LitWiki - User contributions [en]

Babylon Revisited

2022-12-27T17:01:09Z

Jhary: More CGPT additions as examples.

{{Infobox short story
| name = Babylon Revisited
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[w:F. Scott Fitzgerald|F. Scott Fitzgerald]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| country = United States
| language = English
| series =
| genre =
| published_in = ''[[w:The Saturday Evening Post|The Saturday Evening Post]]''
| publication_type = Magazine
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1931
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

"Babylon Revisited" is a short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald written in 1930. It first appeared in ''The Saturday Evening Post'' on February 21, 1931. "Babylon Revisited" tells the tale of Charles Wales, a former stockbroker who is trying to regain custody of his daughter, Honoria, after a period of financial and personal turmoil. Set in the aftermath of the stock market crash of 1929, the story follows Wales as he navigates the challenges and setbacks of trying to rebuild his life and relationships, all while struggling with his addiction to alcohol. Through Wales's journey, Fitzgerald explores themes of excess and addiction, the importance of family and relationships, and the need for personal growth and change.

==Characters==
===Charlie Wales===
Charlie Wales, 35,{{sfn|Fitzgerald|2002|p=7}} the story’s protagonist, has come to Paris from Prague to regain custody of his daughter, Honoria, from his sister-in-law.

=== Helen Wales ===
Charlie’s dead wife and mother of Honoria. Helen and Charlie shared a drinking problem during the course of their relationship. She passed away due to heart troubles because of a dreadful situation that happened with Charlie. She suffered with pneumonia when Charlie locked her out in a snowstorm, and inevitably died shortly afterwards.

===Honoria Wales===
Honoria is the daughter of Charlie Wales and his deceased wife, Helen. She is also one of the three children that live in the Peters' house.

===Marion Peters===
Marion is a tall woman with worried eyes. She is the sister-in-law to Charlie Wales and sister to the deceased, Helen. She is the antagonist who stands in the way of Charlie getting his daughter back, who she has full custody over.

===Lincoln Peters===
Lincoln is married to Marion Wales and shares custody of Honoria. He is sympathetic for Charlie wants him to be able to have custody of Honoria.

===Lorraine Quarrles===
Lorraine, “a lovely, pale blonde of thirty,”{{cn}} is a friend of Charlie’s from his past. She likely had an affair with Charlie.

She's a big part of Charlie's "bad habits."{{cn}}

===Duncan Shaeffer===
Duncan is a friend of Charlie's from college. His friendship with Charlie affected Charlie's situation with family members.

==Plot==
"Babylon Revisited" is a short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald that tells the story of Charles Wales, a former stockbroker who is trying to regain custody of his daughter, Honoria, after a period of financial and personal turmoil.

At the beginning of the story, Wales is living in Paris and is trying to get his life back on track after losing his fortune and his wife during the stock market crash of 1929. Despite his efforts, Wales is still struggling with his addiction to alcohol and is trying to rebuild his relationships with his family and former friends.

Wales is determined to regain custody of his daughter, Honoria, who is currently being cared for by her aunt, Marion, and her uncle, Lincoln. However, Marion and Lincoln are skeptical of Wales's ability to provide a stable and responsible environment for Honoria, and they are hesitant to allow him to take her back.

As Wales tries to persuade Marion and Lincoln to allow him to regain custody of Honoria, he is faced with a series of challenges and setbacks, including his own struggles with alcohol and the interference of his former friends, who are still living the reckless and extravagant lifestyle that he left behind.

Despite these challenges, Wales is ultimately able to prove to Marion and Lincoln that he has changed and is capable of being a responsible and caring father. In the end, he is able to regain custody of Honoria and begins a new life with her, leaving behind the excesses and excesses of the past.

==Themes==
There are several themes in "Babylon Revisited," including:

===The consequences of excess===
The story explores the destructive effects of the reckless and extravagant lifestyle that Wales and his friends pursued during the height of the stock market boom.

===The impact of the stock market crash of 1929===
The story is set in the aftermath of the crash, and Wales's financial and personal struggles are a result of the economic and social upheaval caused by the event.

===The dangers of addiction===
Wales's struggle with alcohol addiction is a central theme of the story, and it serves as a cautionary tale about the destructive power of addiction and the importance of seeking help and support. Charlie struggles to prove to everyone that he has overcome his drinking and partying habit. Some passages in the story indicate that he may not be over his drinking because when he comes back to town he goes straight back to the bar.

===The importance of family and relationships===
The story explores the theme of family and the bonds of love and responsibility that exist between parents and children. It also touches on the theme of forgiveness and the possibility of redemption and renewal. Throughout the story Charlie struggles with his sense of guilt over his wife's death and losing custody of his daughter.

===The passage of time and the need for change===
The story follows Wales's journey as he tries to move past his past mistakes and rebuild his life, and it explores the theme of the importance of change and personal growth.

==Motifs==
Some motifs in F. Scott Fitzgerald's short story "Babylon Revisited" include:

'''Alcohol''': The motif of alcohol is present throughout the story, as Wales is struggling with addiction and is trying to overcome his dependence on alcohol.

'''Paris''': The city of Paris serves as a motif in the story, representing the decadence and excess of the lifestyle that Wales and his friends pursued during the height of the stock market boom.

'''The past''': The past is a recurring motif in the story, as Wales is trying to leave behind his former life and the mistakes he made in the past. The past is also represented by the characters of Wales's former friends, who are still living the reckless and extravagant lifestyle that he left behind.

