visited in ten years. Louis has concealed his homosexuality in front of his family. They discuss the funeral and exchange teasing remarks about their cat, Little Sheba, who has run away. Prior suddenly shows Louis a [http://www.cancer.org/docroot/cri/content/cri_2_4_1x_what_is_kaposis_sarcoma_21.asp?sitearea=cri kaposi's sarcoma] lesion. Even though Louis gets extremely upset, Prior takes it in a very joking manner; though he fears that Louis will leave him because of his illness. Louis goes to bury his grandmother and Prior asks him if he will come home right after the burial. Louis assures Prior that he will come home after his grandmother’s burial.
Prior is at a funeral service with Louis in the burial of his grandmother, Sarah Ironson. Prior hugs Louis, because he was sorry for his grandmother death. Prior addresses to Louis about name calling. Especially, the name " Little Sheba" (26). Prior shows Louis a lesion. Prior makes several jokes about the lesion." I'm a lesionnaire. The Foreign Lesion. The American Lesion. Lesionnaire's disease" (27). This was Prior first lesion. Prior did not want to tell Louis about the Lesion, because he was scared that Louis would leave him.

==Notes==
*'''Emma Goldman''' (25) - A major figure in the history of American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radicalism_%28historical%29 radicalism] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism feminism]. She was a well-known [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchism anarchist] and an early advocate of free speech.

*'''Yiddish''' (25)- Yiddish meaning “Jewish”, is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_language Germanic language.]

*'''Feh''' (26) - Indicative of disproval of something.

*'''Fellating''' (26) - Oral stimulation of the penis in which a male places his penis into the mouth of another person. Fellatio comes from the Latin Fellatus.

*'''WASPs''' (26) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WASP "White Anglo-Saxon Protestants"], a term that denotes either an ethnic group, or the culture, customs, and heritage of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yankee Yankee] ethnic group in the U.S..
*'''Shirley Booth''' (27) - an Academy Award-winning [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Booth actress] who gained enormous success in the 1950 Broadway [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back%2C_Little_Sheba_%28play%29 play] (as well, as the 1952 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back%2C_Little_Sheba_%28movie%29 movie adaptation]), ''Come Back, Little Sheba''.
*'''K.S.''' (27) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaposi%27s_Sarcoma Kaposi's Sarcoma], a cancer that afflicts tissues of the bones, muscles, blood vessels, cartilage, etc. Commonly linked to homosexual men with HIV or AIDS.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==
#What is the Jewish custom to express love for the dead?
#How long was Louis's grandmother in the nursing home?
#Why didn't Louis visit her?
#What is the cat's name?
#What does Prior show Louis?
#What disease does Prior have?
#How does Louis react?
#Why does Prior believe the cat ran away?
#Why hasn't Prior told Louis of his illness until today?
# Who number does Prior wants at Sarah Ironson funeral?
# Where is the lesion located at on Prior's body?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.
*Kusher, Tony. " Angles in America " Part One: Millennium Approaches, 1995
------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 5]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.4

2006-04-24T19:57:27Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

==Summary==
Louis and Prior, who have been in a committed relationship for four years, are sitting on a bench after the funeral of Louis's grandmother, which Louis had not visited in ten years. Louis has concealed his homosexuality in front of his family. They discuss the funeral and exchange teasing remarks about their cat, Little Sheba, who has run away. Prior suddenly shows Louis a [http://www.cancer.org/docroot/cri/content/cri_2_4_1x_what_is_kaposis_sarcoma_21.asp?sitearea=cri kaposi's sarcoma] lesion. Even though Louis gets extremely upset, Prior takes it in a very joking manner; though he fears that Louis will leave him because of his illness. Louis goes to bury his grandmother and Prior asks him if he will come home right after the burial. Louis assures Prior that he will come home after his grandmother’s burial.
Prior is at a funeral service with Louis in the burial of his grandmother, Sarah Ironson. Prior hugs Louis, because he was sorry for his grandmother death. Prior addresses to Louis about name calling. Especially, the name " Little Sheba" (26). Prior shows Louis a lesion. Prior makes several jokes about the lesion." I'm a lesionnaire. The Foreign Lesion. The American Lesion. Lesionnaire's disease" (27). This was Prior first lesion. Prior did not want to tell Louis about the Lesion, because he was scared that Louis would leave him.

==Notes==
*'''Emma Goldman''' (25) - A major figure in the history of American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radicalism_%28historical%29 radicalism] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism feminism]. She was a well-known [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchism anarchist] and an early advocate of free speech.

*'''Yiddish''' (25)- Yiddish meaning “Jewish”, is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_language Germanic language.]

*'''Feh''' (26) - Indicative of disproval of something.

*'''Fellating''' (26) - Oral stimulation of the penis in which a male places his penis into the mouth of another person. Fellatio comes from the Latin Fellatus.

*'''WASPs''' (26) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WASP "White Anglo-Saxon Protestants"], a term that denotes either an ethnic group, or the culture, customs, and heritage of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yankee Yankee] ethnic group in the U.S..
*'''Shirley Booth''' (27) - an Academy Award-winning [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Booth actress] who gained enormous success in the 1950 Broadway [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back%2C_Little_Sheba_%28play%29 play] (as well, as the 1952 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back%2C_Little_Sheba_%28movie%29 movie adaptation]), ''Come Back, Little Sheba''.
*'''K.S.''' (27) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaposi%27s_Sarcoma Kaposi's Sarcoma], a cancer that afflicts tissues of the bones, muscles, blood vessels, cartilage, etc. Commonly linked to homosexual men with HIV or AIDS.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==
#What is the Jewish custom to express love for the dead?
#How long was Louis's grandmother in the nursing home?
#Why didn't Louis visit her?
#What is the cat's name?
#What does Prior show Louis?
#What disease does Prior have?
#How does Louis react?
#Why does Prior believe the cat ran away?
#Why hasn't Prior told Louis of his illness until today?
# Who number does Prior wants at Sarah Ironson funeral?
# Where is the lesion located at on Prior's body?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 5]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.4

2006-04-24T19:40:53Z

Jlewis: /* Summary */

==Summary==
Louis and Prior, who have been in a committed relationship for four years, are sitting on a bench after the funeral of Louis's grandmother, which Louis had not visited in ten years. Louis has concealed his homosexuality in front of his family. They discuss the funeral and exchange teasing remarks about their cat, Little Sheba, who has run away. Prior suddenly shows Louis a [http://www.cancer.org/docroot/cri/content/cri_2_4_1x_what_is_kaposis_sarcoma_21.asp?sitearea=cri kaposi's sarcoma] lesion. Even though Louis gets extremely upset, Prior takes it in a very joking manner; though he fears that Louis will leave him because of his illness. Louis goes to bury his grandmother and Prior asks him if he will come home right after the burial. Louis assures Prior that he will come home after his grandmother’s burial.
Prior is at a funeral service with Louis in the burial of his grandmother, Sarah Ironson. Prior hugs Louis, because he was sorry for his grandmother death. Prior addresses to Louis about name calling. Especially, the name " Little Sheba" (26). Prior shows Louis a lesion. Prior makes several jokes about the lesion." I'm a lesionnaire. The Foreign Lesion. The American Lesion. Lesionnaire's disease" (27). This was Prior first lesion. Prior did not want to tell Louis about the Lesion, because he was scared that Louis would leave him.

==Notes==
*'''Emma Goldman''' (25) - A major figure in the history of American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radicalism_%28historical%29 radicalism] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism feminism]. She was a well-known [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anarchism anarchist] and an early advocate of free speech.

*'''Yiddish''' (25)- Yiddish meaning “Jewish”, is a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanic_language Germanic language.]

*'''Feh''' (26) - Indicative of disproval of something.

*'''Fellating''' (26) - Oral stimulation of the penis in which a male places his penis into the mouth of another person. Fellatio comes from the Latin Fellatus.

*'''WASPs''' (26) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WASP "White Anglo-Saxon Protestants"], a term that denotes either an ethnic group, or the culture, customs, and heritage of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yankee Yankee] ethnic group in the U.S..
*'''Shirley Booth''' (27) - an Academy Award-winning [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Booth actress] who gained enormous success in the 1950 Broadway [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back%2C_Little_Sheba_%28play%29 play] (as well, as the 1952 [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Come_Back%2C_Little_Sheba_%28movie%29 movie adaptation]), ''Come Back, Little Sheba''.
*'''K.S.''' (27) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaposi%27s_Sarcoma Kaposi's Sarcoma], a cancer that afflicts tissues of the bones, muscles, blood vessels, cartilage, etc. Commonly linked to homosexual men with HIV or AIDS.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==
#What is the Jewish custom to express love for the dead?
#How long was Louis's grandmother in the nursing home?
#Why didn't Louis visit her?
#What is the cat's name?
#What does Prior show Louis?
#What disease does Prior have?
#How does Louis react?
#Why does Prior believe the cat ran away?
#Why hasn't Prior told Louis of his illness until today?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 5]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.3

2006-04-24T19:14:40Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

==Summary==
Harper is alone at home listening to the radio and speaking to herself. Mr. Lies, her imaginary travel agent friend appears. Harper is telling Mr. Lies she wants to travel, she knows things are not right with her. When asked where she might like to go, she says Antarctica, but does not want to go immediately. She chooses to wait and tells Mr. Lies to stay around because she knows that she will need to go soon. She questions Joe's love for her and whether there is real trouble coming or if it is just her mind playing tricks on her. Joe returns home, late as usual, and asks Harper how she would like to move to Washington.
Joe late again,nothing new. Joe calls Harper Buddy. Joe explains why he is late. "I was just ...out. Walking" (24). Joe gives Harper "Buddy kiss" (24).

