LitWiki - User contributions [en]

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-25T08:06:03Z

DanielleJStacey: /* references */

Making sure that the subject and verb agree in a sentence is important. When they agree correctly they will make the essay or report easier to read and understand. There are a few techniques that will need to be taken to ensure the subject and verb are in agreement.The verb in every independent or dependent clause must agree with its subject in person or number.

'''The two numbers are:'''
*'''singular'''- indicating one person or thing
*'''plural'''- indicating more than one person or thing

For the subject and verb to agree in singular or plural subjects, they must have a singular or plural verb <ref>Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell., ''The Concise Wadsworth Handbook''. Instructor's Ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005, p.240. [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-Wadsworth-Handbook-Laurie-Kirszner/dp/142829192X]</ref>. The subject takes the base form of the verb in all but the third person singular to make the subject and verb agree in person. The subject and verb must comply in number. In third person singular add an ''s'' or ''es'' to the base form of the verb to make both the subject and verb agree.

'''Example:''' The dog jumps the fence.
*The subject is: '''dog'''
*The verb is: '''jumps'''

'''Example:''' The dogs jump the fence.
*The subject is: '''dogs'''
*The verb is: '''jump'''

==Compound Subjects==

Eugenia Butler states in her book ''Correct Writing'', "Compound subjects joined by "and" normally require a plural verb" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.143-145. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. The only instance when this is not applicable and the subjects are considered singular is when the subjects refer to the same individual or object.

'''Remember:''' "Nouns joined by '''"and"''' are thought of as a unit or actually refer to the same person or thing, the verb is normally singular".

'''Example:''' My friend Jenn and colleague Sarah are going on vacation.

'''Example:''' The restaurant owner and head chef is coming to the party. (referring to the same person, '''singular''')

When compound subjects joined by '''“or”''' or '''“nor”''', the verb follows the nearest subject.

'''Example:''' My brother or sister is throwing me a party. (nearest subject, sister, is '''singular''')

'''Example:''' Neither my boss or co-workers are feeling well today. (nearest subject, co-workers, is '''plural''')

==Verb Preceding the Subject==

Verbs sometimes come before the subject. This change in order can lead to error in agreement. It is sometimes difficult to remember when the verb comes before the subject.
Below you will find some guidelines and examples to help you.

In normal everyday English, verbs precede the subject.

'''To make questions''' "Does he?" "Can you?"

'''After 'so' 'neither', 'nor'''' "So do I", "Neither do I", "Nor do I"

In written English, as well as in a very formal style, the verb precedes the subject is in the following cases:

'''After negative adverbial expressions'''

*Under no circumstances ''can we'' accept cheques.

*In no way ''can he'' be held responsible.

*At no time ''did she say'''' she would come.

'''After adverbial expressions of place''' :

*Round the corner came the postman.

*On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.

'''After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', in comparisons''' :

*''Seldom'' have I seen such a beautiful view.

*''Rarely'' did he pay anyone a compliment.

*''Never'' had I felt so happy.

'''After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.''' :

*''Hardly had I begun'' to speak when I was interrupted.

*''Scarcely had we started our meal'' our meal when the phone rang.

*''No sooner had I arrived'' than they all started to argue.

'''After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'''' :

*''Only'' after the meeting ''did I realize'' the importance of the subject.

'''After exclamations with 'here' and 'there'''' :

*''Here comes'' the winner!

*''There goes'' all our money!

==Intervening Expressions==

An intervening expression is an expression that describes the subject and should not affect the verb. These expressions are often mistaken for being the subject of the sentence. Verbs are sometimes separated by words that describe the subject. This can make it difficult to make sure that the subject and verb agree. The key is to make sure that the verb agrees with the subject and not with the word in the modifying phrase. With intervening words ending in "s", such as sometimes and always, the "s" ending still must appear on a present tense verb if the subject is singular.

'''Example:''' The evidence that they submitted to the judge was convincing.
*The subject is: '''evidence'''

*The verb is: '''was'''

The singularity of a subject is not changed by the introduction of phrases or clauses that appear to change the number of the subject.

Sentence structure and formation are key elements of the English language, certain rules exist that when applied correctly give the writer a powerful tool of communication. <ref name="Evelyn"> ''Rothstein, Evelyn, and Andrew Rothstein. English Grammar Instruction That Works! : Developing Language Skills For All Learners''. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Corwin Press, 2009. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 25 Apr. 2014 </ref>

In her work ''Grammar: A friendly Approach'', author '''Christine Sinclair''', reminds the reader of the dangers of intervening expressions and phrases, and how they can make the reader forget "who" or "what" the sentence is about. <ref name="christine"> ''Sinclair, Christine. Grammar : A Friendly Approach''. Berkshire, England: McGraw-Hill, 2010. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 24 Apr. 2014</ref>

'''Example:''' Exercise, along with proper rest, is vitally important.
*The subject is: '''exercise'''

*The Verb is: '''is'''

When intervening words ending in "s", such as sometimes and always, the "s" ending must be present on a present tense verb if the subject is singular.

'''Example:''' Her driver always makes wrong turns.

Other Common expressions that sometimes appear to change the number of the subject and verb include but are not limited to :
* '''In addition to'''

* '''Plus'''

* '''As well as'''

* '''Together with'''

The author '''Jarvie Gordon,''' describes common grammatical errors of English language sentence formation in the work ''Bloomsbury Grammar Guide'', by providing examples of common subject/verb agreement sentences and how the reader can recognize the number of the subject and verb when an intervening expression or phrase is introduced into the sentence. <ref name="Jarvie"> ''Jarvie, Gordon. Bloomsbury Grammar Guide''. London: A. & C. Black, 2007. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 25 Apr. 2014.</ref>

==Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns==
Some pronouns are definite in the fact that they can replace a specific noun or another pronoun. But sometimes things aren’t so clear-cut. So what do we do for a pronoun when we find ourselves in this predicament? We will use indefinite pronouns. "Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things" <ref>Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference''. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref>.Some of these indefinite pronouns are always singular or always plural. But some can change their number—they can be either singular or plural, depending on the context.
There are two categories of indefinite pronouns. The first category includes pronouns that refer to a nonspecific noun. These pronouns are:
''anything'',''somebody'', ''no one'', and ''something''. An example sentence using the first category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Somebody is at the door.

The second category of indefinite pronouns are those that point to a specific noun whose meaning is easily understood only because it was previously mentioned or because the words that follow the indefinite pronoun make it clear. These pronouns are: ''both'', ''all'', ''few'', and ''either''. An example sentence using the second category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Both do well at taking tests.

==References==
<references/>

==External Links==

*[http://www.dianahacker.com/writersref Diana Hacker's Companion Site].
*[http://college.cengage.com/english/raimes/digitalkeys/keyshtml/subject3.htm Subject Verb Agreement: Intervening Words].
*[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/01/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab].
*[http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/sv_agr.htm Guide to Grammar and Writing: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[http://www.towson.edu/ows/moduleSVAGR.htm Self Teaching Unit: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/rosado-grammar-expert-site/subject-verb-agreement-1--indefinite-pronouns Rosado Grammar Expert Site].

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T05:29:26Z

DanielleJStacey: /* Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns */

Making sure that the subject and verb agree in a sentence is important. When they agree correctly they will make the essay or report easier to read and understand. There are a few techniques that will need to be taken to ensure the subject and verb are in agreement.The verb in every independent or dependent clause must agree with its subject in person or number.

'''The two numbers are:'''
*'''singular'''- indicating one person or thing
*'''plural'''- indicating more than one person or thing

For the subject and verb to agree in singular or plural subjects, they must have a singular or plural verb <ref>Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell., ''The Concise Wadsworth Handbook''. Instructor's Ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005, p.240. [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-Wadsworth-Handbook-Laurie-Kirszner/dp/142829192X]</ref>. The subject takes the base form of the verb in all but the third person singular to make the subject and verb agree in person. The subject and verb must comply in number. In third person singular add an ''s'' or ''es'' to the base form of the verb to make both the subject and verb agree.