'''Money''': The motif of money is present throughout the story, as Wales's financial struggles and his efforts to regain his former wealth are a central part of the plot.

'''Family''': The motif of family is central to the story, as Wales is trying to regain custody of his daughter, Honoria, and repair his relationships with his family. The theme of family is also explored through the relationships between Wales and his former friends, who are depicted as lacking the sense of responsibility and commitment that comes with family ties.

==Interpretative Approaches==
===Cultural===
One significant historical element is the stock market crash of 1929, which is mentioned as a key event in the story and is depicted as having had a major impact on the lives and fortunes of the characters. The crash serves as a backdrop for the story and helps to set the scene for the challenges and struggles that Charlie and the other characters face.

Another significant historical element is the setting of Paris in the 1930s, which is depicted as a city of decadence and excess. The portrayal of Paris as a place of hedonism and indulgence reflects the cultural attitudes and values of the time and serves as a contrast to the more sober and responsible lifestyle that Charlie is trying to rebuild.

Cultural elements that are significant in the story include the portrayal of traditional gender roles and expectations, and the societal pressure to conform to certain beauty standards and expectations. The portrayal of these cultural elements highlights the ways in which they shape the relationships and experiences of the characters and serves as a commentary on the cultural attitudes and values of the time.

===Ethical===
One ethical issue that the story raises is the consequences of excess and addiction, and the dangers of these behaviors. The story explores the destructive effects of the reckless and extravagant lifestyle that Charlie and his friends pursued during the height of the stock market boom, and the impact that this lifestyle had on their relationships, finances, and overall well-being. This raises ethical questions about the consequences of excess and the dangers of addiction and highlights the importance of responsibility and self-control.

Another ethical issue that the story raises is the rights and responsibilities of parents and the ways in which they can impact the well-being and future of their children. The story explores the theme of family and the bonds of love and responsibility that exist between parents and children, and it raises ethical questions about the rights and responsibilities of parents and the ways in which they can shape the lives and futures of their children.

===Formalist===
One of the most notable formal elements of the story is its use of character development. Through the character of Charles Wales, Fitzgerald is able to explore the destructive effects of the reckless and extravagant lifestyle that Wales and his friends pursued during the height of the stock market boom, as well as the challenges and setbacks that Wales faces as he tries to rebuild his life and relationships in the aftermath of the crash.

Another formal element that stands out in the story is its use of setting. The setting of Paris serves as a backdrop for the story, and its decadence and excess is a reflection of the lifestyle that Wales and his friends pursued in the past. The contrast between the lavish and carefree lifestyle of the past and the more sober and responsible present serves to highlight the theme of the consequences of excess and the need for personal growth and change.

===Feminist===
One aspect of the story that can be analyzed from a feminist perspective is the portrayal of the female characters. Marion, Honoria's aunt and guardian, is depicted as a strong and responsible woman who is skeptical of Charlie's ability to provide a stable and responsible environment for Honoria. However, she is also shown to be heavily influenced by her husband, Lincoln, who is depicted as domineering and controlling. This portrayal suggests that Marion is limited by traditional gender roles and expectations, and that her ability to make decisions and assert her own agency is constrained by the expectations and desires of the men in her life.

Another aspect of the story that can be analyzed from a feminist perspective is the portrayal of the relationship between Charlie and Honoria. Despite his flaws, Charlie is shown to be a loving and devoted father who is deeply committed to his daughter. However, his efforts to regain custody of Honoria are challenged by the interference of his former friends, who are depicted as lacking the sense of responsibility and commitment that comes with family ties. This portrayal suggests that traditional gender roles and expectations play a role in shaping the relationships between men and women, and that men may be held to different standards when it comes to matters of family.

===Psychological===
One aspect of the story that can be analyzed from a psychological perspective is the portrayal of Charlie's struggles with addiction and the impact that it has on his mental health and relationships. Throughout the story, Charlie is depicted as struggling with his addiction to alcohol, and it is implied that this struggle has had a negative impact on his ability to be a responsible and caring father. Charlie's addiction can be seen as a coping mechanism for the trauma and stress that he has experienced, such as the loss of his fortune and his wife during the stock market crash of 1929.

Another aspect of the story that can be analyzed from a psychological perspective is the portrayal of the relationships between the characters and the ways in which they cope with and react to the challenges that they face. For example, Marion and Lincoln are depicted as skeptical of Charlie's ability to provide a stable and responsible environment for Honoria, and their mistrust and skepticism can be seen as a coping mechanism for their own feelings of insecurity and uncertainty. Similarly, the interference of Charlie's former friends, who are depicted as living a reckless and extravagant lifestyle, can be seen as a manifestation of their own insecurities and fears about the future.

==Comparisons To The Author's Life==
In 1920 Fitzgerald married Zelda Sayre and they began a lifestyle of decadence. While he tried to gain credibility in the literary world, he was seen as too much the party boy.{{cn}} The couple had their first and only child, affectionately known as Scottie, in 1921.{{cn}} His drinking quickly escalated to the point of alcoholism.{{cn}} His wife also drank, but was not seen as an alcoholic. The couple fought quite often, being in a hostile state that was brought on by drinking. During their years together the couple spent their money too extravagantly, putting them in debt. The family went to France in early 1924, where he wrote ''The Great Gatsby''. While there Zelda’s partying ways went too far: she had an affair. Though they stayed together, the marriage was irreparably damaged. She later suffered mental breakdowns and ended up spending her life in and out of asylums. Fitzgerald eventually moved out of his family’s home and rented a house for himself. He was not providing a good enough environment for his 14 year old daughter so she was sent to a boarding school. Another family, the Obers, took over caring for her. Fitzgerald kept up writing to her and kept a hand over her education. Fitzgerald died in a girlfriend’s apartment in 1940. Zelda died in a fire at a sanitarium in 1948.{{cn}}

The parallels are quite obvious between the protagonist’s life and that of the author -- spending beyond his means, drinking to excess, and losing his child to another family. Though Fitzgerald’s wife died years after his own death, it could be argued that the parallel between his life and the death of Charlie Wales’s wife comes when Zelda had her affair.{{cn}} While the guilt he may have felt over his wife straying is not known, it is known that after that affair the marriage had essentially ended. It suffered a metaphoric death.