==Notes==
*'''ozone layer''' (22)- naturally occuring gases that make up the [http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-ozone.htm?referrer=adwords_campaign=ozone_ad=024321&_search_kw=ozone%20layer atmosphere].
*'''aureole'''(22) - : a [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/aureole radiant light] around the head or body of a representation of a sacred personage
*'''Antarctica''' (23)- an ice covered [http://www.antarctica.net.au/ continent] that lies in the Artic Ocean.
*'''Nomad''' (23)- A person who moves about with no fixed home.
*'''Acolyte''' (23)- One who wishes to attain clergyhood. This term can refer to anyone who performs ceremonial duties. See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acolyte Roman Catholicism].
*'''Flux''' (23)- A continuous flow or flood.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==

#What year is it now?
#How many years is it until the third millennium?
#What is Mr. Lies job title?
#Who enters the elevator as Mr. Lies vanishes?
#Why does Harper want to go to Antarctica?
#What is Harper addicted to?
# What is Buddy kiss?
# Who does Joe calls Buddy?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

--------
[[Angels in America | Angels in America Act 1 Scene 4]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.3

2006-04-24T19:11:42Z

Jlewis: /* Summary */

==Summary==
Harper is alone at home listening to the radio and speaking to herself. Mr. Lies, her imaginary travel agent friend appears. Harper is telling Mr. Lies she wants to travel, she knows things are not right with her. When asked where she might like to go, she says Antarctica, but does not want to go immediately. She chooses to wait and tells Mr. Lies to stay around because she knows that she will need to go soon. She questions Joe's love for her and whether there is real trouble coming or if it is just her mind playing tricks on her. Joe returns home, late as usual, and asks Harper how she would like to move to Washington.
Joe late again,nothing new. Joe calls Harper Buddy. Joe explains why he is late. "I was just ...out. Walking" (24). Joe gives Harper "Buddy kiss" (24).

==Notes==
*'''ozone layer''' (22)- naturally occuring gases that make up the [http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-ozone.htm?referrer=adwords_campaign=ozone_ad=024321&_search_kw=ozone%20layer atmosphere].
*'''aureole'''(22) - : a [http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/aureole radiant light] around the head or body of a representation of a sacred personage
*'''Antarctica''' (23)- an ice covered [http://www.antarctica.net.au/ continent] that lies in the Artic Ocean.
*'''Nomad''' (23)- A person who moves about with no fixed home.
*'''Acolyte''' (23)- One who wishes to attain clergyhood. This term can refer to anyone who performs ceremonial duties. See [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acolyte Roman Catholicism].
*'''Flux''' (23)- A continuous flow or flood.

==Commentary==

==Study Questions==

#What year is it now?
#How many years is it until the third millennium?
#What is Mr. Lies job title?
#Who enters the elevator as Mr. Lies vanishes?
#Why does Harper want to go to Antarctica?
#What is Harper addicted to?

==External Resources==

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.

--------
[[Angels in America | Angels in America Act 1 Scene 4]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.2

2006-04-24T19:03:14Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

==Summary==
Joseph Pitt sits waiting in Roy Cohn's office while Roy conducts business with several people through his phone system. Roy is loud and obscene until Joe asks him to "please not use the Lord's name in vain" (20). When Roy asks what religion he is, Joe tells him that he is Mormon. Roy then suddenly offers Joe a job in the Justice Department in Washington, DC. Joe says that "it's incredibly exciting" but that he must talk to his wife before accepting the job (22).
Joe is sitting in Roy office. Roy is doing a lot of business on the telephone. In scene 2 he states that " I wish I was an octopus,a fucking octopus. Eight loving arms and all those suckers (17). Roy was letting us know the phone task is a multiple job. Roy uses lots of profanity while Joe is waiting. Joe get upset when Roy uses the "Lord's name in vain (20). Joe was offered to go to Washington for a job with Internal Affairs. Roy wanted an answer from Joe right away. Joe had to give this some thought.Joe need to talk to his wife about going to Washington.

== Notes ==
[[Image:LaCage1.jpg|right|thumb|''La Cage aux Folles'']]
*'''''Cats''''' (18) - a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cats_%28musical%29 musical] composed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber] in 1978 and based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Possum%27s_Book_of_Practical_Cats ''Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats''] by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._S._Eliot T. S. Eliot].

*'''''42nd Street''''' (18) - a Broadway [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/42nd_Street_%28musical%29 musical]. It premiered in New York City in 1980 and is considered one of the most successful productions in the history of Broadway theater.

*'''''La Cage''''' (18) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles ''La Cage aux Folles''] is a French play that became Broadway's first "homosexual" musical in 1983.

*'''Schtupping''' (20)- an offensive or indecent slang term for sexual intercourse.

*'''Baptist''' (21)- The largest protestant [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_denomination religious denomination] based on Christian Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John in the United States that are particularly insistent on the separation of church and state.

*'''Catholic''' (21)- A universal religion comprehensive of all mankind that is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiberaL liberal].

*'''Mormon''' (21) - the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon name] given to members of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement Latter Day Saint movement].

*'''Ed Meese''' (21) - the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Meese seventy-fifth] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General Attorney General] of the United States from 1985 to 1988.

==Commentary==
''Angels in America'''s Roy Cohn is based on the real-life American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Cohn lawyer] of the same name; however, Kushner's play is not as much "about" Cohn as it is about what "Cohn represents socially and historically" (Borreca). Still, the play's character follows the nonfictional Cohn's life almost flawlessly.

[[Image:Judge.jpg|left|thumb|Roy Marcus Cohn (February 20, 1927 – August 2, 1986).]]

Cohn became famous during [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy Senator Joseph McCarthy's] investigations into Communism in the government and especially during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army-McCarthy_Hearings Army-McCarthy Hearings]. Cohn was widely unpopular during his lifetime, yet he still gained tremendous political power. He was most famous for his role in the 1951 trial of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethel_Rosenberg Julius and Ethel Rosenberg]. His cross examination of Ethel's brother produced the testimony that was mainly responsible for the defendents' conviction and execution. Cohn took great pride in the case, claiming to have played an even greater role than was realized. In his autobiography, he wrote that his influence had led to the appointment of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Kaufman Judge Irving Kaufman] to the case, and that Kaufman, who was a family friend, had imposed the death penalty on Cohn's personal advice.

It was because of the Rosenberg trial that Cohn, at the age of twenty-four, had been recommended and appointed as McCarthy's chief counsel. In 1954, when McCarthy was censured, Cohn resigned and went into private practice, beginning a thirty-year career as a high-powered attorney in New York City. In the 1970s and 1980s, he was charged three times with professional misconduct but never convicted. However, eventually the New York Bar association brought disbarment proceedings against him for unethical and unprofessional conduct, which caused him to lose his license in the last month of his life.

Although he was extremely conservative in politics, Cohn was rumored to be a homosexual, and it was widely believed that he and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._David_Schine G. David Schine], whom he appointed chief consultant, had a sexual relationship. However, Cohn continued to deny he was gay and he even lent his support to anti-gay political campaigns. In 1984, he was diagnosed with AIDs, but he attemped to keep it secret by saying he had liver cancer. Despite aggressive drug treatment, he died on August 2, 1986 (six months after the Cohn in Kushner's play) at the age of 54.

Roy Cohn was also portrayed by actor [http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0000249/ James Woods] in the 1992 biographical television movie [http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0103973/ ''Citizen Cohn''].

==Study Questions==
#What is Roy Cohn's profession?
#What is Roy's favorite Broadway musical? What does this suggest about the character?
#While he is conducting business, what does Roy keep insisting Joe do?
#What job does Roy offer to Joe and what would it require Joe to do?
#Why does Joe tell Roy that he has to "think about" his job offer?
#Who is the Attorney General at the time of the play?
#What is the meaning of “only in America”? - Does a persons life change for better or worse by living in the United States? Does living in the U.S. mark a turning point for religious and political history?
# Why did Joe started to leave Roy's office in scene 2?
# What is Joe religion?

==External Resources==
*[http://www.hbo.com/films/angelsinamerica/video/index.html HBO Conversations with the Actors]
*[http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i43/43b00701.htm The Chronicle Review: Only in America] - By Eric Hobsbawm

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.
*Borreca, Art. "''Angels in America'', Part 1: Millennium Approaches." ''Theatre Journal'' 45.2 (May 1993): 235.
*Kushner, Tony." Angles in America",Part One: Millennium Approaches,1995.
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 3]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.2

2006-04-24T18:55:35Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

==Summary==
Joseph Pitt sits waiting in Roy Cohn's office while Roy conducts business with several people through his phone system. Roy is loud and obscene until Joe asks him to "please not use the Lord's name in vain" (20). When Roy asks what religion he is, Joe tells him that he is Mormon. Roy then suddenly offers Joe a job in the Justice Department in Washington, DC. Joe says that "it's incredibly exciting" but that he must talk to his wife before accepting the job (22).
Joe is sitting in Roy office. Roy is doing a lot of business on the telephone. In scene 2 he states that " I wish I was an octopus,a fucking octopus. Eight loving arms and all those suckers (17). Roy was letting us know the phone task is a multiple job. Roy uses lots of profanity while Joe is waiting. Joe get upset when Roy uses the "Lord's name in vain (20). Joe was offered to go to Washington for a job with Internal Affairs. Roy wanted an answer from Joe right away. Joe had to give this some thought.Joe need to talk to his wife about going to Washington.

== Notes ==
[[Image:LaCage1.jpg|right|thumb|''La Cage aux Folles'']]
*'''''Cats''''' (18) - a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cats_%28musical%29 musical] composed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber] in 1978 and based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Possum%27s_Book_of_Practical_Cats ''Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats''] by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._S._Eliot T. S. Eliot].

*'''''42nd Street''''' (18) - a Broadway [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/42nd_Street_%28musical%29 musical]. It premiered in New York City in 1980 and is considered one of the most successful productions in the history of Broadway theater.

*'''''La Cage''''' (18) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles ''La Cage aux Folles''] is a French play that became Broadway's first "homosexual" musical in 1983.