'''Example:''' The dog jumps the fence.
*The subject is: '''dog'''
*The verb is: '''jumps'''

'''Example:''' The dogs jump the fence.
*The subject is: '''dogs'''
*The verb is: '''jump'''

==Compound Subjects==

Eugenia Butler states in her book ''Correct Writing'', "Compound subjects joined by "and" normally require a plural verb" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.143-145. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. The only instance when this is not applicable and the subjects are considered singular is when the subjects refer to the same individual or object.

'''Remember:''' "Nouns joined by '''"and"''' are thought of as a unit or actually refer to the same person or thing, the verb is normally singular".

*'''Example:''' My friend Jenn and colleague Sarah are going on vacation.

*'''Example:''' The restaurant owner and head chef is coming to the party. (referring to the same person, '''singular''')

When compound subjects joined by '''“or”''' or '''“nor”''', the verb follows the nearest subject.

*'''Example:''' My brother or sister is throwing me a party. (nearest subject, sister, is '''singular''')

*'''Example:''' Neither my boss or co-workers are feeling well today. (nearest subject, co-workers, is '''plural''')

==Verb Preceding the Subject==

Verbs sometimes come before the subject. This change in order can lead to error in agreement. It is sometimes difficult to remember when the verb comes before the subject.
Below you will find some guidelines and examples to help you.

In normal everyday English, verbs precede the subject.

'''To make questions''' "Does he?" "Can you?"

'''After 'so' 'neither', 'nor'''' "So do I", "Neither do I", "Nor do I"

In written English, as well as in a very formal style, the verb precedes the subject is in the following cases:

'''After negative adverbial expressions'''

*Under no circumstances ''can we'' accept cheques.

*In no way ''can he'' be held responsible.

*At no time ''did she say'''' she would come.

'''After adverbial expressions of place''' :

*Round the corner came the postman.

*On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.

'''After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', in comparisons''' :

*''Seldom'' have I seen such a beautiful view.

*''Rarely'' did he pay anyone a compliment.

*''Never'' had I felt so happy.

'''After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.''' :

*''Hardly had I begun'' to speak when I was interrupted.

*''Scarcely had we started our meal'' our meal when the phone rang.

*''No sooner had I arrived'' than they all started to argue.

'''After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'''' :

*''Only'' after the meeting ''did I realize'' the importance of the subject.

'''After exclamations with 'here' and 'there'''' :

*''Here comes'' the winner!

*''There goes'' all our money!

==Intervening Expressions==

An intervening expression is an expression that describes the subject and should not affect the verb. These expressions are often mistaken for being the subject of the sentence. Verbs are sometimes separated by words that describe the subject. This can make it difficult to make sure that the subject and verb agree. The key is to make sure that the verb agrees with the subject and not with the word in the modifying phrase.

'''Example:''' The evidence that they submitted to the judge was convincing.
*The subject is: '''evidence'''

*The verb is: '''was'''

==Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns==
Some pronouns are definite in the fact that they can replace a specific noun or another pronoun. But sometimes things aren’t so clear-cut. So what do we do for a pronoun when we find ourselves in this predicament? We will use indefinite pronouns. "Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things" <ref>Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference''. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref>.Some of these indefinite pronouns are always singular or always plural. But some can change their number—they can be either singular or plural, depending on the context.
There are two categories of indefinite pronouns. The first category includes pronouns that refer to a nonspecific noun. These pronouns are:
''anything'',''somebody'', ''no one'', and ''something''. An example sentence using the first category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Somebody is at the door

The second category of indefinite pronouns are those that point to a specific noun whose meaning is easily understood only because it was previously mentioned or because the words that follow the indefinite pronoun make it clear. These pronouns are: ''both'', ''all'', ''few'', and ''either''. An example sentence using the second category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Both do well at taking tests.

==External Links==

*[http://www.dianahacker.com/writersref Diana Hacker's Companion Site].
*[http://college.cengage.com/english/raimes/digitalkeys/keyshtml/subject3.htm Subject Verb Agreement: Intervening Words].
*[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/01/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab].
*[http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/sv_agr.htm Guide to Grammar and Writing: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[http://www.towson.edu/ows/moduleSVAGR.htm Self Teaching Unit: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/rosado-grammar-expert-site/subject-verb-agreement-1--indefinite-pronouns Rosado Grammar Expert Site].

==References==
<references/>

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T05:28:52Z

DanielleJStacey: /* Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns */

Making sure that the subject and verb agree in a sentence is important. When they agree correctly they will make the essay or report easier to read and understand. There are a few techniques that will need to be taken to ensure the subject and verb are in agreement.The verb in every independent or dependent clause must agree with its subject in person or number.

'''The two numbers are:'''
*'''singular'''- indicating one person or thing
*'''plural'''- indicating more than one person or thing

For the subject and verb to agree in singular or plural subjects, they must have a singular or plural verb <ref>Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell., ''The Concise Wadsworth Handbook''. Instructor's Ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005, p.240. [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-Wadsworth-Handbook-Laurie-Kirszner/dp/142829192X]</ref>. The subject takes the base form of the verb in all but the third person singular to make the subject and verb agree in person. The subject and verb must comply in number. In third person singular add an ''s'' or ''es'' to the base form of the verb to make both the subject and verb agree.

'''Example:''' The dog jumps the fence.
*The subject is: '''dog'''
*The verb is: '''jumps'''

'''Example:''' The dogs jump the fence.
*The subject is: '''dogs'''
*The verb is: '''jump'''

==Compound Subjects==

Eugenia Butler states in her book ''Correct Writing'', "Compound subjects joined by "and" normally require a plural verb" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.143-145. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. The only instance when this is not applicable and the subjects are considered singular is when the subjects refer to the same individual or object.

'''Remember:''' "Nouns joined by '''"and"''' are thought of as a unit or actually refer to the same person or thing, the verb is normally singular".

*'''Example:''' My friend Jenn and colleague Sarah are going on vacation.

*'''Example:''' The restaurant owner and head chef is coming to the party. (referring to the same person, '''singular''')

When compound subjects joined by '''“or”''' or '''“nor”''', the verb follows the nearest subject.

*'''Example:''' My brother or sister is throwing me a party. (nearest subject, sister, is '''singular''')

*'''Example:''' Neither my boss or co-workers are feeling well today. (nearest subject, co-workers, is '''plural''')

==Verb Preceding the Subject==

Verbs sometimes come before the subject. This change in order can lead to error in agreement. It is sometimes difficult to remember when the verb comes before the subject.
Below you will find some guidelines and examples to help you.

In normal everyday English, verbs precede the subject.

'''To make questions''' "Does he?" "Can you?"

'''After 'so' 'neither', 'nor'''' "So do I", "Neither do I", "Nor do I"

In written English, as well as in a very formal style, the verb precedes the subject is in the following cases:

'''After negative adverbial expressions'''

*Under no circumstances ''can we'' accept cheques.

*In no way ''can he'' be held responsible.

*At no time ''did she say'''' she would come.

'''After adverbial expressions of place''' :

*Round the corner came the postman.

*On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.

'''After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', in comparisons''' :

*''Seldom'' have I seen such a beautiful view.

*''Rarely'' did he pay anyone a compliment.

*''Never'' had I felt so happy.

'''After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.''' :

*''Hardly had I begun'' to speak when I was interrupted.

*''Scarcely had we started our meal'' our meal when the phone rang.

*''No sooner had I arrived'' than they all started to argue.

'''After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'''' :

*''Only'' after the meeting ''did I realize'' the importance of the subject.

'''After exclamations with 'here' and 'there'''' :

*''Here comes'' the winner!

*''There goes'' all our money!

==Intervening Expressions==

An intervening expression is an expression that describes the subject and should not affect the verb. These expressions are often mistaken for being the subject of the sentence. Verbs are sometimes separated by words that describe the subject. This can make it difficult to make sure that the subject and verb agree. The key is to make sure that the verb agrees with the subject and not with the word in the modifying phrase.