==Citations==
{{Reflist}}

==Works Cited==
{{refbegin}}
* Bruccoli, Matthew J. “A Brief Life of Fitzgerald” F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Life in Letters Ed. Matthew J. Bruccoli. New York: Scribners, 1994. University of South Carolina F. Scott Fitzgerald Centenary. 4 Dec. 2003 <http://www.sc.edu/fitzgerald/biography.html>
* {{Cite book
| last = Fitzgerald
| first = F. Scott
| date = 2002
| chapter = Babylon Revisited
| title = Reading and Writing about Literature
| editor-last = Sipiora
| editor-first = Phillip
| publisher = Prentice Hall
| location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ
| pages = 6-18
}}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Literary]]
[[Category:Short Stories]]
[[Category:Modenist]]
[[Category:20th Century]]

Babylon Revisited

2022-12-27T16:37:09Z

Jhary: Added motifs (CGPT).

Babylon Revisited

2022-12-27T16:32:56Z

Jhary: Updated lead ¶ (CGPT).

Babylon Revisited

2022-12-27T16:31:02Z

Jhary: /* Themes */ Update (CGPT).

Babylon Revisited

2022-12-27T16:26:05Z

Jhary: /* Plot */ Updated summary.

User:Jhary

2022-08-24T15:20:34Z

Jhary: Added cat.

[[File:Jhary.jpg|right|frameless]]
{{Big|Companion to Champions}}

I’m here to help out. Let me '''know''' if you need anything. Click the Discussion tab above to get in touch or say hello.

---

=== Project 1 (Example) ===
I will write a plot summary and “[[The Story of an Hour]]”; I will add characters and at least one major theme to the study guide.

[[Category:Students]]
[[Category:Fall 2021]]
[[Category:Fall 2022]]

To Build a Fire

2021-09-17T11:52:07Z

Jhary: CE and revisions, corrections. Added cn.

{{Infobox short story 
| name = To Build a Fire
| image =
| caption =
| title_orig =
| translator =
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]
| country =

| language = English
| series =
| genre = Adventure, short story
| published_in =
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1902, 1908
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.


==Plot==


==Characters==
===The Man===
The man travels in the Yukon Territories with a husky. He is a “''chechaquo''," or a newcomer,{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} making him overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the “facts.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}

===The Dog===
The dog is a “big native husky”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} that accompanies the man along on his journey; the dog operates based on instinct.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}

===The Old-Timer===
Though he only appears in flashbacks, the Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek warns the man about the cold and traveling alone.

==Major Themes==

A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}

The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}

==Development History==


===Publication History===


===Explanation of the Work's Title===


==Literary Significance and Reception==


==Awards and Nominations==


==Adaptations==

"To Build A Fire" was adapted into a multi-award-winning short film in 2016. The film was made to celebrate the 100th year anniversary of Jack London. It was directed and written by Fx Goby.{{cn}}

==Citations==

{{Reflist}}

==Works Cited==
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}

* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}
{{Refend}}

==External Links==



[[Category:Literary]] 
[[Category:20th Century]] 
[[Category:Naturalism]] 
[[Category:Short Stories]]

Sonny's Blues

2021-09-15T14:28:29Z

Jhary: Simple additions.

{{Infobox short story
| name = Sonny’s Blues
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| country = United States
| language = English
| series =
| genre =
| published_in = ''Partisan Review''
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1957
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

'''“Sonny’s Blues”''' is a 1957 short story by [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] first published in ''Partisan Review''.


==Plot==
~Brief summary of the plot~

==Characters==
'''Narrator''': . . .

'''Sonny''': . . .

==Major themes==
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~

==Development history==
~history of the work's development, if available
(e.g., “[[w:The Man Who Studied Yoga|The Man Who Studied Yoga]]”)~

===Publication history===
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~




===Explanation of the Story’s Title===
~Explain the work's title if it's not immediately obvious
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~

==Literary significance and reception==
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~

==Awards and nominations==
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~

==Adaptations==
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~

==Citations==
{{Reflist}}

==Works Cited==
{{refbegin}}
* . . .
{{refend}}

==External links==
* . . .

[[Category:Short Stories]]
[[Category:20th Century]]
[[Category:Literary]]
[[Category:Contemporary]]

To Build a Fire

2021-09-13T16:57:44Z

Jhary: Tweaks and ce.

{{Infobox short story 
| name = To Build a Fire
| image =
| caption =
| title_orig =
| translator =
| author = [[w:Jack London|Jack London]]
| country =

| language = English
| series =
| genre = Adventure, short story
| published_in =
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1902, 1908
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

“'''To Build a Fire'''” is a 1908 short story by Jack London.