*'''Schtupping''' (20)- an offensive or indecent slang term for sexual intercourse.

*'''Baptist''' (21)- The largest protestant [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_denomination religious denomination] based on Christian Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John in the United States that are particularly insistent on the separation of church and state.

*'''Catholic''' (21)- A universal religion comprehensive of all mankind that is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiberaL liberal].

*'''Mormon''' (21) - the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon name] given to members of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement Latter Day Saint movement].

*'''Ed Meese''' (21) - the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Meese seventy-fifth] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General Attorney General] of the United States from 1985 to 1988.

==Commentary==
''Angels in America'''s Roy Cohn is based on the real-life American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Cohn lawyer] of the same name; however, Kushner's play is not as much "about" Cohn as it is about what "Cohn represents socially and historically" (Borreca). Still, the play's character follows the nonfictional Cohn's life almost flawlessly.

[[Image:Judge.jpg|left|thumb|Roy Marcus Cohn (February 20, 1927 – August 2, 1986).]]

Cohn became famous during [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy Senator Joseph McCarthy's] investigations into Communism in the government and especially during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army-McCarthy_Hearings Army-McCarthy Hearings]. Cohn was widely unpopular during his lifetime, yet he still gained tremendous political power. He was most famous for his role in the 1951 trial of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethel_Rosenberg Julius and Ethel Rosenberg]. His cross examination of Ethel's brother produced the testimony that was mainly responsible for the defendents' conviction and execution. Cohn took great pride in the case, claiming to have played an even greater role than was realized. In his autobiography, he wrote that his influence had led to the appointment of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Kaufman Judge Irving Kaufman] to the case, and that Kaufman, who was a family friend, had imposed the death penalty on Cohn's personal advice.

It was because of the Rosenberg trial that Cohn, at the age of twenty-four, had been recommended and appointed as McCarthy's chief counsel. In 1954, when McCarthy was censured, Cohn resigned and went into private practice, beginning a thirty-year career as a high-powered attorney in New York City. In the 1970s and 1980s, he was charged three times with professional misconduct but never convicted. However, eventually the New York Bar association brought disbarment proceedings against him for unethical and unprofessional conduct, which caused him to lose his license in the last month of his life.

Although he was extremely conservative in politics, Cohn was rumored to be a homosexual, and it was widely believed that he and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._David_Schine G. David Schine], whom he appointed chief consultant, had a sexual relationship. However, Cohn continued to deny he was gay and he even lent his support to anti-gay political campaigns. In 1984, he was diagnosed with AIDs, but he attemped to keep it secret by saying he had liver cancer. Despite aggressive drug treatment, he died on August 2, 1986 (six months after the Cohn in Kushner's play) at the age of 54.

Roy Cohn was also portrayed by actor [http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0000249/ James Woods] in the 1992 biographical television movie [http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0103973/ ''Citizen Cohn''].

==Study Questions==
#What is Roy Cohn's profession?
#What is Roy's favorite Broadway musical? What does this suggest about the character?
#While he is conducting business, what does Roy keep insisting Joe do?
#What job does Roy offer to Joe and what would it require Joe to do?
#Why does Joe tell Roy that he has to "think about" his job offer?
#Who is the Attorney General at the time of the play?
#What is the meaning of “only in America”? - Does a persons life change for better or worse by living in the United States? Does living in the U.S. mark a turning point for religious and political history?
# Why did Joe started to leave Roy's office in scene 2?
# What is Joe religion?

==External Resources==
*[http://www.hbo.com/films/angelsinamerica/video/index.html HBO Conversations with the Actors]
*[http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i43/43b00701.htm The Chronicle Review: Only in America] - By Eric Hobsbawm

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.
*Borreca, Art. "''Angels in America'', Part 1: Millennium Approaches." ''Theatre Journal'' 45.2 (May 1993): 235.

------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 3]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Millennium Approaches 1.2

2006-04-24T18:46:27Z

Jlewis: /* Summary */

==Summary==
Joseph Pitt sits waiting in Roy Cohn's office while Roy conducts business with several people through his phone system. Roy is loud and obscene until Joe asks him to "please not use the Lord's name in vain" (20). When Roy asks what religion he is, Joe tells him that he is Mormon. Roy then suddenly offers Joe a job in the Justice Department in Washington, DC. Joe says that "it's incredibly exciting" but that he must talk to his wife before accepting the job (22).
Joe is sitting in Roy office. Roy is doing a lot of business on the telephone. In scene 2 he states that " I wish I was an octopus,a fucking octopus. Eight loving arms and all those suckers (17). Roy was letting us know the phone task is a multiple job. Roy uses lots of profanity while Joe is waiting. Joe get upset when Roy uses the "Lord's name in vain (20). Joe was offered to go to Washington for a job with Internal Affairs. Roy wanted an answer from Joe right away. Joe had to give this some thought.Joe need to talk to his wife about going to Washington.

== Notes ==
[[Image:LaCage1.jpg|right|thumb|''La Cage aux Folles'']]
*'''''Cats''''' (18) - a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cats_%28musical%29 musical] composed by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber Andrew Lloyd Webber] in 1978 and based on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Possum%27s_Book_of_Practical_Cats ''Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats''] by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._S._Eliot T. S. Eliot].

*'''''42nd Street''''' (18) - a Broadway [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/42nd_Street_%28musical%29 musical]. It premiered in New York City in 1980 and is considered one of the most successful productions in the history of Broadway theater.

*'''''La Cage''''' (18) - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles ''La Cage aux Folles''] is a French play that became Broadway's first "homosexual" musical in 1983.

*'''Schtupping''' (20)- an offensive or indecent slang term for sexual intercourse.

*'''Baptist''' (21)- The largest protestant [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_denomination religious denomination] based on Christian Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, or John in the United States that are particularly insistent on the separation of church and state.

*'''Catholic''' (21)- A universal religion comprehensive of all mankind that is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LiberaL liberal].

*'''Mormon''' (21) - the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mormon name] given to members of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement Latter Day Saint movement].

*'''Ed Meese''' (21) - the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Meese seventy-fifth] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General Attorney General] of the United States from 1985 to 1988.

==Commentary==
''Angels in America'''s Roy Cohn is based on the real-life American [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roy_Cohn lawyer] of the same name; however, Kushner's play is not as much "about" Cohn as it is about what "Cohn represents socially and historically" (Borreca). Still, the play's character follows the nonfictional Cohn's life almost flawlessly.

[[Image:Judge.jpg|left|thumb|Roy Marcus Cohn (February 20, 1927 – August 2, 1986).]]

Cohn became famous during [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy Senator Joseph McCarthy's] investigations into Communism in the government and especially during the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army-McCarthy_Hearings Army-McCarthy Hearings]. Cohn was widely unpopular during his lifetime, yet he still gained tremendous political power. He was most famous for his role in the 1951 trial of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethel_Rosenberg Julius and Ethel Rosenberg]. His cross examination of Ethel's brother produced the testimony that was mainly responsible for the defendents' conviction and execution. Cohn took great pride in the case, claiming to have played an even greater role than was realized. In his autobiography, he wrote that his influence had led to the appointment of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irving_Kaufman Judge Irving Kaufman] to the case, and that Kaufman, who was a family friend, had imposed the death penalty on Cohn's personal advice.

It was because of the Rosenberg trial that Cohn, at the age of twenty-four, had been recommended and appointed as McCarthy's chief counsel. In 1954, when McCarthy was censured, Cohn resigned and went into private practice, beginning a thirty-year career as a high-powered attorney in New York City. In the 1970s and 1980s, he was charged three times with professional misconduct but never convicted. However, eventually the New York Bar association brought disbarment proceedings against him for unethical and unprofessional conduct, which caused him to lose his license in the last month of his life.

Although he was extremely conservative in politics, Cohn was rumored to be a homosexual, and it was widely believed that he and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._David_Schine G. David Schine], whom he appointed chief consultant, had a sexual relationship. However, Cohn continued to deny he was gay and he even lent his support to anti-gay political campaigns. In 1984, he was diagnosed with AIDs, but he attemped to keep it secret by saying he had liver cancer. Despite aggressive drug treatment, he died on August 2, 1986 (six months after the Cohn in Kushner's play) at the age of 54.

Roy Cohn was also portrayed by actor [http://us.imdb.com/name/nm0000249/ James Woods] in the 1992 biographical television movie [http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0103973/ ''Citizen Cohn''].

==Study Questions==
#What is Roy Cohn's profession?
#What is Roy's favorite Broadway musical? What does this suggest about the character?
#While he is conducting business, what does Roy keep insisting Joe do?
#What job does Roy offer to Joe and what would it require Joe to do?
#Why does Joe tell Roy that he has to "think about" his job offer?
#Who is the Attorney General at the time of the play?
#What is the meaning of “only in America”? - Does a persons life change for better or worse by living in the United States? Does living in the U.S. mark a turning point for religious and political history?

==External Resources==
*[http://www.hbo.com/films/angelsinamerica/video/index.html HBO Conversations with the Actors]
*[http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i43/43b00701.htm The Chronicle Review: Only in America] - By Eric Hobsbawm

==Works Cited==
*Kushner, Tony. ''Angels in America''. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 1995.
*Borreca, Art. "''Angels in America'', Part 1: Millennium Approaches." ''Theatre Journal'' 45.2 (May 1993): 235.

------
[[Angels in America | Millennium Approaches Act 1 Scene 3]]

[[Category:Literature]]

Breakfast at Tiffany's

2006-03-22T02:41:51Z

Jlewis: /* The Fat Lady */

==Factual Information==
A [[novel]]/[[novella]] by American writer [[Truman Capote]] published in 1958 by Random House, Inc., New York.

http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/capote.htm Truman Capote (1924-1984) - original name Truman Streckfus Persons

==Study Guide==
Below are the thirteen major sections of the [[novella]]. Since Capote did not use chapters, these are indicated by the double line break on the page. There might be more sections, or a more logical means of distinguishing them, but these arbitrary divisions will work for our purposes.