'''Example:''' The evidence that they submitted to the judge was convincing.
*The subject is: '''evidence'''

*The verb is: '''was'''

==Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns==
Some pronouns are definite in the fact that they can replace a specific noun or another pronoun. But sometimes things aren’t so clear-cut. So what do we do for a pronoun when we find ourselves in this predicament? We will use indefinite pronouns. "Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things" <ref>Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference''. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref>.Some of these indefinite pronouns are always singular or always plural. But some can change their number—they can be either singular or plural, depending on the context.
There are two categories of indefinite pronouns. The first category includes pronouns that refer to a nonspecific noun. These pronouns are:
''anything'',''somebody'', ''no one'', and ''something''. An example sentence using the first category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Somebody is at the door

The second category of indefinite pronouns are those that point to a specific noun whose meaning is easily understood only because it was previously mentioned or because the words that follow the indefinite pronoun make it clear. These pronouns are: ''both'', ''all'', ''few'', and ''either''. An example sentence using the second category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Both do well at taking tests.

==External Links==

*[http://www.dianahacker.com/writersref Diana Hacker's Companion Site].
*[http://college.cengage.com/english/raimes/digitalkeys/keyshtml/subject3.htm Subject Verb Agreement: Intervening Words].
*[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/01/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab].
*[http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/sv_agr.htm Guide to Grammar and Writing: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[http://www.towson.edu/ows/moduleSVAGR.htm Self Teaching Unit: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/rosado-grammar-expert-site/subject-verb-agreement-1--indefinite-pronouns Rosado Grammar Expert Site].

==References==
<references/>

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T05:26:51Z

DanielleJStacey: /* Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns */

Making sure that the subject and verb agree in a sentence is important. When they agree correctly they will make the essay or report easier to read and understand. There are a few techniques that will need to be taken to ensure the subject and verb are in agreement.The verb in every independent or dependent clause must agree with its subject in person or number.

'''The two numbers are:'''
*'''singular'''- indicating one person or thing
*'''plural'''- indicating more than one person or thing

For the subject and verb to agree in singular or plural subjects, they must have a singular or plural verb <ref>Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell., ''The Concise Wadsworth Handbook''. Instructor's Ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005, p.240. [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-Wadsworth-Handbook-Laurie-Kirszner/dp/142829192X]</ref>. The subject takes the base form of the verb in all but the third person singular to make the subject and verb agree in person. The subject and verb must comply in number. In third person singular add an ''s'' or ''es'' to the base form of the verb to make both the subject and verb agree.

'''Example:''' The dog jumps the fence.
*The subject is: '''dog'''
*The verb is: '''jumps'''

'''Example:''' The dogs jump the fence.
*The subject is: '''dogs'''
*The verb is: '''jump'''

==Compound Subjects==

Eugenia Butler states in her book ''Correct Writing'', "Compound subjects joined by "and" normally require a plural verb" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.143-145. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. The only instance when this is not applicable and the subjects are considered singular is when the subjects refer to the same individual or object.

'''Remember:''' "Nouns joined by '''"and"''' are thought of as a unit or actually refer to the same person or thing, the verb is normally singular".

*'''Example:''' My friend Jenn and colleague Sarah are going on vacation.

*'''Example:''' The restaurant owner and head chef is coming to the party. (referring to the same person, '''singular''')

When compound subjects joined by '''“or”''' or '''“nor”''', the verb follows the nearest subject.

*'''Example:''' My brother or sister is throwing me a party. (nearest subject, sister, is '''singular''')

*'''Example:''' Neither my boss or co-workers are feeling well today. (nearest subject, co-workers, is '''plural''')

==Verb Preceding the Subject==

Verbs sometimes come before the subject. This change in order can lead to error in agreement. It is sometimes difficult to remember when the verb comes before the subject.
Below you will find some guidelines and examples to help you.

In normal everyday English, verbs precede the subject.

'''To make questions''' "Does he?" "Can you?"

'''After 'so' 'neither', 'nor'''' "So do I", "Neither do I", "Nor do I"

In written English, as well as in a very formal style, the verb precedes the subject is in the following cases:

'''After negative adverbial expressions'''

*Under no circumstances ''can we'' accept cheques.

*In no way ''can he'' be held responsible.

*At no time ''did she say'''' she would come.

'''After adverbial expressions of place''' :

*Round the corner came the postman.

*On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.

'''After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', in comparisons''' :

*''Seldom'' have I seen such a beautiful view.

*''Rarely'' did he pay anyone a compliment.

*''Never'' had I felt so happy.

'''After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.''' :

*''Hardly had I begun'' to speak when I was interrupted.

*''Scarcely had we started our meal'' our meal when the phone rang.

*''No sooner had I arrived'' than they all started to argue.

'''After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'''' :

*''Only'' after the meeting ''did I realize'' the importance of the subject.

'''After exclamations with 'here' and 'there'''' :

*''Here comes'' the winner!

*''There goes'' all our money!

==Intervening Expressions==

An intervening expression is an expression that describes the subject and should not affect the verb. These expressions are often mistaken for being the subject of the sentence. Verbs are sometimes separated by words that describe the subject. This can make it difficult to make sure that the subject and verb agree. The key is to make sure that the verb agrees with the subject and not with the word in the modifying phrase.

'''Example:''' The evidence that they submitted to the judge was convincing.
*The subject is: '''evidence'''

*The verb is: '''was'''

==Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns==
Some pronouns are definite in the fact that they can replace a specific noun or another pronoun. But sometimes things aren’t so clear-cut. So what do we do for a pronoun when we find ourselves in this predicament? We will use indefinite pronouns. "Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things" <ref>Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference''. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref>.Some of these indefinite pronouns are always singular or always plural. But some can change their number—they can be either singular or plural, depending on the context.
There are two categories of indefinite pronouns. The first category includes pronouns that refer to a nonspecific noun. These pronouns are:
anything,somebody, no one, and something. An example sentence using the first category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Somebody is at the door

The second category of indefinite pronouns are those that point to a specific noun whose meaning is easily understood only because it was previously mentioned or because the words that follow the indefinite pronoun make it clear. These pronouns are: both, all, few, and either. An example sentence using the first category of indefinite pronouns is:

*Both do well at taking tests.

==External Links==

*[http://www.dianahacker.com/writersref Diana Hacker's Companion Site].
*[http://college.cengage.com/english/raimes/digitalkeys/keyshtml/subject3.htm Subject Verb Agreement: Intervening Words].
*[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/01/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab].
*[http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/sv_agr.htm Guide to Grammar and Writing: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[http://www.towson.edu/ows/moduleSVAGR.htm Self Teaching Unit: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/rosado-grammar-expert-site/subject-verb-agreement-1--indefinite-pronouns Rosado Grammar Expert Site].

==References==
<references/>

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T05:15:56Z

DanielleJStacey: /* External Links */

Making sure that the subject and verb agree in a sentence is important. When they agree correctly they will make the essay or report easier to read and understand. There are a few techniques that will need to be taken to ensure the subject and verb are in agreement.The verb in every independent or dependent clause must agree with its subject in person or number.

'''The two numbers are:'''
*'''singular'''- indicating one person or thing
*'''plural'''- indicating more than one person or thing

For the subject and verb to agree in singular or plural subjects, they must have a singular or plural verb <ref>Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell., ''The Concise Wadsworth Handbook''. Instructor's Ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005, p.240. [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-Wadsworth-Handbook-Laurie-Kirszner/dp/142829192X]</ref>. The subject takes the base form of the verb in all but the third person singular to make the subject and verb agree in person. The subject and verb must comply in number. In third person singular add an ''s'' or ''es'' to the base form of the verb to make both the subject and verb agree.

'''Example:''' The dog jumps the fence.
*The subject is: '''dog'''
*The verb is: '''jumps'''

'''Example:''' The dogs jump the fence.
*The subject is: '''dogs'''
*The verb is: '''jump'''

==Compound Subjects==

Eugenia Butler states in her book ''Correct Writing'', "Compound subjects joined by "and" normally require a plural verb" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.143-145. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. The only instance when this is not applicable and the subjects are considered singular is when the subjects refer to the same individual or object.

'''Remember:''' "Nouns joined by '''"and"''' are thought of as a unit or actually refer to the same person or thing, the verb is normally singular".

*'''Example:''' My friend Jenn and colleague Sarah are going on vacation.

*'''Example:''' The restaurant owner and head chef is coming to the party. (referring to the same person, '''singular''')

When compound subjects joined by '''“or”''' or '''“nor”''', the verb follows the nearest subject.