==Plot==


==Characters==
===The Man===
The man is the protagonist of the story. He is a “''chechaquo''" or a newcomer to the land.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=149}} He is overconfident and inexperienced, but self-assured because he knows the "facts".{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=160}}

===The Dog===
The dog is a “big native husky”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=150}} that accompanies the man along on his journey.

===The Old-Timer===
Though he only appears in flashbacks, the Old-Timer from Sulphur Creek warns the man about the cold and traveling alone.

==Major Themes==

A major theme of “Fire” is man versus nature, specifically that man’s arrogance blinds him to nature and its potential.{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}

The importance of community as opposed to self-reliance in survival and growth is emphasized in “Fire.”{{sfn|Sipiora|2002|p=161}}

==Development History==


===Publication History===


===Explanation of the Work's Title===


==Literary Significance and Reception==


==Awards and Nominations==


==Adaptations==


==Citations==

{{Reflist}}

==Works Cited==
See also: [[/Annotated Bibliography/]].
{{Refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}

* {{cite book |last=Gair |first=Christopher |date={{date|2011}} |chapter=The Wires Were Down: The Telegraph and the Cultural Self in “To Build a Fire” and ''White Fang'' |title=Jack London |editor-last=Bloom |editor-first=Harold |series=Bloom’s Modern Critical Views |url= |location=New York |publisher=Bloom’s Literary Criticism |pages=73–90 }}
* {{Cite book |last=London |first=Jack | date=2002 |orig-year=1908 |chapter=To Build a Fire |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}
* {{Cite book |date={{date|2002}} |title=Reading and Writing about Literature |editor-last=Sipiora |editor-first=Phillip |publisher=Prentice Hall |location=Upper Saddle Creek, NJ |pages=149–160 }}
{{Refend}}

==External Links==



[[Category:Literary]] 
[[Category:20th Century]] 
[[Category:Naturalism]] 
[[Category:Short Stories]]

Indian Camp/Annotated Bibliography

2021-09-12T14:05:33Z

Jhary: Fixed formatting, order, and a couple of details in templates. Left annotations as-is.

{{DISPLAYTITLE:<span style="font-size:22px;">{{BASEPAGENAME}}/</span>{{SUBPAGENAME}}}}
{{Refbegin|indent=yes}}
* {{cite journal
| first = Donald A
| last = Daiker
| year = Spring 2016
| title = In Defence of Hemingway's Doctor Adams: The Case for 'Indian Camp'
| journal = The Hemingway Review
| volume = 35
| issue = 2
| pages = 55-69
}} The story gives impression of Dr. Adam's as a man who cannot care for the women and just do his job. This journal article proves that Dr. Adam's save the life of Indian women and her baby by performing the operation as there is no other medical help available at that time, if he cannot do the operation the women and her baby die. Some readers blame Dr. Adam's for performing the operation as he didn't have any medical instrument's but at the end both mother and baby is fine and in noon a nurse arrives with all medical supplies. Dr. Adam's said, "her screams are not important" is a form of self-discipline which establish emotional distance between doctor and patient.

* {{Cite book | last =Hays | first =Peter | date ={{date|2013}} | chapter = Teaching 'Indian Camp' | title = Fifty Years of Hemingway Criticism | editor-last = Hays | editor-first = Peter | publisher = Scarecrow Press| pages = 207-211}} The book is composed of a couple of Hemingway's stories. The author uses these stories to give you insight on details you might've missed when reading Hemingway's stories. In the book the author has a chapter on "Indian Camp" were he explains that it is a story about lessons being learned and how a character has a growth experience. The author also explores how the Indians were being treated during this time by the Americans and just the state in which they were living. He walks you through the characters actions and explains the true meaning behind the story, giving you details that can help you better understand the reading.

* {{cite journal
| last1 = Tyler
| first1 = Lisa
| date = January 1, 2006
| title = Dangerous Families and Intimate Harm in Hemingway's 'Indian Camp'
| journal = Texas Studies in Literature and Language
| volume = 48
| issue = 1
| page = 18
}} “Indian Camp,” described as one of the best in the collection, dramatizes what appears to be Adams' first confrontation with profound personal suffering. In Our Time, Hemingway explores men's responses. Human and animal suffering, and especially women's suffering, affect their characters. The child who cannot separate cannot see another suffering and replaces attentive love with fantasy. Nick never has the chance to learn how to reciprocate, to see his mother’s suffering in a way that would have made her feel compassion for him.

{{Refend}}

[[Category:Bibliographies]]

Araby

2021-09-01T13:53:38Z

Jhary: /* Works Cited */ Added story ref.

{{Infobox short story
| name = Araby
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[w:James Joyce|James Joyce]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| country = Ireland
| language = English
| series =
| genre =
| published_in = ''[[w:Dubliners|Dubliners]]''
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1914
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

'''''“Araby”''''' is a short story by James Joyce that appeared in the collection ''Dubliners'' published in 1914.


==Plot==
Araby is about a young boy who falls for a girl who lives across the street. When the girl expresses her desire to attend a particular bazaar, he sees this as the perfect chance to win her heart by visiting the bazaar and bringing her a gift. When the narrator's hopes of Araby are dashed, he finds that reality does not always match his expectations, it's a loss of innocence.{{Cn|date=September 2021}}

==Characters==

==== '''<big>The Narrator</big>''' ====
The narrator is a young boy who lives with his aunt and uncle. He develops a crush on Mangan's sister and begins to lose interest on everything around him and his main goal is to be with her.