#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 1|Section one (3-14)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 2|Section two (14-47)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 3|Section three (47-53)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 4|Section four (53-55)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 5|Section five (55-63)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 6|Section six (63-72)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7|Section seven (72-74)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 8|Section eight (74-85)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 9|Section nine (85-93)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 10|Section ten (93-97)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 11|Section eleven (97-104)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 12|Section twelve (104-109)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13|Section thirteen (109-111)]]

==Characters==
===Capote/Narrator===
A starting out author who had just gotten his first New York apartment. He becomes friends with Holly and Joe Bell and he later falls in love with Holly. He seems to be a passive man.

===Holly Golightly===
Holly is a spunky 19 year old woman who goes her own way and does her own thing. She is a bit of a vagabond. She only stays in one place for so long. If something starts to go awry, she will pack up her stuff and move on to another place. She lives in apartment #2 of a brownstone apartment complex in New York City. Her apartment reflects her personality, for it always has the look of being just moved in to, and the look of just about to be moved out of.

===Joe Bell===
Joe Bell runs a bar around the corner on Lexington Avenue. He is friends with Holly and the narrator. He took phone messages for them both, and near the end he hired a limo to drive Holly to the airport.

==Major Themes==
===Delight in the Unorthodox===
Plimpton writes that the theme in ''Breakfast at Tiffany’s'' is that there are special, strange gifted people in the world and they have to be treated with understanding (175). When something is unorthodox it breaks with convention or tradition. All of the characters in the novella ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' took delight in unique unorthodox ways. Homosexuality was considered to be unorthodox in the fifties and some people even consider it to be unorthodox today.

Holly Golightly was unorthodox by leaving her husband and by embracing homosexuality like she did. Tison Pugh writes, "...we can see that Holly's friendships with gay men are one sign of her progressive sexual politics" (2). Holly believed in things that were unconventional and unorthodox. Paul Levine writes that,"...Holly too is a hard-headed romantic, a [http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=pragmatic pragmatic] [http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=idealist idealist]" (351). Holly definitely took delight in her unorthodox ways. Not only did Holly Golightly take delight in her unorthodox ways, but the narrator also took delight in his unorthodox ways.

The narrator was more content with just being himself than he was with fitting the mold. Holly Golightly says that all straight men either like baseball or horses, and in her apartment there are books about horses and baseball. The narrator goes over to the book shelf and pretends to be interested when he says, "Pretending an interest in horseflesh and How to Tell It gave me sufficiently private opportunity for sizing Holly's friends" (Capote 35). If the narrator had liked baseball he would have picked up a book on baseball instead of pretending he liked horses. In other words the narrator is gay, and he is not really concerned with other's thoughts.

Joe Bell is also a different type of character. He owns a bar, pops tums like candy, and takes care of flowers. Joe Bell's hobbies are hockey players, [http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art4814.asp weimaraner dogs], and [http://math.boisestate.edu/GaS/ Gilbert and Sullivan] (Capote 4). The narrator even goes on to say that Joe Bell is related to either Gilbert or Sullivan. "Since Sullivan is rumored to be have been a homosexual...the passage slyly hints that the bartender is part of Sullivan's family, a fellow gay man to his beloved composer" (Tison 2). Joe Bell also "arranges flowers with matronly care" (Capote 5). In today's society a masculine straight man does not arrange flowers with matronly care. All three of the main characters took delight in their unorthodox ways.

===Quest for Home/Belonging===

Holly Golightly is a pure example of someone that is untameable. It's no wonder how she got that way. Doc Golightly, her husband, says, "Story was: their mother died of TB ([http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/tb/faqs/qa.htm Tuberculosis]), and their papa done the same - and all the churren, a whole raft of 'em, they been sent off to live with different mean people" (Capote 68). From that line it is obvious that Holly Golightly never really had a home. She appears to spend the rest of her time trying to find one.

One home that Holly has is at Tiffany's. Holly says, "It calms me down right away, the quietness and proud look of it; nothing bad could happen to you there, not with those kind of men in their nice suits, and that lovely smell of silver and alligator wallets. If I could find a real life place that made me feel like Tiffany's, then I'd buy some furniture and give the cat a name" (Capote 40). Matthew Cash states that this scene shows Holly's innocence and search for a home (3).

Holly spends much of her time trying to belong to something or someone while at the same time trying not to. Perhaps she had abandonment issues. "On the first night that Holly came to visit the narrator in his appartment she ends up sleeping beside him, showing that Holly needs someone who is comforting instead of lusting toward her" (Cash 4). Perhaps Holly just needed to feel a love that didn't require anything back of her. Holly was human and she desired love, but at the same time she retreated when the narrator asked her why she was crying. Holly jumps up and heads for the window while hollering, "I hate snoops" (Capote 27). Holly had a desire for a home and a place to belong, but she appeared to be very leary of it all.

===Never Love a Wild Thing===

Holly Golightly considered herself to be wild. She gives Joe Bell this speach and she says, "Never love a wild thing, Mr. Bell...That was Doc's mistake. He was always lugging home wild things. A hawk with a hurt wing. One time it was a full-grown bobcat with a broken leg. But you can't give your heart to a wild thing: the more you do, the stronger they get. Until they're strong enough to run into the woods. Or fly into a tree. then a taller tree. Then the sky. That's how you'll end up, Mr. Bell. If you let yourself love a wild thing. You'll end up looking at the sky" (Capote 74).

Holly goes on to say, "Good luck: and believe me, dearest Doc - it's better to look at the sky than live there. Such an empty place; so vague. Just a country where the thunder goes and things disappear" (Capote 74). In one sentence she is telling Joe Bell not to love a wild thing and in the next she is admitting how unhappy she is. In the beginning of the story Joe Bell admits his love for Holly when he says, "Sure I loved her. But it wasn't that I wanted to touch her" (Capote 9). Maybe Holly knew about Joe Bell's love and was trying to warn him not to love her. While Holly admitted that she was wild she also admitted that she was unhappy.

===Joy/Difficulty of Traveling===

Holly Golightly is a traveler who is searching for somewhere to call home. She even goes so far as to say:"...home is where you feel at home. I'm still looking," she says (Capote 102). Everything she does throughout the book is based on that very way she looks at life (Cash). "I'll never get used to anything. Anybody that does, they might as well be dead" (Capote 19).

Holly only seems to find happiness for a short time and it is quickly followed by something that drives her away. She has bad memories of almost every step of the way. From her marriage to Doc in Texas to her many male callers in New York, there is always something that drives at her.

Holly's age, inexperience, and lack of direction may contribute to her inability to be happy. Her age is revealed by the narrarator:"I thought her anywhere between sixteen and thirty; as it turned out, she was shy two months of her nineteenth birthday."(Capote 12-13). Her inexperience and young age has her unsure what she really wants out of her life. Holly would finally come to realization after losing her no-name cat. And even at the end of the novel, she is still in search of home.

==Major Symbols==
===Tiffany's===

Tiffany's is a jewelry store Holly feels is the best place for her to calm down and feel at home. She explains it as the cure for her "mean reds" to the narrarator (Cash):"What I've found does the most good is just to get into a taxi and go to Tiffany's," Holly says (Capote 40).

Tiffany's also symbolizes what Holly is searching for: a place she feels she belongs. A place she feels no harm can be done to her and she feels safe around men in particular."It calms me down right away, the quietness and the proud look of it; nothing very bad could happen to you there, not with those kind men in their nice suits, and that lovely smell of silver and alligator wallets" (Capote 40).

===The "Mean Reds"===

The "mean reds" was a reoccuring problem Holly has. The narrarator first associated the "mean reds" with the blues (Cash). Holly is quick to denounce that theory. "No, the blues are because you're getting fat or maybe it's been raining too long. You're sad, that's all. But the mean reds are horrible. You're afraid and you sweat like hell, but you don't know what you're afraid of. Except something bad is going to happen, only you don't know what it is"(Capote 40). The narrarator makes another attempt to give an explanation by calling it angst, claiming everyone feels that same way (Cash). Holly takes the suggestion of Rusty Trawler and smokes marijuana and took an aspirin.

===The Fat Lady===

The fat lady was the female detective that wore the civilian clothes. The fat lady hair was " thick yellow braids roped around her head." The fat lady detective talk in a baby voice. She told Holly "come along, sister." You're going places." At this time, Holly did not want the fat lady hands touching her. Holly said: "Get them cotton-pickin hands off of me, you dreary,driveling old bull-dyke." This made the fat lady angry, so she slapped Holly so damned hard across her face,her head spinned to her over shoulder. As the detectives started to escort Holly down the stairs, she yells "please feed the cat."

===The Cat===
Although Holly tries to act like the cat doesn't really matter to her as a possession, she really does feel that it belongs to her. Holly never really admits this fact until she leaves the cat, then can't find it. "Oh Jesus God. we did belong to each other. He was mine." (Capote 109) The cat is one of the few things that holly truly feels is hers. Every time the cat appears in the story he seems to be the exact opposite of Holly, or acting in a complete opposite manner as Holly. "Her at losing her nameless, battered "slob" of a cat, far from being a sentimental excess on her part (and the narrator's), is an intensely serious expression of profound fear of relinquishment." (Nance) Holly shares a feeling of not belonging and acting on a moments notice with the cat. "Like the ugly tom cat she picks up by the river one day, her existence is improvised" (Hassan) Holly finally shows her fear of "perpetual homelessness" (Hassan) when she drops the cat off in Spanish Harlem, and after not being able to find it says: “I’m very scared, Buster. Yes, at last. Because it could go on forever. Not knowing what's yours until you've thrown it away." (Capote 109)

===The Bird Cage===

The narrator gives Holly the bird cage as a gift. The bird cage cost three-hundred fifty dollars. The bird cage came from Tiffany's. In return Holly gives the narrtor a Saint Christopher's Metal.