*'''Example:''' My brother or sister is throwing me a party. (nearest subject, sister, is '''singular''')

*'''Example:''' Neither my boss or co-workers are feeling well today. (nearest subject, co-workers, is '''plural''')

==Verb Preceding the Subject==

Verbs sometimes come before the subject. This change in order can lead to error in agreement. It is sometimes difficult to remember when the verb comes before the subject.
Below you will find some guidelines and examples to help you.

In normal everyday English, verbs precede the subject.

'''To make questions''' "Does he?" "Can you?"

'''After 'so' 'neither', 'nor'''' "So do I", "Neither do I", "Nor do I"

In written English, as well as in a very formal style, the verb precedes the subject is in the following cases:

'''After negative adverbial expressions'''

*Under no circumstances ''can we'' accept cheques.

*In no way ''can he'' be held responsible.

*At no time ''did she say'''' she would come.

'''After adverbial expressions of place''' :

*Round the corner came the postman.

*On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.

'''After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', in comparisons''' :

*''Seldom'' have I seen such a beautiful view.

*''Rarely'' did he pay anyone a compliment.

*''Never'' had I felt so happy.

'''After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.''' :

*''Hardly had I begun'' to speak when I was interrupted.

*''Scarcely had we started our meal'' our meal when the phone rang.

*''No sooner had I arrived'' than they all started to argue.

'''After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'''' :

*''Only'' after the meeting ''did I realize'' the importance of the subject.

'''After exclamations with 'here' and 'there'''' :

*''Here comes'' the winner!

*''There goes'' all our money!

==Intervening Expressions==

An intervening expression is an expression that describes the subject and should not affect the verb. These expressions are often mistaken for being the subject of the sentence. Verbs are sometimes separated by words that describe the subject. This can make it difficult to make sure that the subject and verb agree. The key is to make sure that the verb agrees with the subject and not with the word in the modifying phrase.

'''Example:''' The evidence that they submitted to the judge was convincing.
*The subject is: '''evidence'''

*The verb is: '''was'''

==Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns==

"Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things" <ref>Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference''. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref>. Some of these indefinite pronouns are always singular or always plural. But some can change their number—they can be either singular or plural, depending on the context.A few examples of Indefinite Pronouns are all, anything, neither, somebody, several, both, everyone, etc.

'''Example sentences:'''

*Somebody is at the door. ('''"Somebody"''' is singular; therefore, the linking verb is '''"is"''' instead of '''"are."''')

*Both do well at taking tests. ('''"Both"''' is plural (referring to more than one); therefore the linking verb is '''"do"''' instead of '''"does."''')

==External Links==

*[http://www.dianahacker.com/writersref Diana Hacker's Companion Site].
*[http://college.cengage.com/english/raimes/digitalkeys/keyshtml/subject3.htm Subject Verb Agreement: Intervening Words].
*[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/01/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab].
*[http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/sv_agr.htm Guide to Grammar and Writing: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[http://www.towson.edu/ows/moduleSVAGR.htm Self Teaching Unit: Subject Verb Agreement].
*[https://sites.google.com/a/jeffcoschools.us/rosado-grammar-expert-site/subject-verb-agreement-1--indefinite-pronouns Rosado Grammar Expert Site].

==References==
<references/>

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T05:12:35Z

DanielleJStacey: /* External Links */

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T05:08:58Z

DanielleJStacey:

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T04:58:06Z

DanielleJStacey:

Making sure that the subject and verb agree in a sentence is important. When they agree correctly they will make the essay or report easier to read and understand. There are a few techniques that will need to be taken to ensure the subject and verb are in agreement.The verb in every independent or dependent clause must agree with its subject in person or number <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p. 143.[http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>.

'''The two numbers are:'''
*'''singular'''- indicating one person or thing
*'''plural'''- indicating more than one person or thing

For the subject and verb to agree in singular or plural subjects, they must have a singular or plural verb <ref>Kirszner, Laurie G., and Stephen R. Mandell., ''The Concise Wadsworth Handbook''. Instructor's Ed. Australia: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2005, p.240. [http://www.amazon.com/Concise-Wadsworth-Handbook-Laurie-Kirszner/dp/142829192X]</ref>. The subject takes the base form of the verb in all but the third person singular to make the subject and verb agree in person. The subject and verb must comply in number. In third person singular add an ''s'' or ''es'' to the base form of the verb to make both the subject and verb agree.

'''Example:''' The dog jumps the fence.
*The subject is: '''dog'''
*The verb is: '''jumps'''

'''Example:''' The dogs jump the fence.
*The subject is: '''dogs'''
*The verb is: '''jump'''

==Compound Subjects==

Eugenia Butler states in her book ''Correct Writing'', "Compound subjects joined by "and" normally require a plural verb" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.144. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. The only instance when this is not applicable and the subjects are considered singular is when the subjects refer to the same individual or object.

'''Remember:''' "Nouns joined by '''"and"''' are thought of as a unit or actually refer to the same person or thing, the verb is normally singular" <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.145. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>.

*'''Example:''' My friend Jenn and colleague Sarah are going on vacation.

*'''Example:''' The restaurant owner and head chef is coming to the party. (referring to the same person, '''singular''')

When compound subjects joined by '''“or”''' or '''“nor”''', the verb follows the nearest subject.

*'''Example:''' My brother or sister is throwing me a party. (nearest subject, sister, is '''singular''')

*'''Example:''' Neither my boss or co-workers are feeling well today. (nearest subject, co-workers, is '''plural''')

==Verb Preceding the Subject==

Verbs sometimes come before the subject. This change in order can lead to error in agreement <ref>Butler, Eugenia, et al., ''Correct Writing''. 6th Ed. Lexington: D.C. Hath and Company, 1995, p.144. [http://www.amazon.com/Correct-Writing-Eugenia-Butler/dp/0669340731]</ref>. It is sometimes difficult to remember when the verb comes before the subject.
Below you will find some guidelines and examples to help you.

In normal everyday English, verbs precede the subject.

'''To make questions''' "Does he?" "Can you?"

'''After 'so' 'neither', 'nor'''' "So do I", "Neither do I", "Nor do I"

In written English, as well as in a very formal style, the verb precedes the subject is in the following cases:

'''After negative adverbial expressions'''

*Under no circumstances ''can we'' accept cheques.

*In no way ''can he'' be held responsible.

*At no time ''did she say'''' she would come.

'''After adverbial expressions of place''' :

*Round the corner came the postman.

*On the doorstep was a bunch of flowers.

'''After 'seldom', 'rarely', 'never', in comparisons''' :

*''Seldom'' have I seen such a beautiful view.

*''Rarely'' did he pay anyone a compliment.

*''Never'' had I felt so happy.

'''After 'hardly', 'scarcely', 'no sooner', when one thing happens after another.''' :

*''Hardly had I begun'' to speak when I was interrupted.

*''Scarcely had we started our meal'' our meal when the phone rang.

*''No sooner had I arrived'' than they all started to argue.

'''After adverbial expressions beginning with 'only'''' :

*''Only'' after the meeting ''did I realize'' the importance of the subject.

'''After exclamations with 'here' and 'there'''' :

*''Here comes'' the winner!

*''There goes'' all our money!

==Intervening Expressions==

An intervening expression is an expression that describes the subject and should not affect the verb. These expressions are often mistaken for being the subject of the sentence. Verbs are sometimes separated by words that describe the subject. This can make it difficult to make sure that the subject and verb agree. The key is to make sure that the verb agrees with the subject and not with the word in the modifying phrase.

*'''Example:''' The evidence that they submitted to the judge was convincing.
The subject is: '''evidence'''

The verb is: '''was'''

==Verb Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns==

"Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific persons or things" <ref>Hacker, Diana. ''A Writer's Reference''. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref>. Some of these indefinite pronouns are always singular or always plural. But some can change their number—they can be either singular or plural, depending on the context.A few examples of Indefinite Pronouns are all, anything, neither, somebody, several, both, everyone, etc.

*'''Example sentences:'''

Somebody is at the door. ('''"Somebody"''' is singular; therefore, the linking verb is '''"is"''' instead of '''"are."''')

Both do well at taking tests. ('''"Both"''' is plural (referring to more than one); therefore the linking verb is '''"do"''' instead of '''"does."''')