==== '''<big>Narrator's Uncle</big>''' ====
The narrator and his friends seem to fear him by hiding in the shadows until he was safely housed. He owes money to Mrs. Mercer the pawnbrokers wife. The text implies that he may have a drinking problem when he comes home late drunk, trying to avoid giving the narrator money for the Araby market.

==== '''<big>Narrator's Aunt</big>''' ====
The narrator's aunt is like a mother figure to him. She appears to be a devout Catholic who is concerned that the Araby bazaar is a Freemason gathering. She uses religious terminology to warn the narrator that he might not be able to make it to the market on "this night of our Lord." She talked his uncle into giving him money for keeping him up so late.

==== '''<big>Mangan</big>''' ====
The narrator’s friend from the Christian Brothers' School. He lives across the street from the narrator and often plays in the street with him and the other boys before dinner.

==== '''<big>Mangan's Sister</big>''' ====
The older sister of the narrator's friend, Mangan. The narrator is madly in love with her. When she comes outside to call her brother in for tea, she routinely interrupts the boys playing in the street. She is a member of a convent and is interested in the Araby bazaar, which piques the narrator's interest in it. There is no evidence that she is aware of the narrator's crush on her.

==== '''<big>The Priest</big>''' ====
The former tenant of the narrator’s house, who died in the back drawing room. He is mentioned because some of his belongings, including three books that the narrator is interested in, are still at the house. The priest primarily serves as a moral reference point – all of these objects imply that the priest had a life outside of the church, that he rode a bicycle and read crime and romance novels.

==== '''<big>Mrs. Mercer</big>''' ====
On the night of the Araby market, the pawnbroker's widow waits for the narrator's uncle to return home and ask for the money he owes her. She's described as a "old, garrulous woman" who collects used postage stamps to sell to collectors for profit, usually for religious purposes.

==== '''<big>Female Shopkeeper</big>''' ====
As the narrator approaches her stall at the Araby bazaar, a young woman is flirting with two men. The narrator notices that she and the men with whom she converses all have English accents. The woman approaches the narrator and asks if he plans to buy anything, but he observes that she does not sound “encouraging” and appears to speak to him solely for the purpose of her job. And her flirting with the Englishmen appears to have made him realize the foolishness and vanity of his own attempt to impress Mangan's sister with a gift.

== Major themes==
<nowiki>One theme of the story is love, he has a crush on Mangan's sister and "her image accompanied me even in places that most hostile to romance"{{August 2021|reason=</nowiki>''page 39''<nowiki>}}</nowiki>

==Development history==
~history of the novel's development, if available
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~

===Publication history===
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~




==Explanation of the Story's Title ==
"Araby" is a bazaar.{{sfn|Joyce|2002|p=39}} It represents the narrator's wish to escape the drab monotony of life in Dublin.{{sfn|Malty|2020}}

== Literary significance and reception ==
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~

==Awards and nominations==
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~

==Adaptations==
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Works Cited==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book
| last = Joyce
| first = James
| date = 2002
| chapter = Araby
| title = Reading and Writing about Literature
| editor-last = Sipiora
| editor-first = Phillip
| publisher = Prentice Hall
| location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ
| pages = 38-41
}}
* {{cite web |url=https://literaryocean.com/what-is-the-significance-of-the-title-of-the-story-araby-by-james-joyce/ |title=What is the significance of the title of the story “Araby” by James Joyce? |last=Malty |first=Supriya |date={{date|2020-03-02|MDY}} |website=Literary Ocean |publisher= |access-date={{date|2021-09-01|ISO}} }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Literary]]
[[Category:20th Century]]
[[Category:Short Stories]]

Araby

2021-09-01T13:47:57Z

Jhary: Added ref section.

{{Infobox short story
| name = Araby
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[w:James Joyce|James Joyce]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| country = Ireland
| language = English
| series =
| genre =
| published_in = ''[[w:Dubliners|Dubliners]]''
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1914
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

'''''“Araby”''''' is a short story by James Joyce that appeared in the collection ''Dubliners'' published in 1914.


==Plot==
Araby is about a young boy who falls for a girl who lives across the street. When the girl expresses her desire to attend a particular bazaar, he sees this as the perfect chance to win her heart by visiting the bazaar and bringing her a gift. When the narrator's hopes of Araby are dashed, he finds that reality does not always match his expectations, it's a loss of innocence.{{Cn|date=September 2021}}

==Characters==

==== '''<big>The Narrator</big>''' ====
The narrator is a young boy who lives with his aunt and uncle. He develops a crush on Mangan's sister and begins to lose interest on everything around him and his main goal is to be with her.

==== '''<big>Narrator's Uncle</big>''' ====
The narrator and his friends seem to fear him by hiding in the shadows until he was safely housed. He owes money to Mrs. Mercer the pawnbrokers wife. The text implies that he may have a drinking problem when he comes home late drunk, trying to avoid giving the narrator money for the Araby market.

==== '''<big>Narrator's Aunt</big>''' ====
The narrator's aunt is like a mother figure to him. She appears to be a devout Catholic who is concerned that the Araby bazaar is a Freemason gathering. She uses religious terminology to warn the narrator that he might not be able to make it to the market on "this night of our Lord." She talked his uncle into giving him money for keeping him up so late.

==== '''<big>Mangan</big>''' ====
The narrator’s friend from the Christian Brothers' School. He lives across the street from the narrator and often plays in the street with him and the other boys before dinner.