==Influences==

==Additional Resources==
*Capote, Truman. The Complete Stories of Truman Capote. New York: The Random House Publishing Group, 2004.

*Clarke, Gerald. Capote: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988.

*Garsen, Helen S. Truman Capote. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Company, 1980.

*Goyen, William. "That Old Valentine Maker". New York Times Book Review November 1958:5,38.

==Works Cited==
*Capote, Truman. ''Breakfast at Tiffany's''. New York: Vintage Books - A division of Random House, 1993.

*Cash, Matthew. ''The Breakfast at Tiffany's Homepage''. 1996. University of Michigan. 14 March 2006. <www.personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html>

*Hassan, Ihab H. "Wisconsin Studies in Contemporary Literature". Vol.1, No.2. Spring, 1960. pp.5-21

*Levine, Paul. ''Book Review of Breakfeast at Tiffany's/Levine''. The Georgia Review.3/(1959): 350-352

*Nance, Willaim L."The Worlds of Truman Capote, Stein and Day" 1970.Contemporary Literary Criticism.

*Plimpton, George. ''Truman Capote: In Which Various Friends, Enemies, Acquaintances,and Detractors Recall His Turbulent Career''. New York: Doubleday Dell Publishing Group. 1997.

*Pugh, Tison. ''Capote's Breakfast at Tiffany's''. ''The Explicator''. 6/(2002): 51-53

[[Category:Literature]]

Breakfast at Tiffany's

2006-03-22T02:08:34Z

Jlewis: /* The Bird Cage */

==Factual Information==
A [[novel]]/[[novella]] by American writer [[Truman Capote]] published in 1958 by Random House, Inc., New York.

http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/capote.htm Truman Capote (1924-1984) - original name Truman Streckfus Persons

==Study Guide==
Below are the thirteen major sections of the [[novella]]. Since Capote did not use chapters, these are indicated by the double line break on the page. There might be more sections, or a more logical means of distinguishing them, but these arbitrary divisions will work for our purposes.

#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 1|Section one (3-14)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 2|Section two (14-47)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 3|Section three (47-53)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 4|Section four (53-55)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 5|Section five (55-63)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 6|Section six (63-72)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7|Section seven (72-74)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 8|Section eight (74-85)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 9|Section nine (85-93)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 10|Section ten (93-97)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 11|Section eleven (97-104)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 12|Section twelve (104-109)]]
#[[Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13|Section thirteen (109-111)]]

==Characters==
===Capote/Narrator===
A starting out author who had just gotten his first New York apartment. He becomes friends with Holly and Joe Bell and he later falls in love with Holly. He seems to be a passive man.

===Holly Golightly===
Holly is a spunky 19 year old woman who goes her own way and does her own thing. She is a bit of a vagabond. She only stays in one place for so long. If something starts to go awry, she will pack up her stuff and move on to another place. She lives in apartment #2 of a brownstone apartment complex in New York City. Her apartment reflects her personality, for it always has the look of being just moved in to, and the look of just about to be moved out of.

===Joe Bell===
Joe Bell runs a bar around the corner on Lexington Avenue. He is friends with Holly and the narrator. He took phone messages for them both, and near the end he hired a limo to drive Holly to the airport.

==Major Themes==
===Delight in the Unorthodox===
Plimpton writes that the theme in ''Breakfast at Tiffany’s'' is that there are special, strange gifted people in the world and they have to be treated with understanding (175). When something is unorthodox it breaks with convention or tradition. All of the characters in the novella ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' took delight in unique unorthodox ways. Homosexuality was considered to be unorthodox in the fifties and some people even consider it to be unorthodox today.

Holly Golightly was unorthodox by leaving her husband and by embracing homosexuality like she did. Tison Pugh writes, "...we can see that Holly's friendships with gay men are one sign of her progressive sexual politics" (2). Holly believed in things that were unconventional and unorthodox. Paul Levine writes that,"...Holly too is a hard-headed romantic, a [http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=pragmatic pragmatic] [http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=idealist idealist]" (351). Holly definitely took delight in her unorthodox ways. Not only did Holly Golightly take delight in her unorthodox ways, but the narrator also took delight in his unorthodox ways.

The narrator was more content with just being himself than he was with fitting the mold. Holly Golightly says that all straight men either like baseball or horses, and in her apartment there are books about horses and baseball. The narrator goes over to the book shelf and pretends to be interested when he says, "Pretending an interest in horseflesh and How to Tell It gave me sufficiently private opportunity for sizing Holly's friends" (Capote 35). If the narrator had liked baseball he would have picked up a book on baseball instead of pretending he liked horses. In other words the narrator is gay, and he is not really concerned with other's thoughts.

Joe Bell is also a different type of character. He owns a bar, pops tums like candy, and takes care of flowers. Joe Bell's hobbies are hockey players, [http://www.bellaonline.com/articles/art4814.asp weimaraner dogs], and [http://math.boisestate.edu/GaS/ Gilbert and Sullivan] (Capote 4). The narrator even goes on to say that Joe Bell is related to either Gilbert or Sullivan. "Since Sullivan is rumored to be have been a homosexual...the passage slyly hints that the bartender is part of Sullivan's family, a fellow gay man to his beloved composer" (Tison 2). Joe Bell also "arranges flowers with matronly care" (Capote 5). In today's society a masculine straight man does not arrange flowers with matronly care. All three of the main characters took delight in their unorthodox ways.

===Quest for Home/Belonging===

Holly Golightly is a pure example of someone that is untameable. It's no wonder how she got that way. Doc Golightly, her husband, says, "Story was: their mother died of TB ([http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/tb/faqs/qa.htm Tuberculosis]), and their papa done the same - and all the churren, a whole raft of 'em, they been sent off to live with different mean people" (Capote 68). From that line it is obvious that Holly Golightly never really had a home. She appears to spend the rest of her time trying to find one.

One home that Holly has is at Tiffany's. Holly says, "It calms me down right away, the quietness and proud look of it; nothing bad could happen to you there, not with those kind of men in their nice suits, and that lovely smell of silver and alligator wallets. If I could find a real life place that made me feel like Tiffany's, then I'd buy some furniture and give the cat a name" (Capote 40). Matthew Cash states that this scene shows Holly's innocence and search for a home (3).

Holly spends much of her time trying to belong to something or someone while at the same time trying not to. Perhaps she had abandonment issues. "On the first night that Holly came to visit the narrator in his appartment she ends up sleeping beside him, showing that Holly needs someone who is comforting instead of lusting toward her" (Cash 4). Perhaps Holly just needed to feel a love that didn't require anything back of her. Holly was human and she desired love, but at the same time she retreated when the narrator asked her why she was crying. Holly jumps up and heads for the window while hollering, "I hate snoops" (Capote 27). Holly had a desire for a home and a place to belong, but she appeared to be very leary of it all.

===Never Love a Wild Thing===

Holly Golightly considered herself to be wild. She gives Joe Bell this speach and she says, "Never love a wild thing, Mr. Bell...That was Doc's mistake. He was always lugging home wild things. A hawk with a hurt wing. One time it was a full-grown bobcat with a broken leg. But you can't give your heart to a wild thing: the more you do, the stronger they get. Until they're strong enough to run into the woods. Or fly into a tree. then a taller tree. Then the sky. That's how you'll end up, Mr. Bell. If you let yourself love a wild thing. You'll end up looking at the sky" (Capote 74).

Holly goes on to say, "Good luck: and believe me, dearest Doc - it's better to look at the sky than live there. Such an empty place; so vague. Just a country where the thunder goes and things disappear" (Capote 74). In one sentence she is telling Joe Bell not to love a wild thing and in the next she is admitting how unhappy she is. In the beginning of the story Joe Bell admits his love for Holly when he says, "Sure I loved her. But it wasn't that I wanted to touch her" (Capote 9). Maybe Holly knew about Joe Bell's love and was trying to warn him not to love her. While Holly admitted that she was wild she also admitted that she was unhappy.

===Joy/Difficulty of Traveling===

Holly Golightly is a traveler who is searching for somewhere to call home. She even goes so far as to say:"...home is where you feel at home. I'm still looking," she says (Capote 102). Everything she does throughout the book is based on that very way she looks at life (Cash). "I'll never get used to anything. Anybody that does, they might as well be dead" (Capote 19).

Holly only seems to find happiness for a short time and it is quickly followed by something that drives her away. She has bad memories of almost every step of the way. From her marriage to Doc in Texas to her many male callers in New York, there is always something that drives at her.

Holly's age, inexperience, and lack of direction may contribute to her inability to be happy. Her age is revealed by the narrarator:"I thought her anywhere between sixteen and thirty; as it turned out, she was shy two months of her nineteenth birthday."(Capote 12-13). Her inexperience and young age has her unsure what she really wants out of her life. Holly would finally come to realization after losing her no-name cat. And even at the end of the novel, she is still in search of home.

==Major Symbols==
===Tiffany's===

Tiffany's is a jewelry store Holly feels is the best place for her to calm down and feel at home. She explains it as the cure for her "mean reds" to the narrarator (Cash):"What I've found does the most good is just to get into a taxi and go to Tiffany's," Holly says (Capote 40).

Tiffany's also symbolizes what Holly is searching for: a place she feels she belongs. A place she feels no harm can be done to her and she feels safe around men in particular."It calms me down right away, the quietness and the proud look of it; nothing very bad could happen to you there, not with those kind men in their nice suits, and that lovely smell of silver and alligator wallets" (Capote 40).

===The "Mean Reds"===

The "mean reds" was a reoccuring problem Holly has. The narrarator first associated the "mean reds" with the blues (Cash). Holly is quick to denounce that theory. "No, the blues are because you're getting fat or maybe it's been raining too long. You're sad, that's all. But the mean reds are horrible. You're afraid and you sweat like hell, but you don't know what you're afraid of. Except something bad is going to happen, only you don't know what it is"(Capote 40). The narrarator makes another attempt to give an explanation by calling it angst, claiming everyone feels that same way (Cash). Holly takes the suggestion of Rusty Trawler and smokes marijuana and took an aspirin.