==External Links==

*[http://www.dianahacker.com/writersref Diana Hacker's Companion Site].
*[http://college.cengage.com/english/raimes/digitalkeys/keyshtml/subject3.htm Subject Verb Agreement: Intervening Words].
*[https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/599/01/ Purdue University Online Writing Lab].

==References==
<references/>

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-24T04:29:21Z

DanielleJStacey:

What is “subject/verb agreement”?

2014-04-23T16:40:42Z

DanielleJStacey: /* Links */

What is “tone”?

2014-04-11T03:10:57Z

DanielleJStacey:

Tone expresses emotion through word choice, denotative and connotative meanings of words, sentence structure and the usage of tone. For a paper to have good tone it must have an effective manner of expression. When trying to set the tone, a writer must consider their audience and what words to choose to express their point of view. An essay’s tone suggests the writer’s emotional involvement in the essay’s subject by projecting:

* Anger
* Enthusiasm
* Disinterest
* Outrage

Tone helps to develop and maintain your assertion throughout your essay and is important in the writing process.<ref>Macon State OWL Writers Laboratory. Feb 28.2005 [http://tutorials.maconstate.edu/owl/wp/wp05.asp]</ref> Consider the following examples:

:Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly delivered a verdict that favored Microsoft’s position in the Justice Department’s anti-trust case.

:Judge Kollar-Kotelly’s verdict amounts to little more than a slap on the wrist for the monopolist Microsoft.

The first example maintains an objective point of view by presenting the information in a neutral way. This may prove as a weak approach. To effectively illustrate a point of view a writer should be assertive rather than neutral. The second example is more effective writing because it uses an opinion, and the word “monopolist” which clearly illustrates the writer’s feelings toward the verdict.

==Word Choice==

As Diana Hacker States in her book ''The Bedford Handbook'',word choice can also have great effects on a paper's tone.<ref>Hacker, Diana. A Writer's Reference. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003, p. 128 [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false]</ref> Here are a few pointers a writer should keep in mind:

* A writer should use verbs that have subjects that receive action to give a better picture to the reader.
* A writer should not use weaker forms of verbs.
* A writer should stand firm on their position and emphasize their points by expressing them to the fullest.
* A good writer should elaborate on points with descriptive phases and examples.
* A writer should avoid using the same word too many times. It can make a paper seem monotonous and lose the reader’s attention.
* A good writer always keeps a dictionary and thesaurus.

==Denotative and Connotative Meanings==

Words have both '''denotative''' and '''connotative''' meanings. The ''denotative'' meaning is a ''neutral dictionary definition'' that has a strict meaning. A ''connotative'' meaning contains the ''emotional value or illustrations'' that often comes to mind when thinking of a word. For example:

*'''''Denotative'''''

1. Water is a combination of two hydrogen's and one oxygen.

*'''''Connotative'''''

2. The thought of water brings to mind coolness and refreshment.

In the first sentence, there was little imagination and the definition of "water" was simply stated. Sometimes the denotative meaning can give the writer merit and a firm base for their opinion.
With the second sentence, there is a visual painted of water that makes the reader feel what the writer is trying to express.

==Sentence Structure==

Andrea Lunsford states in her book ''The Everyday Writer'' that in order for a paper to maintain tone, it must not deviate from tense or from mood. In order for a writer to effectively illustrate their point, they need to have a firm position and not waiver.<ref>Lunsford, Andrea A. The Everyday Writer. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2005, p. 195 [http://books.google.com/books?id=EsVpuQAACAAJ&dq=Lunsford,+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2P1GU8fiAYjUsATO7oDIBQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAQ]
</ref> ''Consistency'' is important to maintain a paper's tone and limits shifts in a paper's voice. Consistency will illustrate a writer's point effectively to his or her readers. Here are a few things that will help a writer maintain Consistency:

* Numbering
* Grammatical person
* Tense

Hacker claims that in order for a paper to have adequate tone, it must not contain too many choppy sentences or too many complex sentences. There should be a happy medium so that the writer can get their point across while still illustrating their point effectively. A paper must have:

* A consistent flow of ideas that illustrate the writer's point.
* Simplify without becoming too simple or too hard to read.
* Use different ways to write and create sentences; catchy phrases are nice but stay clear of slang.

==Usage of Tone==

The term tone was first used as a means to describe music and it is now widely used in the discussion of literature. The tone of a piece of literature, or an official document, sets the stage for how that piece of work should be read by the reader. Authors create the tone of a work through the use of ''word choice'', ''syntax'',''imagery'',''details'', and ''figurative language''. While the author can set the tone of an official document or a piece of literature it should still be made clear that the author's views and opinions are not those of the reader. In many pieces of literature the author may use a variety of different tones to tell a story. An official document is different from a piece of literature because there is only one tone throughout and that is a very formal tone. Whether its an informal or formal tone, every piece of writing makes usage of tone.

Tone is important when writing a paper. When used correctly, tone will illustrate a writer’s attitude about the subject to the reader effectively.

==External Links==

* [http://www.nl.edu/centers/cad/resources/resources_003.cfm Academic Tone Guidelines]
* [http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/composition/tone.htm Tone: A Matter of Attitude]
* [http://web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/EssayWritingAud.html The UVic Writer's Guide]
* [http://www.umuc.edu/prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/chapter3/chapter3-21.shtml Online Guide to Writing and Research]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/write.shtmlWriting: Considering Structure & Organization]
* [http://alpha.furman.edu/~moakes/Powerwrite/audience.htmDetermining Audience and Tone]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Analyze-Tone-in-Literature How to Analyze Tone in Literature]

== References ==
<references/>

What is “tone”?

2014-04-11T02:12:35Z

DanielleJStacey:

Tone expresses emotion through word choice, denotative and connotative meanings of words, sentence structure and the usage of tone. For a paper to have good tone it must have an effective manner of expression. When trying to set the tone, a writer must consider their audience and what words to choose to express their point of view. An essay’s tone suggests the writer’s emotional involvement in the essay’s subject by projecting:

* Anger
* Enthusiasm
* Disinterest
* Outrage

Tone helps to develop and maintain your assertion throughout your essay and is important in the writing process. Consider the following examples:

:Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly delivered a verdict that favored Microsoft’s position in the Justice Department’s anti-trust case.

:Judge Kollar-Kotelly’s verdict amounts to little more than a slap on the wrist for the monopolist Microsoft.

The first example maintains an objective point of view by presenting the information in a neutral way. This may prove as a weak approach. To effectively illustrate a point of view a writer should be assertive rather than neutral. The second example is more effective writing because it uses an opinion, and the word “monopolist” which clearly illustrates the writer’s feelings toward the verdict.

==Word Choice==

As Diana Hacker States in her book ''The Bedford Handbook'',word choice can also have great effects on a paper's tone.<ref>Hacker 2003,p.128.</ref> Here are a few pointers a writer should keep in mind:

* A writer should use verbs that have subjects that receive action to give a better picture to the reader.
* A writer should not use weaker forms of verbs.
* A writer should stand firm on their position and emphasize their points by expressing them to the fullest.
* A good writer should elaborate on points with descriptive phases and examples.
* A writer should avoid using the same word too many times. It can make a paper seem monotonous and lose the reader’s attention.
* A good writer always keeps a dictionary and thesaurus.

==Denotative and Connotative Meanings==

Words have both '''denotative''' and '''connotative''' meanings. The ''denotative'' meaning is a ''neutral dictionary definition'' that has a strict meaning. A ''connotative'' meaning contains the ''emotional value or illustrations'' that often comes to mind when thinking of a word. For example:

*'''''Denotative'''''

1. Water is a combination of two hydrogen's and one oxygen.

*'''''Connotative'''''

2. The thought of water brings to mind coolness and refreshment.

In the first sentence, there was little imagination and the definition of "water" was simply stated. Sometimes the denotative meaning can give the writer merit and a firm base for their opinion.
With the second sentence, there is a visual painted of water that makes the reader feel what the writer is trying to express.