==== '''<big>Mangan's Sister</big>''' ====
The older sister of the narrator's friend, Mangan. The narrator is madly in love with her. When she comes outside to call her brother in for tea, she routinely interrupts the boys playing in the street. She is a member of a convent and is interested in the Araby bazaar, which piques the narrator's interest in it. There is no evidence that she is aware of the narrator's crush on her.

==== '''<big>The Priest</big>''' ====
The former tenant of the narrator’s house, who died in the back drawing room. He is mentioned because some of his belongings, including three books that the narrator is interested in, are still at the house. The priest primarily serves as a moral reference point – all of these objects imply that the priest had a life outside of the church, that he rode a bicycle and read crime and romance novels.

==== '''<big>Mrs. Mercer</big>''' ====
On the night of the Araby market, the pawnbroker's widow waits for the narrator's uncle to return home and ask for the money he owes her. She's described as a "old, garrulous woman" who collects used postage stamps to sell to collectors for profit, usually for religious purposes.

==== '''<big>Female Shopkeeper</big>''' ====
As the narrator approaches her stall at the Araby bazaar, a young woman is flirting with two men. The narrator notices that she and the men with whom she converses all have English accents. The woman approaches the narrator and asks if he plans to buy anything, but he observes that she does not sound “encouraging” and appears to speak to him solely for the purpose of her job. And her flirting with the Englishmen appears to have made him realize the foolishness and vanity of his own attempt to impress Mangan's sister with a gift.

== Major themes==
<nowiki>One theme of the story is love, he has a crush on Mangan's sister and "her image accompanied me even in places that most hostile to romance"{{August 2021|reason=</nowiki>''page 39''<nowiki>}}</nowiki>

==Development history==
~history of the novel's development, if available
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~

===Publication history===
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~




==Explanation of the Story's Title ==
"Araby" is a bazaar.{{sfn|Joyce|2002|p=39}} It represents the narrator's wish to escape the drab monotony of life in Dublin.{{sfn|Malty|2020}}

== Literary significance and reception ==
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~

==Awards and nominations==
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~

==Adaptations==
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Works Cited==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web |url=https://literaryocean.com/what-is-the-significance-of-the-title-of-the-story-araby-by-james-joyce/ |title=What is the significance of the title of the story “Araby” by James Joyce? |last=Malty |first=Supriya |date={{date|2020-03-02|MDY}} |website=Literary Ocean |publisher= |access-date={{date|2021-09-01|ISO}} }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Literary]]
[[Category:20th Century]]
[[Category:Short Stories]]

Araby

2021-09-01T13:46:07Z

Jhary: /* Explanation of the Story's Title */ Added refs.

{{Infobox short story
| name = Araby
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[w:James Joyce|James Joyce]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| country = Ireland
| language = English
| series =
| genre =
| published_in = ''[[w:Dubliners|Dubliners]]''
| publication_type =
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1914
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

'''''“Araby”''''' is a short story by James Joyce that appeared in the collection ''Dubliners'' published in 1914.


==Plot==
Araby is about a young boy who falls for a girl who lives across the street. When the girl expresses her desire to attend a particular bazaar, he sees this as the perfect chance to win her heart by visiting the bazaar and bringing her a gift. When the narrator's hopes of Araby are dashed, he finds that reality does not always match his expectations, it's a loss of innocence.{{Cn|date=September 2021}}

==Characters==

==== '''<big>The Narrator</big>''' ====
The narrator is a young boy who lives with his aunt and uncle. He develops a crush on Mangan's sister and begins to lose interest on everything around him and his main goal is to be with her.

==== '''<big>Narrator's Uncle</big>''' ====
The narrator and his friends seem to fear him by hiding in the shadows until he was safely housed. He owes money to Mrs. Mercer the pawnbrokers wife. The text implies that he may have a drinking problem when he comes home late drunk, trying to avoid giving the narrator money for the Araby market.

==== '''<big>Narrator's Aunt</big>''' ====
The narrator's aunt is like a mother figure to him. She appears to be a devout Catholic who is concerned that the Araby bazaar is a Freemason gathering. She uses religious terminology to warn the narrator that he might not be able to make it to the market on "this night of our Lord." She talked his uncle into giving him money for keeping him up so late.

==== '''<big>Mangan</big>''' ====
The narrator’s friend from the Christian Brothers' School. He lives across the street from the narrator and often plays in the street with him and the other boys before dinner.

==== '''<big>Mangan's Sister</big>''' ====
The older sister of the narrator's friend, Mangan. The narrator is madly in love with her. When she comes outside to call her brother in for tea, she routinely interrupts the boys playing in the street. She is a member of a convent and is interested in the Araby bazaar, which piques the narrator's interest in it. There is no evidence that she is aware of the narrator's crush on her.

==== '''<big>The Priest</big>''' ====
The former tenant of the narrator’s house, who died in the back drawing room. He is mentioned because some of his belongings, including three books that the narrator is interested in, are still at the house. The priest primarily serves as a moral reference point – all of these objects imply that the priest had a life outside of the church, that he rode a bicycle and read crime and romance novels.

==== '''<big>Mrs. Mercer</big>''' ====
On the night of the Araby market, the pawnbroker's widow waits for the narrator's uncle to return home and ask for the money he owes her. She's described as a "old, garrulous woman" who collects used postage stamps to sell to collectors for profit, usually for religious purposes.

==== '''<big>Female Shopkeeper</big>''' ====
As the narrator approaches her stall at the Araby bazaar, a young woman is flirting with two men. The narrator notices that she and the men with whom she converses all have English accents. The woman approaches the narrator and asks if he plans to buy anything, but he observes that she does not sound “encouraging” and appears to speak to him solely for the purpose of her job. And her flirting with the Englishmen appears to have made him realize the foolishness and vanity of his own attempt to impress Mangan's sister with a gift.