===The Fat Lady===

===The Cat===
Although Holly tries to act like the cat doesn't really matter to her as a possession, she really does feel that it belongs to her. Holly never really admits this fact until she leaves the cat, then can't find it. "Oh Jesus God. we did belong to each other. He was mine." (Capote 109) The cat is one of the few things that holly truly feels is hers. Every time the cat appears in the story he seems to be the exact opposite of Holly, or acting in a complete opposite manner as Holly. "Her at losing her nameless, battered "slob" of a cat, far from being a sentimental excess on her part (and the narrator's), is an intensely serious expression of profound fear of relinquishment." (Nance) Holly shares a feeling of not belonging and acting on a moments notice with the cat. "Like the ugly tom cat she picks up by the river one day, her existence is improvised" (Hassan) Holly finally shows her fear of "perpetual homelessness" (Hassan) when she drops the cat off in Spanish Harlem, and after not being able to find it says: “I’m very scared, Buster. Yes, at last. Because it could go on forever. Not knowing what's yours until you've thrown it away." (Capote 109)

===The Bird Cage===
The narrator gives Holly the bird cage as a gift. The bird cage cost three-hundred fifty dollars. The bird cage came from Tiffany's. In return Holly gives the narrtor a Saint Christopher's Metal.

==Influences==

==Additional Resources==
*Capote, Truman. The Complete Stories of Truman Capote. New York: The Random House Publishing Group, 2004.

*Clarke, Gerald. Capote: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1988.

*Garsen, Helen S. Truman Capote. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Company, 1980.

*Goyen, William. "That Old Valentine Maker". New York Times Book Review November 1958:5,38.

==Works Cited==
*Capote, Truman. ''Breakfast at Tiffany's''. New York: Vintage Books - A division of Random House, 1993.

*Cash, Matthew. ''The Breakfast at Tiffany's Homepage''. 1996. University of Michigan. 14 March 2006. <www.personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html>

*Hassan, Ihab H. "Wisconsin Studies in Contemporary Literature". Vol.1, No.2. Spring, 1960. pp.5-21

*Levine, Paul. ''Book Review of Breakfeast at Tiffany's/Levine''. The Georgia Review.3/(1959): 350-352

*Nance, Willaim L."The Worlds of Truman Capote, Stein and Day" 1970.Contemporary Literary Criticism.

*Plimpton, George. ''Truman Capote: In Which Various Friends, Enemies, Acquaintances,and Detractors Recall His Turbulent Career''. New York: Doubleday Dell Publishing Group. 1997.

*Pugh, Tison. ''Capote's Breakfast at Tiffany's''. ''The Explicator''. 6/(2002): 51-53

[[Category:Literature]]

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13

2006-03-21T21:15:41Z

Jlewis: /* Commentary */

== Summary ==
[[Image:Section 13.jpg|thumb| Holly and the cat]]
The narrator notices the decreasing mention of Holly in the news and finds himself longing to be with her once again. He reads in the headlines of a newspaper about Sally Tomato's death and how Holly is believed to be in Rio. Holly's "abandoned possessions" are sold, and a man name Quaintance Smith moves into her old apartment. Mr. Quaintance entertains as many friends as Holly did, and Madame Spanella has no problem with him or his noisy friends. Madame Spanella evens comes to Mr. Quaintance's aid when he is bruised by one of his guest. Little is heard of from Holly, until the narrator receives a postcard in the spring. It appears she has met someone new and is looking for somewhere to live. Holly informs him that Brazil was too tough, but she has moved to Buenos Aires and she likes it. She explains how it is not Tiffany's but close. The new gentleman that she is interested in is a guy she calls $enor. He is married and has seven children. Holly believes that she is in love with him. The narrator is excited at the thought of hearing from Holly again. He wishes he had an address in which to write Holly to tell her, he read in the newspaper that the Trawlers are getting a divorce and they are moving out of the brownstone, and that he sold two of his stories. Most important, he wanted Holly to know that he found her cat.

== Notes ==
*'''Arican Hut''' (111) - A single story [http://www.cvmbs.colostate.edu/mip/leprosy/huts.jpg building] made up of natural materials usually wood, which is used for shelter or a house.
*'''Brazil''' (110) - The largest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil country] in Eastern South America that was founded by the Portuguese in the 1500. [[Image:Brownstone.jpg|thumb|Brownstone Apartment]]

*'''Brownstone''' (110) - Perfers to old brick apartment where Holly once lived.

*'''Buenos Aires''' (110) - The largest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos-Aires country] in Argentina. Located in the eastern part of the country on the Rio de la Plata. Was founded by the Spanish in 1536. Buenos Aires became the capital of Argentina in 1862.

*'''Countersue''' (110) - Means one party to sue a second party who is already suing the first party.

*'''Flanked''' (110) -Means to be beside someone or something.

*'''Gangland Victim''' (109) - A person who is exploited by underground, orgainized crime.

*'''Gossip-Column''' (109) - A [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip_column gossip column] is a media feature about celebrities' private serects or rumors that has been spread about them.

*'''Mille Tendresse''' (110) - A term translated into English means, mille: thousand and tendresse: affection. Which close in the American speaking tongue to say lots of love.

*'''Rio''' (109) - Rio de Janeiro, a state and a city in Southeastern Brazil.

*'''Sing Sing''' (109) - A prison in New York.

*'''Spanish Harlem''' (110) - Area urbanized by the addition of brownstones and apartment buildings in the 1880's. Predominantly Hispanic, it is also referred to as East Harlem, found in New York City.

*'''Two bits''' (109) - [http://www.snopes.com/humor/jokes/quarters.asp quarter] Equal to one quarter.

*'''Quaintance Smith''' (110) - The man that moved into Holly's apartment after she moved out. "...a new tenant acquired the apartment, his name was Quaintance Smith, and he entertained as many gentlemen callers of a noisy nature as Holly ever had..." (Capote 110).

== Commentary ==
The last section of the novella focuses on the narrator's last regrets concerning Holly. The gossip in the paper dies down and he goes through the months of winter hoping to hear from her. In the time that has passed since she left, a man named Quaintance Smith has moved into her old apartment. He receives far better treatment from Madame Spanella that Holly did. He hosts parties and has the occasional black eye, for which Spanella aids him with "filet mignon" (110).

The novella ends with the narrator's hope that Holly has finally found a home, a venture in which her cat has been successful. He regrets most that he cannot reach Holly to tell her about the cat. He expresses that whether it be an "African hut or whatever," he hopes Holly "arrived somewhere [she] belonged" (111).

Holly jumps back into the car and tell the driver to drive off. The narrator is shock the way Holly treated the cat. At the next stop Holly opens the door and runs back looking for the cat. It is to late the cat is gone and can't be found."Oh, Jesus God,"she says, " We did belong to each other"(109).

== Study Questions ==
#What is the name of the new tenant in Holly's old apartment?
#What happened to her belongings?
#What is the one thing he wishes to tell Holly the most?
#Who found Holly's cat?
#How did Sally Tomato die?
#What day did Sally Tomato die?
#What does the narrator promise Holly?
#Where did Sally Tomato die?
#Where did Holly write from?
#What does the narrator hope Holly will find?
#What is the name of Holly's new friend?
#How long did it take the narrator to find the cat?

== External Resources ==

*Cash, Matthew. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html A Travelin' Through the Pastures of the Sky: A Critical Analysis of Breakfast at Tiffany's]. 1996.

== Works Cited ==

* Capote, Truman. ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' . New York: Random House Inc., 1958.

*Cash, Mathew. ''The Breakfast at Tiffany's Homepage - A Critical Analysis''. 1996. ''University of Michigan''. 14 March 2006. <www.personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html>

----
[[Breakfast at Tiffany's]]
----

----

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13

2006-03-21T17:07:53Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

== Summary ==
[[Image:Section 13.jpg|thumb| Holly and the cat]]
The narrator notices the decreasing mention of Holly in the news and finds himself longing to be with her once again. He reads in the headlines of a newspaper about Sally Tomato's death and how Holly is believed to be in Rio. Holly's "abandoned possessions" are sold, and a man name Quaintance Smith moves into her old apartment. Mr. Quaintance entertains as many friends as Holly did, and Madame Spanella has no problem with him or his noisy friends. Madame Spanella evens comes to Mr. Quaintance's aid when he is bruised by one of his guest. Little is heard of from Holly, until the narrator receives a postcard in the spring. It appears she has met someone new and is looking for somewhere to live. Holly informs him that Brazil was too tough, but she has moved to Buenos Aires and she likes it. She explains how it is not Tiffany's but close. The new gentleman that she is interested in is a guy she calls $enor. He is married and has seven children. Holly believes that she is in love with him. The narrator is excited at the thought of hearing from Holly again. He wishes he had an address in which to write Holly to tell her, he read in the newspaper that the Trawlers are getting a divorce and they are moving out of the brownstone, and that he sold two of his stories. Most important, he wanted Holly to know that he found her cat.

== Notes ==
*'''Arican Hut''' (111) - A single story [http://www.cvmbs.colostate.edu/mip/leprosy/huts.jpg building] made up of natural materials usually wood, which is used for shelter or a house.
*'''Brazil''' (110) - The largest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil country] in Eastern South America that was founded by the Portuguese in the 1500.

*'''Brownstone''' (110) - Perfers to old brick apartment where Holly once lived..[[Image:Brownstone.jpg|thumb|Brownstone Apartment]]

*'''Buenos Aires''' (110) - The largest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos-Aires country] in Argentina. Located in the eastern part of the country on the Rio de la Plata. Was founded by the Spanish in 1536. Buenos Aires became the capital of Argentina in 1862.