==Sentence Structure==

Andrea Lunsford states in her book ''The Everyday Writer'' that in order for a paper to maintain tone, it must not deviate from tense or from mood.<ref>Lunsford 2005, p. 195</ref> In order for a writer to effectively illustrate their point, they need to have a firm position and not waiver. ''Consistency'' is important to maintain a paper's tone and limits shifts in a paper's voice. Consistency will illustrate a writer's point effectively to his or her readers. Here are a few things that will help a writer maintain Consistency:

* Numbering
* Grammatical person
* Tense

Hacker claims that in order for a paper to have adequate tone, it must not contain too many choppy sentences or too many complex sentences. There should be a happy medium so that the writer can get their point across while still illustrating their point effectively. A paper must have:

* A consistent flow of ideas that illustrate the writer's point.
* Simplify without becoming too simple or too hard to read.
* Use different ways to write and create sentences; catchy phrases are nice but stay clear of slang.

==Usage of Tone==

The term tone was first used as a means to describe music and it is now widely used in the discussion of literature. The tone of a piece of literature, or an official document, sets the stage for how that piece of work should be read by the reader. Authors create the tone of a work through the use of ''word choice'', ''syntax'',''imagery'',''details'', and ''figurative language''. While the author can set the tone of an official document or a piece of literature it should still be made clear that the author's views and opinions are not those of the reader. In many pieces of literature the author may use a variety of different tones to tell a story. An official document is different from a piece of literature because there is only one tone throughout and that is a very formal tone. Whether its an informal or formal tone, every piece of writing makes usage of tone.

Tone is important when writing a paper. When used correctly, tone will illustrate a writer’s attitude about the subject to the reader effectively.

==External Links==

* [http://www.nl.edu/centers/cad/resources/resources_003.cfm Academic Tone Guidelines]
* [http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/composition/tone.htm Tone: A Matter of Attitude]
* [http://web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/EssayWritingAud.html The UVic Writer's Guide]
* [http://www.umuc.edu/prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/chapter3/chapter3-21.shtml Online Guide to Writing and Research]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/write.shtmlWriting: Considering Structure & Organization]
* [http://alpha.furman.edu/~moakes/Powerwrite/audience.htmDetermining Audience and Tone]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Analyze-Tone-in-Literature How to Analyze Tone in Literature]

== References ==

1. Hacker, Diana. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false A Writer's Reference]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003, p. 128

2. Lunsford, Andrea A.[http://books.google.com/books?id=EsVpuQAACAAJ&dq=Lunsford,+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2P1GU8fiAYjUsATO7oDIBQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAQ The Everyday Writer]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2005, p. 195

3. [http://tutorials.maconstate.edu/owl/wp/wp05.asp Macon State OWL Writers Laboratory] . Feb 28.2005

What is “tone”?

2014-04-10T20:38:26Z

DanielleJStacey:

Tone expresses emotion through word choice, denotative and connotative meanings of words, sentence structure and the usage of tone. For a paper to have good tone it must have an effective manner of expression. When trying to set the tone, a writer must consider their audience and what words to choose to express their point of view. An essay’s tone suggests the writer’s emotional involvement in the essay’s subject by projecting:

* Anger
* Enthusiasm
* Disinterest
* Outrage

Tone helps to develop and maintain your assertion throughout your essay and is important in the writing process. Consider the following examples:

:Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly delivered a verdict that favored Microsoft’s position in the Justice Department’s anti-trust case.

:Judge Kollar-Kotelly’s verdict amounts to little more than a slap on the wrist for the monopolist Microsoft.

The first example maintains an objective point of view by presenting the information in a neutral way. This may prove as a weak approach. To effectively illustrate a point of view a writer should be assertive rather than neutral. The second example is more effective writing because it uses an opinion, and the word “monopolist” which clearly illustrates the writer’s feelings toward the verdict.

==Word Choice==

As Diana Hacker States in her book ''The Bedford Handbook'',word choice can also have great effects on a paper's tone. Here are a few pointers a writer should keep in mind:

* A writer should use verbs that have subjects that receive action to give a better picture to the reader.
* A writer should not use weaker forms of verbs.
* A writer should stand firm on their position and emphasize their points by expressing them to the fullest.
* A good writer should elaborate on points with descriptive phases and examples.
* A writer should avoid using the same word too many times. It can make a paper seem monotonous and lose the reader’s attention.
* A good writer always keeps a dictionary and thesaurus.

==Denotative and Connotative Meanings==

Words have both '''denotative''' and '''connotative''' meanings. The ''denotative'' meaning is a ''neutral dictionary definition'' that has a strict meaning. A ''connotative'' meaning contains the ''emotional value or illustrations'' that often comes to mind when thinking of a word. For example:

*'''''Denotative'''''

1. Water is a combination of two hydrogen's and one oxygen.

*'''''Connotative'''''

2. The thought of water brings to mind coolness and refreshment.

In the first sentence, there was little imagination and the definition of "water" was simply stated. Sometimes the denotative meaning can give the writer merit and a firm base for their opinion.
With the second sentence, there is a visual painted of water that makes the reader feel what the writer is trying to express.

==Sentence Structure==

Andrea Lunsford states in her book ''The Everyday Writer'' that in order for a paper to maintain tone, it must not deviate from tense or from mood.In order for a writer to effectively illustrate their point, they need to have a firm position and not waiver. ''Consistency'' is important to maintain a paper's tone and limits shifts in a paper's voice. Consistency will illustrate a writer's point effectively to his or her readers. Here are a few things that will help a writer maintain Consistency:

* Numbering
* Grammatical person
* Tense

Hacker claims that in order for a paper to have adequate tone, it must not contain too many choppy sentences or too many complex sentences. There should be a happy medium so that the writer can get their point across while still illustrating their point effectively. A paper must have:

* A consistent flow of ideas that illustrate the writer's point.
* Simplify without becoming too simple or too hard to read.
* Use different ways to write and create sentences; catchy phrases are nice but stay clear of slang.

==Usage of Tone==

The term tone was first used as a means to describe music and it is now widely used in the discussion of literature. The tone of a piece of literature, or an official document, sets the stage for how that piece of work should be read by the reader. Authors create the tone of a work through the use of ''word choice'', ''syntax'',''imagery'',''details'', and ''figurative language''. While the author can set the tone of an official document or a piece of literature it should still be made clear that the author's views and opinions are not those of the reader. In many pieces of literature the author may use a variety of different tones to tell a story. An official document is different from a piece of literature because there is only one tone throughout and that is a very formal tone. Whether its an informal or formal tone, every piece of writing makes usage of tone.

Tone is important when writing a paper. When used correctly, tone will illustrate a writer’s attitude about the subject to the reader effectively.

==External Links==

* [http://www.nl.edu/centers/cad/resources/resources_003.cfm Academic Tone Guidelines]
* [http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/composition/tone.htm Tone: A Matter of Attitude]
* [http://web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/EssayWritingAud.html The UVic Writer's Guide]
* [http://www.umuc.edu/prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/chapter3/chapter3-21.shtml Online Guide to Writing and Research]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/write.shtmlWriting: Considering Structure & Organization]
* [http://alpha.furman.edu/~moakes/Powerwrite/audience.htmDetermining Audience and Tone]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Analyze-Tone-in-Literature How to Analyze Tone in Literature]

== References ==

1. Hacker, Diana. [http://books.google.com/books?id=g489u9j0XAMC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hacker,+Diana.+A+Writer%E2%80%99s+Reference&hl=en&sa=X&ei=U_1GU4yDO6vnsASEoIHQDw&ved=0CEQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Hacker%2C%20Diana.%20A%20Writer%E2%80%99s%20Reference&f=false A Writer's Reference]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003, p. 128

2. Lunsford, Andrea A.[http://books.google.com/books?id=EsVpuQAACAAJ&dq=Lunsford,+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer&hl=en&sa=X&ei=2P1GU8fiAYjUsATO7oDIBQ&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAQ The Everyday Writer]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2005, p. 195

3. [http://tutorials.maconstate.edu/owl/wp/wp05.asp Macon State OWL Writers Laboratory] . Feb 28.2005

What is “tone”?

2014-04-10T20:12:40Z

DanielleJStacey:

Tone expresses emotion through word choice, denotative and connotative meanings of words, sentence structure and the usage of tone. For a paper to have good tone it must have an effective manner of expression. When trying to set the tone, a writer must consider their audience and what words to choose to express their point of view. An essay’s tone suggests the writer’s emotional involvement in the essay’s subject by projecting:

* Anger
* Enthusiasm
* Disinterest
* Outrage

Tone helps to develop and maintain your assertion throughout your essay and is important in the writing process. Consider the following examples:

:Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly delivered a verdict that favored Microsoft’s position in the Justice Department’s anti-trust case.