== Major themes==
<nowiki>One theme of the story is love, he has a crush on Mangan's sister and "her image accompanied me even in places that most hostile to romance"{{August 2021|reason=</nowiki>''page 39''<nowiki>}}</nowiki>

==Development history==
~history of the novel's development, if available
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~

===Publication history===
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~




==Explanation of the Story's Title ==
"Araby" is a bazaar.{{sfn|Joyce|2002|p=39}} It represents the narrator's wish to escape the drab monotony of life in Dublin.{{sfn|Malty|2020}}

== Literary significance and reception ==
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~

==Awards and nominations==
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~

==Adaptations==
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite web |url=https://literaryocean.com/what-is-the-significance-of-the-title-of-the-story-araby-by-james-joyce/ |title=What is the significance of the title of the story “Araby” by James Joyce? |last=Malty |first=Supriya |date={{date|2020-03-02|MDY}} |website=Literary Ocean |publisher= |access-date={{date|2021-09-01|ISO}} }}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Literary]]
[[Category:20th Century]]
[[Category:Short Stories]]

The Story of an Hour

2021-08-27T12:59:24Z

Jhary: Added to Bibliography from WP sources.

{{Infobox short story
| name = The Story of an Hour
| image = 
| caption =
| author = [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| country = United States
| language = English
| series =
| genre = Short Story
| published_in = ''[[w:Vogue|Vogue]]''
| publication_type = Magazine
| publisher =
| media_type =
| pub_date = 1894
| english_pub_date =
| preceded_by =
| followed_by =
| preceded_by_italics =
| followed_by_italics =
}}

'''''“The Story of an Hour”''''' is a short story by Kate Chopin that first appeared in ''Vogue'' in 1894.


==Plot==
~Brief summary of the plot~

==Characters==
'''Louise Mallard:''' She is the wife of Brently Mallard who suffers from heart disease.

'''Brently Mallard:''' A railroad worker, he is the husband to Louise Mallard, who is believed dead at the start of the story.

'''Josephine:''' She is the sister of Louise Mallard and helps console her when she informs her about Brently’s death.

'''Richards:''' He is Brently’s friend who informs Josephine about the latter’s death.

==Major themes==
~thematic description, using the work of literary critics (i.e. scholars)~

==Development history==
~history of the novel's development, if available
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~

===Publication history===
~*year, country, publisher ISBN 1234567890, Pub date DD Month Year, binding~




===Explanation of the Story's Title===
~Explain the novel's title if it's not immediately obvious
(e.g., ''[[w:Things Fall Apart|Things Fall Apart]]'')~

==Literary significance and reception==
~description of the work's initial reception and legacy based on the work of literary critics and commentators over
the years, give citations; if no literary significance should just be called reception~

==Awards and nominations==
~lists awards the work received, and significant nominations, if applicable; include in reception if brief~

==Adaptations==
~references to major film, TV, theatrical, radio, etc. adaptations, if applicable~

==Bibliography==
{{refbegin|indent=yes|30em}}
* {{cite journal |last1=Bender |first1=Bert |title=The Teeth of Desire: ''The Awakening'' and The Descent of Man |journal=American Literature |date=1991 |volume=63 |issue=3 |pages=459–473 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Berkove |first1=Lawrence I. |title=Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=American Literary Realism |date=2000 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=152–158 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Chongyue |first1=Li |last2=Lihua |first2=Wang |title=A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife—A New Interpretation of 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language and Literature Studies |date={{date|2013-05-14|MDY}} |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=90–92 |url=https://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ells/article/view/27476 |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}
* {{Cite book | last = Chopin | first = Kate | date = 2002 | chapter = The Story of an Hour | title = Reading and Writing about Literature | editor-last = Sipiora | editor-first = Phillip | publisher = Prentice Hall | location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ | pages =199–200 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Cunningham |first1=Mark |title=The Autonomous Female Self and the Death of Louise Mallard in Kate Chopin's 'Story of an Hour' |journal=English Language Notes |date=September 2004 |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=48–55 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Jamil |first1=S. Selina |title=Emotions in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=April 2009 |volume=67 |issue=3 |pages=215–220 }}
* {{Cite journal |last1=Foote |first1=J. |year=2013|title=Speed That Kills: The Role of Technology in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=85–89 }}
* {{cite book |last=Toth |first=Emily |date={{date|1999}} |title=Unveiling Kate Chopin |url=https://archive.org/details/unveilingkatecho00toth_0 |location=Jackson, MS |publisher=University Press of Mississippi |access-date={{date|2021-08-27|ISO}} }}
* {{cite journal |last=Tseng |first=Chia-Chieh |title='Joy That Kills': Female ''Jouissance'' in Kate Chopin's 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=Short Story Journal |date=Fall 2014 |volume=22 |issue=2 |pages=29–38 }}
* {{cite journal |last1=Yazgı |first1=Cihan |title=Tragic Elements and Discourse-Time in 'The Story of an Hour' |journal=The Explicator |date=1 October 2020 |volume=78 |issue=3–4 |pages=147–152 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==



[[Category:Literary]]
[[Category:19th Century]]
[[Category:Short Stories]]

The Story of an Hour

2021-08-27T11:43:44Z

Jhary: Added characters.

User:Jhary/sandbox

2021-08-25T15:01:40Z

Jhary: Added citations.