*'''Countersue''' (110) - Means one party to sue a second party who is already suing the first party.

*'''Flanked''' (110) -Means to be beside someone or something.

*'''Gangland Victim''' (109) - A person who is exploited by underground, orgainized crime.

*'''Gossip-Column''' (109) - A [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip_column gossip column] is a media feature about celebrities' private serects or rumors that has been spread about them.

*'''Mille Tendresse''' (110) - A term translated into English means, mille: thousand and tendresse: affection. Which close in the American speaking tongue to say lots of love.

*'''Rio''' (109) - Rio de Janeiro, a state and a city in Southeastern Brazil.

*'''Sing Sing''' (109) - A prison in New York.

*'''Spanish Harlem''' (110) - Area urbanized by the addition of brownstones and apartment buildings in the 1880's. Predominantly Hispanic, it is also referred to as East Harlem, found in New York City.

*'''Two bits''' (109) - [http://www.snopes.com/humor/jokes/quarters.asp quarter] Equal to one quarter.

*'''Quaintance Smith''' (110) - The man that moved into Holly's apartment after she moved out. "...a new tenant acquired the apartment, his name was Quaintance Smith, and he entertained as many gentlemen callers of a noisy nature as Holly ever had..." (Capote 110).

== Commentary ==
The last section of the novella focuses on the narrator's last regrets concerning Holly. The gossip in the paper dies down and he goes through the months of winter hoping to hear from her. In the time that has passed since she left, a man named Quaintance Smith has moved into her old apartment. He receives far better treatment from Madame Spanella that Holly did. He hosts parties and has the occasional black eye, for which Spanella aids him with "filet mignon" (110).

The novella ends with the narrator's hope that Holly has finally found a home, a venture in which her cat has been successful. He regrets most that he cannot reach Holly to tell her about the cat. He expresses that whether it be an "African hut or whatever," he hopes Holly "arrived somewhere [she] belonged" (111).

Holly jumps back into the car and tell the driver to drive off. The narrator is shock the wat Holly treated the cat. At the next stop Holly opens the door and runs back looking for the cat. It is to late the cat is gone and can't be found."Oh, Jesus God,"she says, " We did belong to each other"(109).

== Study Questions ==
#What is the name of the new tenant in Holly's old apartment?
#What happened to her belongings?
#What is the one thing he wishes to tell Holly the most?
#Who found Holly's cat?
#How did Sally Tomato die?
#What day did Sally Tomato die?
#What does the narrator promise Holly?
#Where did Sally Tomato die?
#Where did Holly write from?
#What does the narrator hope Holly will find?
#What is the name of Holly's new friend?
#How long did it take the narrator to find the cat?

== External Resources ==

*Cash, Matthew. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html A Travelin' Through the Pastures of the Sky: A Critical Analysis of Breakfast at Tiffany's]. 1996.

== Works Cited ==

* Capote, Truman. ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' . New York: Random House Inc., 1958.

*Cash, Mathew. ''The Breakfast at Tiffany's Homepage - A Critical Analysis''. 1996. ''University of Michigan''. 14 March 2006. <www.personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html>

----
[[Breakfast at Tiffany's]]
----

----

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13

2006-03-21T16:48:27Z

Jlewis: /* Commentary */

== Summary ==
[[Image:Section 13.jpg|thumb| Holly and the cat]]
The narrator notices the decreasing mention of Holly in the news and finds himself longing to be with her once again. He reads in the headlines of a newspaper about Sally Tomato's death and how Holly is believed to be in Rio. Holly's "abandoned possessions" are sold, and a man name Quaintance Smith moves into her old apartment. Mr. Quaintance entertains as many friends as Holly did, and Madame Spanella has no problem with him or his noisy friends. Madame Spanella evens comes to Mr. Quaintance's aid when he is bruised by one of his guest. Little is heard of from Holly, until the narrator receives a postcard in the spring. It appears she has met someone new and is looking for somewhere to live. Holly informs him that Brazil was too tough, but she has moved to Buenos Aires and she likes it. She explains how it is not Tiffany's but close. The new gentleman that she is interested in is a guy she calls $enor. He is married and has seven children. Holly believes that she is in love with him. The narrator is excited at the thought of hearing from Holly again. He wishes he had an address in which to write Holly to tell her, he read in the newspaper that the Trawlers are getting a divorce and they are moving out of the brownstone, and that he sold two of his stories. Most important, he wanted Holly to know that he found her cat.

== Notes ==
*'''Arican Hut''' (111) - A single story [http://www.cvmbs.colostate.edu/mip/leprosy/huts.jpg building] made up of natural materials usually wood, which is used for shelter or a house.
*'''Brazil''' (110) - The largest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazil country] in Eastern South America that was founded by the Portuguese in the 1500.

*'''Brownstone''' (110) - Perfers to old brick apartment where Holly once lived.

*'''Buenos Aires''' (110) - The largest [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buenos-Aires country] in Argentina. Located in the eastern part of the country on the Rio de la Plata. Was founded by the Spanish in 1536. Buenos Aires became the capital of Argentina in 1862.

*'''Countersue''' (110) - Means one party to sue a second party who is already suing the first party.

*'''Flanked''' (110) -Means to be beside someone or something.

*'''Gangland Victim''' (109) - A person who is exploited by underground, orgainized crime.

*'''Gossip-Column''' (109) - A [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip_column gossip column] is a media feature about celebrities' private serects or rumors that has been spread about them.

*'''Mille Tendresse''' (110) - A term translated into English means, mille: thousand and tendresse: affection. Which close in the American speaking tongue to say lots of love.

*'''Rio''' (109) - Rio de Janeiro, a state and a city in Southeastern Brazil.

*'''Sing Sing''' (109) - A prison in New York.

*'''Spanish Harlem''' (110) - Area urbanized by the addition of brownstones and apartment buildings in the 1880's. Predominantly Hispanic, it is also referred to as East Harlem, found in New York City.

*'''Two bits''' (109) - [http://www.snopes.com/humor/jokes/quarters.asp quarter] Equal to one quarter.

*'''Quaintance Smith''' (110) - The man that moved into Holly's apartment after she moved out. "...a new tenant acquired the apartment, his name was Quaintance Smith, and he entertained as many gentlemen callers of a noisy nature as Holly ever had..." (Capote 110).

== Commentary ==
The last section of the novella focuses on the narrator's last regrets concerning Holly. The gossip in the paper dies down and he goes through the months of winter hoping to hear from her. In the time that has passed since she left, a man named Quaintance Smith has moved into her old apartment. He receives far better treatment from Madame Spanella that Holly did. He hosts parties and has the occasional black eye, for which Spanella aids him with "filet mignon" (110).

The novella ends with the narrator's hope that Holly has finally found a home, a venture in which her cat has been successful. He regrets most that he cannot reach Holly to tell her about the cat. He expresses that whether it be an "African hut or whatever," he hopes Holly "arrived somewhere [she] belonged" (111).

Holly jumps back into the car and tell the driver to drive off. The narrator is shock the wat Holly treated the cat. At the next stop Holly opens the door and runs back looking for the cat. It is to late the cat is gone and can't be found."Oh, Jesus God,"she says, " We did belong to each other"(109).

== Study Questions ==
#What is the name of the new tenant in Holly's old apartment?
#What happened to her belongings?
#What is the one thing he wishes to tell Holly the most?
#Who found Holly's cat?
#How did Sally Tomato die?
#What day did Sally Tomato die?
#What does the narrator promise Holly?
#Where did Sally Tomato die?
#Where did Holly write from?
#What does the narrator hope Holly will find?
#What is the name of Holly's new friend?
#How long did it take the narrator to find the cat?

== External Resources ==

*Cash, Matthew. [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~bcash/criticalanalysis.html A Travelin' Through the Pastures of the Sky: A Critical Analysis of Breakfast at Tiffany's]. 1996.

== Works Cited ==

* Capote, Truman. ''Breakfast at Tiffany's'' . New York: Random House Inc., 1958.

----
[[Breakfast at Tiffany's]]
----

----

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13

2006-03-17T02:40:16Z

Jlewis: /* Notes */

== Summary ==
In this section, the narrator is daydreaming about Holly and longing for her to be with him once again. He is reading the headlines of a newspaper about Sally Tomato's death and how Holly is believed to be in Rio. He wishes he had an address in which to write Holly to tell her that he found her cat and catch up on what she is up to.

== Notes ==
'''Rio''' - Rio de Janeiro, a state and a city in Southeastern Brazil.

'''Sing Sing''' - A prison in New York.

* brownstone-perfers to old brick apartment where Holly once lived.

== Commentary ==

== Study Questions ==
1. What is the name of the new tenant in Holly's old apartment?

2. What happened to her belongings?

3. What are the two main things he wishes to tell Holly?

4. Who found Holly's cat?

5. How did Sally Tomato die?

6. What day did Sally Tomato die?

== External Resources ==

== Works Cited ==

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 13

2006-03-17T02:29:54Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

== Summary ==
In this section, the narrator is daydreaming about Holly and longing for her to be with him once again. He is reading the headlines of a newspaper about Sally Tomato's death and how Holly is believed to be in Rio. He wishes he had an address in which to write Holly to tell her that he found her cat and catch up on what she is up to.

== Notes ==
'''Rio''' - Rio de Janeiro, a state and a city in Southeastern Brazil.

'''Sing Sing''' - A prison in New York.

== Commentary ==

== Study Questions ==
1. What is the name of the new tenant in Holly's old apartment?

2. What happened to her belongings?

3. What are the two main things he wishes to tell Holly?

4. Who found Holly's cat?

5. How did Sally Tomato die?

6. What day did Sally Tomato die?

== External Resources ==

== Works Cited ==

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T02:23:48Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

== Summary ==

Holly and the protangist are in Joe Bell's tarven discussing her evening with her husband Doc Golightly. She is telling the protangist and Joe that she feels that Doc's mistake was his "love" for wild things. Holly offers a toast to Doc, believeing that he has made it to the Blue Mountains.