:Judge Kollar-Kotelly’s verdict amounts to little more than a slap on the wrist for the monopolist Microsoft.

The first example maintains an objective point of view by presenting the information in a neutral way. This may prove as a weak approach. To effectively illustrate a point of view a writer should be assertive rather than neutral. The second example is more effective writing because it uses an opinion, and the word “monopolist” which clearly illustrates the writer’s feelings toward the verdict.

==Word Choice==

As Diana Hacker States in her book ''The Bedford Handbook'', word choice can also have great effects on a paper's tone.<ref>[http://www.amazon.com/A-Writers-Reference-Diana-Hacker/dp/0312601433/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150416&sr=8-1&keywords=hacker+diana.+a+writer%E2%80%99s+reference+7th+ed Hacker, Diana. A Writer’s Reference]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003, p. 128
</ref> Here are a few pointers a writer should keep in mind:

* A writer should use verbs that have subjects that receive action to give a better picture to the reader.
* A writer should not use weaker forms of verbs.
* A writer should stand firm on their position and emphasize their points by expressing them to the fullest.
* A good writer should elaborate on points with descriptive phases and examples.
* A writer should avoid using the same word too many times. It can make a paper seem monotonous and lose the reader’s attention.
* A good writer always keeps a dictionary and thesaurus.

==Denotative and Connotative Meanings==

Words have both '''denotative''' and '''connotative''' meanings. The ''denotative'' meaning is a ''neutral dictionary definition'' that has a strict meaning. A ''connotative'' meaning contains the ''emotional value or illustrations'' that often comes to mind when thinking of a word. For example:

*'''''Denotative'''''

1. Water is a combination of two hydrogen's and one oxygen.

*'''''Connotative'''''

2. The thought of water brings to mind coolness and refreshment.

In the first sentence, there was little imagination and the definition of "water" was simply stated. Sometimes the denotative meaning can give the writer merit and a firm base for their opinion.
With the second sentence, there is a visual painted of water that makes the reader feel what the writer is trying to express.

==Sentence Structure==

Andrea Lunsford states in her book ''The Everyday Writer'' that in order for a paper to maintain tone, it must not deviate from tense or from mood.<ref>[http://www.amazon.com/The-Everyday-Writer-Andrea-Lunsford/dp/1457600048/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150946&sr=8-1&keywords=Lunsford%2C+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer Lunsford, Andrea A.The Everyday Writer]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2005, p. 195</ref> In order for a writer to effectively illustrate their point, they need to have a firm position and not waiver. ''Consistency'' is important to maintain a paper's tone and limits shifts in a paper's voice. Consistency will illustrate a writer's point effectively to his or her readers. Here are a few things that will help a writer maintain Consistency:

* Numbering
* Grammatical person
* Tense

Hacker claims that in order for a paper to have adequate tone, it must not contain too many choppy sentences or too many complex sentences. There should be a happy medium so that the writer can get their point across while still illustrating their point effectively. A paper must have:

* A consistent flow of ideas that illustrate the writer's point.
* Simplify without becoming too simple or too hard to read.
* Use different ways to write and create sentences; catchy phrases are nice but stay clear of slang.

==Usage of Tone==

The term tone was first used as a means to describe music and it is now widely used in the discussion of literature. The tone of a piece of literature, or an official document, sets the stage for how that piece of work should be read by the reader. Authors create the tone of a work through the use of ''word choice'', ''syntax'',''imagery'',''details'', and ''figurative language''. While the author can set the tone of an official document or a piece of literature it should still be made clear that the author's views and opinions are not those of the reader. In many pieces of literature the author may use a variety of different tones to tell a story. An official document is different from a piece of literature because there is only one tone throughout and that is a very formal tone. Whether its an informal or formal tone, every piece of writing makes usage of tone.

Tone is important when writing a paper. When used correctly, tone will illustrate a writer’s attitude about the subject to the reader effectively.

==External Links==

* [http://www.nl.edu/centers/cad/resources/resources_003.cfm Academic Tone Guidelines]
* [http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/composition/tone.htm Tone: A Matter of Attitude]
* [http://web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/EssayWritingAud.html The UVic Writer's Guide]
* [http://www.umuc.edu/prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/chapter3/chapter3-21.shtml Online Guide to Writing and Research]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/write.shtmlWriting: Considering Structure & Organization]
* [http://alpha.furman.edu/~moakes/Powerwrite/audience.htmDetermining Audience and Tone]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Analyze-Tone-in-Literature How to Analyze Tone in Literature]

== References ==

1. [http://www.amazon.com/A-Writers-Reference-Diana-Hacker/dp/0312601433/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150416&sr=8-1&keywords=hacker+diana.+a+writer%E2%80%99s+reference+7th+ed Hacker, Diana. A Writer’s Reference]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2003, p. 128

2. [http://www.amazon.com/The-Everyday-Writer-Andrea-Lunsford/dp/1457600048/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150946&sr=8-1&keywords=Lunsford%2C+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer Lunsford, Andrea A.The Everyday Writer]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s, 2005, p. 195

3. [http://tutorials.maconstate.edu/owl/wp/wp05.asp Macon State OWL Writers Laboratory] . Feb 28.2005

What is “tone”?

2014-04-10T19:33:25Z

DanielleJStacey:

Tone expresses emotion through word choice, denotative and connotative meanings of words, sentence structure and the usage of tone. For a paper to have good tone it must have an effective manner of expression. When trying to set the tone, a writer must consider their audience and what words to choose to express their point of view. An essay’s tone suggests the writer’s emotional involvement in the essay’s subject by projecting:

* Anger
* Enthusiasm
* Disinterest
* Outrage

Tone helps to develop and maintain your assertion throughout your essay and is important in the writing process. Consider the following examples:

:Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly delivered a verdict that favored Microsoft’s position in the Justice Department’s anti-trust case.

:Judge Kollar-Kotelly’s verdict amounts to little more than a slap on the wrist for the monopolist Microsoft.

The first example maintains an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objective_pronoun objective] point of view by presenting the information in a neutral way. This may prove as a weak approach. To effectively illustrate a point of view a writer should be assertive rather than neutral. The second example is more effective writing because it uses an opinion, and the word “monopolist” which clearly illustrates the writer’s feelings toward the verdict.

==Word Choice==

As Diana Hacker States in her book [http://www.amazon.com/A-Writers-Reference-Diana-Hacker/dp/0312601433/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150416&sr=8-1&keywords=hacker+diana.+a+writer%E2%80%99s+reference+7th+ed ''The Bedford Handbook''], word choice can also have great effects on a paper's tone. Here are a few pointers a writer should keep in mind:

* A writer should use verbs that have subjects that receive action to give a better picture to the reader.
* A writer should not use weaker forms of verbs.
* A writer should stand firm on their position and emphasize their points by expressing them to the fullest.
* A good writer should elaborate on points with descriptive phases and examples.
* A writer should avoid using the same word too many times. It can make a paper seem monotonous and lose the reader’s attention.
* A good writer always keeps a dictionary and thesaurus.

==Denotative and Connotative Meanings==

Words have both '''denotative''' and '''connotative''' meanings. The ''denotative'' meaning is a ''neutral dictionary definition'' that has a strict meaning. A ''connotative'' meaning contains the ''emotional value or illustrations'' that often comes to mind when thinking of a word. For example:

*'''''Denotative'''''

1. Water is a combination of two hydrogen's and one oxygen.

*'''''Connotative'''''

2. The thought of water brings to mind coolness and refreshment.

In the first sentence, there was little imagination and the definition of "water" was simply stated. Sometimes the denotative meaning can give the writer merit and a firm base for their opinion.
With the second sentence, there is a visual painted of water that makes the reader feel what the writer is trying to express.