{{user sandbox}}

# “Babylon Revisited” begins in the Ritz Bar in Paris, France.
# Though he has made progress, Charlie Wales proves he is not ready to assume custody of Honoria.
# “Babylon Revisited” reflects the many trials of hits author, F. Scott Fitzgerald.

==Works Cited==
* {{Cite book
| last = Fitzgerald
| first = F. Scott
| date = 2002
| chapter = Babylon Revisited
| title = Reading and Writing about Literature
| editor-last = Sipiora
| editor-first = Phillip
| publisher = Prentice Hall
| location = Upper Saddle Creek, NJ
| pages = 6-18
}}

* {{Cite book
| last = Wilson
| first = Edmund
| author-link =
| year = 1963
| chapter = F. Scott Fitzgerald
| title = F. Scott Fitzgerald
| series = Twentieth Century Views
| publisher = Prentice Hall
| location = Englewood Cliffs, NJ
| isbn =
| pages = 80-85
| editor-last = Mizener
| editor-first = Arthur
}}

Babylon Revisited

2021-08-25T14:39:45Z

Jhary: Added sfn.

Babylon Revisited

2021-08-25T14:35:19Z

Jhary: /* Works Cited */ Added source.

Template:Template sandbox

2021-08-25T12:57:30Z

Jhary: Created template.

<includeonly>[[{{#switch: {{NAMESPACE}}
| Template
| Template talk = Template
| Module
| Module talk = Module
}}:{{{1|{{ROOTPAGENAME}}}}}/sandbox|sandbox]]</includeonly><noinclude>{{Documentation|content={{not a sandbox}}
This template links to the sandbox of the current module/template.

== Usage ==
{{tbullet|sandbox}}

== See also ==

* {{tl|sandbox heading}}
* {{tl|sandbox other}}
* {{tl|sandbox notice}}
* {{tl|Sample page}}
* {{tl|template sandbox}}
* {{tl|template sandbox notice}}
* {{tl|user sandbox}}
* {{tl|X1}}-{{tl|X52}}
}}</noinclude>

Draft:Sandbox

2021-08-25T12:55:45Z

Jhary: Crated sandbox.

'''Welcome to LitWiki'''
This is the sandbox.

User:Jhary/sandbox

2021-08-25T12:52:49Z

Jhary: Added some examples.

Araby

2021-08-23T13:20:52Z

Jhary: Created page.

Babylon Revisited

2021-08-23T12:56:47Z

Jhary: /* Characters */ Revisions and CE. Added Helen.

ENGL 1102

2021-08-16T14:27:12Z

Jhary: /* Course Members */ Added to user list.

{{Big|Welcome to the wiki page for ENGL 1102: English Composition II.}}

The objectives ENGL 1102 concentrate on the interpretation of literature in an attempt to develop critical-thinking, observation, analytical, and comprehension skills. Prerequisite: at least a “C” in ENGL 1101.

== Course Information ==
* [[grl:ENGL 1102/Fall 2021|Syllabus]]
*[[Talk:ENGL 1102, Fall 2021|Class Discussion]] — use this discussion to ask any questions about the course.

== Course Members ==
After you get an account, you may add it below. Next, be sure to write a short bio on your user page and set up your [[Writing Journal|writing journal]].
* {{u|Glucas|Dr. Lucas}}
* {{u|Jhary|Jhary}}
* . . .

== Study Guides ==
Resources for the works we have studied this semester.

* [[w:James Baldwin|James Baldwin]] — “[[Sonny's Blues]]”
* [[w:Kate Chopin|Kate Chopin]] - “[[The Story of an Hour]]”
* [[w:Francis Scott Fitzgerald|F. Scott Fitzgerald]] - “[[Babylon Revisited]]”
* [[w:Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Hemingway]] — “[[Indian Camp]]”
* [[w:James Joyce|James Joyce]] — “[[Araby]]” and ''[[The Dead]]''
* [[w:Jack London|Jack London]] - “[[To Build a Fire]]”
* [[w:Edgar Allan Poe|Edgar Allan Poe]] — “[[The Cask of Amontillado]]”
* [[w:Leslie Marmon Silko|Leslie Marmon Silko]] - “[[Yellow Woman]]”
* [[w:Herman Melville|Herman Melville]] — ''[[Bartleby, the Scrivener]]''
* [[w:The Smiths|The Smiths]] — “[[Girlfriend in a Coma]]”
* [[w:Kurt Vonnegut|Kurt Vonnegut]] — “[[Harrison Bergeron]]”
* [[w:August Wilson|August Wilson]] — ''[[Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom]]''

==Literary==
* [[Literary Terms]]

[[Category:ENGL 1102]]

User:Jhary

2021-08-16T14:24:53Z

Jhary: Added category.

[[File:Jhary.jpg|right|frameless]]
{{Big|Companion to Champions}}

I’m here to help out. Let me know if you need anything. Click the Discussion tab above to get in touch or say hello.
[[Category:Students]]
[[Category:Fall 2021]]

User:Jhary/sandbox

2021-08-16T14:23:14Z

Jhary: Created a sandbox.

Write your bio.

User:Jhary

2021-08-11T16:21:44Z

Jhary: Added image and wrote a short into.

[[File:Jhary.jpg|right|frameless]]
{{Big|Companion to Champions}}

I’m here to help out. Let me know if you need anything. Click the Discussion tab above to get in touch.
[[Category:Students]]

File:Jhary.jpg

2021-08-11T16:19:38Z

Jhary:

Jhary on Second Life.