== Notes ==
* martini-a drink, a cocktail consist of gin and vodka.

* tums-antacids for gas.a breath mint.

== Commentary ==
* tums-antacids for gas. a breath mint.

== Study Questions ==

1. What time are Holly and the protangist at Joe Bell's bar? How many rounds have they already had?

2. What mistake did Holly believe Doc was making?

3. Why did Holly need to explain or justify herself to Mr. Bell?

4. What does havinig the reds means?

5. What was the new tenant name? Was he gay?

6. Who found Holly's cat?

== External Resources ==

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T02:15:46Z

Jlewis: /* Notes */

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T02:13:52Z

Jlewis: /* Commentary */

== Summary ==

Holly and the protangist are in Joe Bell's tarven discussing her evening with her husband Doc Golightly. She is telling the protangist and Joe that she feels that Doc's mistake was his "love" for wild things. Holly offers a toast to Doc, believeing that he has made it to the Blue Mountains.

== Notes ==
* martini-a drink, a cocktail consist of gin and vodka.

== Commentary ==
* tums-antacids for gas. a breath mint.

== Study Questions ==

1. What time are Holly and the protangist at Joe Bell's bar? How many rounds have they already had?

2. What mistake did Holly believe Doc was making?

3. Why did Holly need to explain or justify herself to Mr. Bell?

4. What does havinig the reds means?

== External Resources ==

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T01:55:03Z

Jlewis: /* Notes */

== Summary ==

Holly and the protangist are in Joe Bell's tarven discussing her evening with her husband Doc Golightly. She is telling the protangist and Joe that she feels that Doc's mistake was his "love" for wild things. Holly offers a toast to Doc, believeing that he has made it to the Blue Mountains.

== Notes ==
* martini-a drink, a cocktail consist of gin and vodka.

== Commentary ==

== Study Questions ==

1. What time are Holly and the protangist at Joe Bell's bar? How many rounds have they already had?

2. What mistake did Holly believe Doc was making?

3. Why did Holly need to explain or justify herself to Mr. Bell?

4. What does havinig the reds means?

== External Resources ==

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T01:35:37Z

Jlewis: /* Study Questions */

== Summary ==

Holly and the protangist are in Joe Bell's tarven discussing her evening with her husband Doc Golightly. She is telling the protangist and Joe that she feels that Doc's mistake was his "love" for wild things. Holly offers a toast to Doc, believeing that he has made it to the Blue Mountains.

== Notes ==

== Commentary ==

== Study Questions ==

1. What time are Holly and the protangist at Joe Bell's bar? How many rounds have they already had?

2. What mistake did Holly believe Doc was making?

3. Why did Holly need to explain or justify herself to Mr. Bell?

4. What does havinig the reds means?

== External Resources ==

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T01:30:14Z

Jlewis: /* External Resources */

User:Jlewis

2006-03-17T01:23:57Z

Jlewis:

-works cited-

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T01:22:29Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

== Summary ==

Holly and the protangist are in Joe Bell's tarven discussing her evening with her husband Doc Golightly. She is telling the protangist and Joe that she feels that Doc's mistake was his "love" for wild things. Holly offers a toast to Doc, believeing that he has made it to the Blue Mountains.

== Notes ==

== Commentary ==

== Study Questions ==

1. What time are Holly and the protangist at Joe Bell's bar? How many rounds have they already had?

2. What mistake did Holly believe Doc was making?

== External Resources ==
1. Why did Holly need to explain or justify herself to Mr.Bell?
2. What does having the reds mean?

Breakfast at Tiffany's Section 7

2006-03-17T01:21:32Z

Jlewis: /* External Resources */

== Summary ==

Holly and the protangist are in Joe Bell's tarven discussing her evening with her husband Doc Golightly. She is telling the protangist and Joe that she feels that Doc's mistake was his "love" for wild things. Holly offers a toast to Doc, believeing that he has made it to the Blue Mountains.

== Notes ==

== Commentary ==

== Study Questions ==

1. What time are Holly and the protangist at Joe Bell's bar? How many rounds have they already had?

2. What mistake did Holly believe Doc was making?

== External Resources ==
1. Why did Holly need to explain or justify herself to Mr.Bell?
2. What does having the reds mean?

== Works Cited ==

Flashback

2006-02-16T22:20:59Z

Jlewis:

Moving from events in the present to events in the past, and back to the present in a text or film. Cuddon states that flashback is “used to describe any scene or episode in a play, novel, story or poem which is inserted to show events that happened at an earlier time” (321). Flashback is also referred to as analepsis or retrospect. One use of flashback is "to fill in background information about characters and events" (Baldick 9).

According to Barnet,Berman, and Burto flashback or retrospect is "an interruption in the chronological arrangement,presenting an earlier episode than the one that has just been presented " (83). Flashback helps to connect characters, situation, and events. In some cases, this allows the narrative to make more sense. For example, in Babylon Revisited Fitzgerald uses flashback to explain why Charlie was trying to get his daughter back.

==Works Cited==

* Baldick, Chris. ''The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

* Barnet, Sylan, Morton Berman, and William Burto. ''A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic, and Cinematic Terms''. 2nd ed. Canada: Little, Brown and Company, 1960.

* Cuddon, J.A. ''The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory''. 4th ed. London: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1998.

Flashback

2006-02-15T16:42:24Z

Jlewis: /* Flashback */

==Flashback==

Moving from events in the present to events in the past, and back to the present in a text or film. Cuddon states that flashback is “used to describe any scene or episode in a play, novel, story or poem which is inserted to show events that happened at an earlier time.” (321). Flashback is also referred to as analepsis or retrospect

One use of flashback is “to fill in background information about characters and events.” (Baldick 9). Flashback helps to connect characters, situation, and events. In some cases, this allows the narrative to make more sense. For example, in Babylon Revisited Fitzgerald uses flashback to explain why Charlie was trying to get his daughter back.

Jackie Lewis

==Bibliography==

Baldick, Chris. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Barnet, Sylan, Morton Berman, and William Burto. A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic, and Cinematic Terms. 2nd ed. Canada: Little, Brown and Company, 1960.

Cuddon, J.A. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. 4th ed. London: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1998.

Flashback

2006-02-15T16:39:51Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

==Flashback==

Moving from events in the present to events in the past, and back to the present in a text or film. Cuddon states that flashback is “used to describe any scene or episode in a play, novel, story or poem which is inserted to show events that happened at an earlier time.” (321). Flashback is also referred to as analepsis or retrospect

One use of flashback is “to fill in background information about characters and events.” (Baldick 9). Flashback helps to connect characters, situation, and events. In some cases, this allows the narrative to make more sense. For example, in Babylon Revisited Fitzgerald uses flashback to explain why Charlie was trying to get his daughter back.

==Bibliography==

Baldick, Chris. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Barnet, Sylan, Morton Berman, and William Burto. A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic, and Cinematic Terms. 2nd ed. Canada: Little, Brown and Company, 1960.

Cuddon, J.A. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. 4th ed. London: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1998.

Flashback

2006-02-15T16:38:04Z

Jlewis: /* External Link */

==Flashback==

Moving from events in the present to events in the past, and back to the present in a text or film. Cuddon states that flashback is “used to describe any scene or episode in a play, novel, story or poem which is inserted to show events that happened at an earlier time.” (321). Flashback is also referred to as analepsis or retrospect

One use of flashback is “to fill in background information about characters and events.” (Baldick 9). Flashback helps to connect characters, situation, and events. In some cases, this allows the narrative to make more sense. For example, in Babylon Revisited Fitzgerald uses flashback to explain why Charlie was trying to get his daughter back.

==Works Cited==

Baldick, Chris. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Barnet, Sylan, Morton Berman, and William Burto. A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic, and Cinematic Terms. 2nd ed. Canada: Little, Brown and Company, 1960.

Cuddon, J.A. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. 4th ed. London: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1998.

Flashback

2006-02-15T16:35:16Z

Jlewis: /* Works Cited */

==Flashback==

Moving from events in the present to events in the past, and back to the present in a text or film. Cuddon states that flashback is “used to describe any scene or episode in a play, novel, story or poem which is inserted to show events that happened at an earlier time.” (321). Flashback is also referred to as analepsis or retrospect

One use of flashback is “to fill in background information about characters and events.” (Baldick 9). Flashback helps to connect characters, situation, and events. In some cases, this allows the narrative to make more sense. For example, in Babylon Revisited Fitzgerald uses flashback to explain why Charlie was trying to get his daughter back.

==External Link==

[http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/general/glossary.htm#f Glossary of Literary Terms: Flashback]

Flashback

2006-02-15T16:34:24Z

Jlewis: /* Flashback */

==Works Cited==

Baldick, Chris. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

Barnet, Sylan, Morton Berman, and William Burto. A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic, and Cinematic Terms. 2nd ed. Canada: Little, Brown and Company, 1960.

Cuddon, J.A. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory. 4th ed. London: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, 1998.

==External Link==

[http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/general/glossary.htm#f Glossary of Literary Terms: Flashback]

Flashback

2006-02-15T16:32:46Z

Jlewis: /* Flashback */

==Flashback==

Moving from events in the present to events in the past, and back to the present in a text or film. Cuddon states that flashback is “used to describe any scene or episode in a play, novel, story or poem which is inserted to show events that happened at an earlier time.” (321). Flashback is also referred to as analepsis or retrospect

One use of flashback is “to fill in background information about characters and events.” (Baldick 9). Flashback helps to connect characters, situation, and events. In some cases, this allows the narrative to make more sense. For example, in Babylon Revisited Fitzgerald uses flashback to explain why Charlie was trying to get his daughter back.

==External Link==

[http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/general/glossary.htm#f Glossary of Literary Terms: Flashback]