==Sentence Structure==

Andrea Lunsford states in her book [http://www.amazon.com/The-Everyday-Writer-Andrea-Lunsford/dp/1457600048/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150946&sr=8-1&keywords=Lunsford%2C+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer ''The Everyday Writer''] that in order for a paper to maintain tone, it must not deviate from tense or from mood. In order for a writer to effectively illustrate their point, they need to have a firm position and not waiver. ''Consistency'' is important to maintain a paper's tone and limits shifts in a paper's voice. Consistency will illustrate a writer's point effectively to his or her readers. Here are a few things that will help a writer maintain Consistency:

* Numbering
* Grammatical person
* Tense

Hacker claims that in order for a paper to have adequate tone, it must not contain too many choppy sentences or too many complex sentences. There should be a happy medium so that the writer can get their point across while still illustrating their point effectively. A paper must have:

* A consistent flow of ideas that illustrate the writer's point.
* Simplify without becoming too simple or too hard to read.
* Use different ways to write and create sentences; catchy phrases are nice but stay clear of slang.

==Usage of Tone==

The term tone was first used as a means to describe music and it is now widely used in the discussion of literature. The tone of a piece of literature, or an official document, sets the stage for how that piece of work should be read by the reader. Authors create the tone of a work through the use of ''word choice'', ''syntax'',''imagery'',''details'', and ''figurative language''. While the author can set the tone of an official document or a piece of literature it should still be made clear that the author's views and opinions are not those of the reader. In many pieces of literature the author may use a variety of different tones to tell a story. An official document is different from a piece of literature because there is only one tone throughout and that is a very formal tone. Whether its an informal or formal tone, every piece of writing makes usage of tone.

Tone is important when writing a paper. When used correctly, tone will illustrate a writer’s attitude about the subject to the reader effectively.

==External Links==

* [http://www.nl.edu/centers/cad/resources/resources_003.cfm Academic Tone Guidelines]
* [http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/composition/tone.htm Tone: A Matter of Attitude]
* [http://web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/EssayWritingAud.html The UVic Writer's Guide]
* [http://www.umuc.edu/prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/chapter3/chapter3-21.shtml Online Guide to Writing and Research]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/write.shtmlWriting: Considering Structure & Organization]
* [http://alpha.furman.edu/~moakes/Powerwrite/audience.htmDetermining Audience and Tone]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Analyze-Tone-in-Literature How to Analyze Tone in Literature]

== References ==

1. [http://www.amazon.com/A-Writers-Reference-Diana-Hacker/dp/0312601433/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150416&sr=8-1&keywords=hacker+diana.+a+writer%E2%80%99s+reference+7th+ed Hacker, Diana. A Writer’s Reference]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s. p. 128. 2003

2. [http://www.amazon.com/The-Everyday-Writer-Andrea-Lunsford/dp/1457600048/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150946&sr=8-1&keywords=Lunsford%2C+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer Lunsford, Andrea A.The Everyday Writer]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s. p.195. 2005

3. Macon State OWL Writers Laboratory . Feb 28.2005 http://tutorials.maconstate.edu/owl/wp/wp05.asp

What is “tone”?

2014-04-10T17:47:00Z

DanielleJStacey:

Tone expresses emotion through word choice, denotative and connotative meanings of words, sentence structure and the usage of tone. For a paper to have good tone it must have an effective manner of expression. When trying to set the tone, a writer must consider their audience and what words to choose to express their point of view. An essay’s tone suggests the writer’s emotional involvement in the essay’s subject by projecting:

* Anger
* Enthusiasm
* Disinterest
* Outrage

Tone helps to develop and maintain your assertion throughout your essay and is important in the writing process. Consider the following examples:

:Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly delivered a verdict that favored Microsoft’s position in the Justice Department’s anti-trust case.

:Judge Kollar-Kotelly’s verdict amounts to little more than a slap on the wrist for the monopolist Microsoft.

The first example maintains an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Objective_pronoun objective] point of view by presenting the information in a neutral way. This may prove as a weak approach. To effectively illustrate a point of view a writer should be assertive rather than neutral. The second example is more effective writing because it uses an opinion, and the word “monopolist” which clearly illustrates the writer’s feelings toward the verdict.

==Word Choice==

As Diana Hacker States in her book ''The Bedford Handbook'', word choice can also have great effects on a paper's tone. Here are a few pointers a writer should keep in mind:

* A writer should use verbs that have subjects that receive action to give a better picture to the reader.
* A writer should not use weaker forms of verbs.
* A writer should stand firm on their position and emphasize their points by expressing them to the fullest.
* A good writer should elaborate on points with descriptive phases and examples.
* A writer should avoid using the same word too many times. It can make a paper seem monotonous and lose the reader’s attention.
* A good writer always keeps a dictionary and thesaurus.

==Denotative and Connotative Meanings==

Words have both '''denotative''' and '''connotative''' meanings. The ''denotative'' meaning is a ''neutral dictionary definition'' that has a strict meaning. A ''connotative'' meaning contains the ''emotional value or illustrations'' that often comes to mind when thinking of a word. For example:

*'''''Denotative'''''

1. Water is a combination of two hydrogen's and one oxygen.

*'''''Connotative'''''

2. The thought of water brings to mind coolness and refreshment.

In the first sentence, there was little imagination and the definition of "water" was simply stated. Sometimes the denotative meaning can give the writer merit and a firm base for their opinion.
With the second sentence, there is a visual painted of water that makes the reader feel what the writer is trying to express.

==Sentence Structure==

Andrea Lunsford states that in order for a paper to maintain tone, it must not deviate from tense or from mood. In order for a writer to effectively illustrate their point, they need to have a firm position and not waiver. ''Consistency'' is important to maintain a paper's tone and limits shifts in a paper's voice. Consistency will illustrate a writer's point effectively to his or her readers. Here are a few things that will help a writer maintain Consistency:

* Numbering
* Grammatical person
* Tense

Hacker claims that in order for a paper to have adequate tone, it must not contain too many choppy sentences or too many complex sentences. There should be a happy medium so that the writer can get their point across while still illustrating their point effectively. A paper must have:

* A consistent flow of ideas that illustrate the writer's point.
* Simplify without becoming too simple or too hard to read.
* Use different ways to write and create sentences; catchy phrases are nice but stay clear of slang.

==Usage of Tone==

The term tone was first used as a means to describe music and it is now widely used in the discussion of literature. The tone of a piece of literature, or an official document, sets the stage for how that piece of work should be read by the reader. Authors create the tone of a work through the use of ''word choice'', ''syntax'',''imagery'',''details'', and ''figurative language''. While the author can set the tone of an official document or a piece of literature it should still be made clear that the author's views and opinions are not those of the reader. In many pieces of literature the author may use a variety of different tones to tell a story. An official document is different from a piece of literature because there is only one tone throughout and that is a very formal tone. Whether its an informal or formal tone, every piece of writing makes usage of tone.

Tone is important when writing a paper. When used correctly, tone will illustrate a writer’s attitude about the subject to the reader effectively.

==External Links==

* [http://www.nl.edu/centers/cad/resources/resources_003.cfm Academic Tone Guidelines]
* [http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/composition/tone.htm Tone: A Matter of Attitude]
* [http://web.uvic.ca/wguide/Pages/EssayWritingAud.html The UVic Writer's Guide]
* [http://www.umuc.edu/prog/ugp/ewp_writingcenter/writinggde/chapter3/chapter3-21.shtml Online Guide to Writing and Research]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~writing/materials/student/ac_paper/write.shtmlWriting: Considering Structure & Organization]
* [http://alpha.furman.edu/~moakes/Powerwrite/audience.htmDetermining Audience and Tone]
* [http://www.wikihow.com/Analyze-Tone-in-Literature How to Analyze Tone in Literature]

== References ==

1. [http://www.amazon.com/A-Writers-Reference-Diana-Hacker/dp/0312601433/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150416&sr=8-1&keywords=hacker+diana.+a+writer%E2%80%99s+reference+7th+ed Hacker, Diana. A Writer’s Reference]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s. p. 128. 2003

2. [http://www.amazon.com/The-Everyday-Writer-Andrea-Lunsford/dp/1457600048/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1397150946&sr=8-1&keywords=Lunsford%2C+Andrea+A.The+Everyday+Writer Lunsford, Andrea A.The Everyday Writer]. New York, Boston: Bedford/St.Martin’s. p.195. 2005

3. Macon State OWL Writers Laboratory . Feb 28.2005 http://tutorials.maconstate.edu/owl/wp/wp05.asp